US History-Chapter 18 – WWII – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
American general who was ordered by President Roosevelt to flee the Philippines, but kept his promise when he returned
answer
MacArthur
question
date when the US dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan
answer
August 9, 1945
question
June 4, 1942 - turning point for the US when Japan suffered a devastating lost at sea - Americans sank 4 of Japan's aircraft carriers, and they lost 200 planes
answer
Battle of Midway
question
when the US dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan
answer
August 6, 1945
question
when the Japanese government accepted American's terms for surrender on the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay
answer
September 2, 1945
question
the first naval combat carried out entirely by aircraft - 5 day battle, aircraft launched from carriers bombed enemy ships more than 70 miles away - cost both sides (US & Japan) more than half their planes
answer
Battle of the Coral Sea
question
the first major battle when the Japanese used kamikaze - 3 day battle involving 280 warships
answer
Leyte Gulf
question
Japan bombed Pearl Harbor
answer
December 7, 1941
question
they developed a secret code that the enemy couldn't break, providing secure communication links
answer
Navajo Indians and their role in World War II
question
code name for the team of scientists working on the atom bomber - leader was Oppenheimer
answer
Manhattan Project
question
Enrico Fermi C& Einstein
answer
the two main scientists that worked on the Manhattan Project
question
the battle in the Pacific where the greatest number of Americans lost their lives - 50,000 - was the last holdout, but the path was cleared to take over Japan
answer
Battle of Okinawa
question
D- Day - the date when the Allied forces invaded Normandy
answer
June 6, 1944
question
American President who ordered the bombs dropped on Japan
answer
Harry S. Truman
question
invade Japan - huge loss of life, naval blockade -more bombing, relax Allied demands for unconditional surrender, demonstrate the bomb on a remote island
answer
alternatives to dropping the atom bomb
question
the action that the US took against the Japanese Americans after Pearl Harbor was attacked
answer
Japanese Internment
question
A long trek across the Philippines that American and Filipino prisoners of war were forced to make by the Japanese in 1942. The Japanese forced 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners to march 65 miles with little food or water, already weak and diseased, prisoners died or were executed when they couldn't move on.
answer
Bataan Death March
question
August 1942 - first jungle warfare for Americans - Americans were easy targets for Japanese snipers - after 5 months and several battles in the water, Americans took control, conquering their first piece of Japanese-held territory
answer
Battle of Guadalcanal
question
lost 25,000 Americans
answer
Battle of Iwo Jima
question
destroy everything as you retreat so the enemy has nothing - no resources
answer
scorched earth policy
question
planes scattered large number of bombs over a wide area
answer
carpet bombing
question
first battle that Germany lost on German soil
answer
Battle of the Bulge
question
V-E Day - victory in Europe - when Germany surrendered to the Allies
answer
May 8, 1945
question
V-J Day - victory in Japan - when Japan surrendered to the Allies
answer
August 15, 1945
question
invading Soviet Union - then they had to fight on two fronts
answer
Germany's biggest mistake
question
pathfinders were dropped to light the way for airplanes to drop paratroopers, then they would take out the guns, demolition units were sent on beaches to clear obstacles so landing crafts could land
answer
Prior to D-Day invasion
question
where Germany was to be divided by four countries into four sections (France, Britain, Soviet Union, and the US)
answer
Yalta Conference
question
Germany invades Poland
answer
September 1, 1939
question
Official start to World War II, Britain and France declare war on Germany
answer
September 3, 1939
question
United States declare war on Japan
answer
December 8, 1941
question
Germany and Italy declare war on the United States
answer
December 11, 1941
question
discrimination or hostility, often violent, directed at Jews
answer
anti-Semitism
question
stripped Jews of their German citizenship, outlawed marriage between Jews and non-Jews
answer
Nuremberg Laws
question
night of terror for Jews - broken windows in synagogues and Jewish owned businesses/houses, thousands of Jews arrested and shipped to concentration camps, followed by an enormous fine to Jews to pay for damages
answer
Kristallnacht
question
rounded up more than 400,000 Jews and confined them in an area less than 3% of the city - received little food, suffered from hunger
answer
Nazi's handling of Jews in Warsaw, Poland
question
mobile killing squads to shoot communist political leaders as well as Jews in German occupied territory
answer
Einsatzgruppen
question
Nazi officials developed a plan to achieve "the Final Solution to the Jewish question" = deliberate destruction of Jewish race
answer
Wannsee Conference
question
the death camp where the majority of Jews were killed
answer
Auschwitz
question
the rejection of the Nazi's argument that they were only "following orders"
answer
Nuremberg Trials most significant outcome
question
leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during World War II
answer
Joseph Stalin
question
President Roosevelt's Army Chief of Staff who was too valuable to the President to send over to Europe
answer
George Marshall
question
German term for "lightning war"
answer
Blitzkrieg
question
name of the agreement reached by President Roosevelt and the British Prime Minister when they met off the coast of Newfoundland
answer
Atlantic Charter
question
German general known as the "Desert Fox"
answer
Erwin Rommel
question
type of government that places the importance of the nation above the value of the individual
answer
Totalitarian
question
American general who was in charge of the Allied forces in Europe
answer
Dwight D. Eisenhower
question
a form of government that places the importance of the nation above the value of the individual
answer
fascism
question
leader of Italy during World War II
answer
Benito Mussolini
question
British Prime Minister during World War II
answer
Winston Churchill
question
Germany, Japan, Italy
answer
Axis Powers
question
winter = lack of food, they were overstretched
answer
two problems German troops faced during the Battle of Stalingrad
