US History: Chapter 21 – Flashcards
29 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 29question
the Montgomery Improvement Association
answer
organized the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Unlock the answer
question
the Little Rock Nine
answer
9 black teenagers who volunteered to integrate Central High school in Little Rock.
Unlock the answer
question
Eisenhower's response to the Little Rock crisis
answer
Eisenhower placed the Arkansas National Guard under federal control and ordered soldiers to protect the Little Rock Nine
Unlock the answer
question
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
answer
- headed by MLK - purpose was to carry on non-violent protests against discrimination
Unlock the answer
question
Martin Luther King, Jr
answer
an African American civil rights leader
Unlock the answer
question
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
answer
an organization formed to coordinate sit-ins and other protests to give young African Americans a larger role in the civil rights movement
Unlock the answer
question
sit-ins
answer
to protest at lunch counters that served only whites
Unlock the answer
question
freedom riders
answer
- Goal: to provoke a violent reaction that would convince the Kennedy Administration to enforce civil rights laws - Reaction: Kennedy Ad. sent 400 US marshals to accompany the freedom riders
Unlock the answer
question
James Meredith
answer
integrates Ole Miss
Unlock the answer
question
March on Washington
answer
Goal: to persuade Congress to pass the civil rights bill
Unlock the answer
question
Freedom Summer project
answer
Goal: influence Congress to pass a voting rights act
Unlock the answer
question
Civil Rights Act of 1964
answer
outlawed discrimination in employment on the basis of race, gender, or religion
Unlock the answer
question
Fannie Lou Hammer
answer
voice of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP)
Unlock the answer
question
the Selma Campaign
answer
Goal: for Congress to pass voting rights - television revealed the police brutality
Unlock the answer
question
Voting Rights Act of 1965
answer
eliminated literacy test as a voting requirement
Unlock the answer
question
de facto segregation
answer
Segregation by tradition or custom (North)
Unlock the answer
question
de jure segregation
answer
segregation by law (South)
Unlock the answer
question
Malcolm X
answer
- spokesman for Nation of Islam: all whites are evil - pro segregation - black superiority - African Americans should use self defense
Unlock the answer
question
Nation of Islam
answer
a religious group founded by Elijah Muhammad to promote black separatism and the Islamic religion
Unlock the answer
question
Stokely Carmichael
answer
head of the SNCC who first fought by means of non-violent ways, but later made a separatist philosophy of black power as the official objective of the organization
Unlock the answer
question
Black Power
answer
- the belief that blacks should fight back if attacked - urged blacks to achieve economic independence by starting and supporting their own business.
Unlock the answer
question
reactions to MLK's death
answer
violence
Unlock the answer
question
Kerner Commission
answer
group set up to investigate the causes of race riots. urged nation to - create new jobs - construct new housing - and end de facto segregation
Unlock the answer
question
Civil Rights Act of 1968
answer
banned discrimination in housing
Unlock the answer
question
affirmative action
answer
policy intended to make up for past discrimination by helping minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities
Unlock the answer
