US History 1301 Test 1 – Flashcards

well educated conquistador that traveled to Cuba to become famous but left due to it already being conquered; conquered Mexico and Aztec Indians

used by Spanish to reward conquistadors; Indians used as slaves, and many died due to European diseases so more Indians would be brought in to be slaves

phrase used to represent what explorers were looking for when they came to America; they came for money, to spread the gospel, and for fame

English Tudor King; took advantage of the weakened feudalistic system and strengthened monarchy power; “defender of the faith”

“Virgin Queen”; most powerful of all English monarchs; developed the market economy which layed ground for the colonial process

ended feudalism, brought mercantilism, piracy, and made England prosperous: established by Elizabeth I

first english colony established by the Virginia Company; the virtual dictator was John Smith;

granted to colonists; head of the household received 50 acres of land plus 50 for family members and 50 plus if he brought servants; indentured servants came with the land

believed in a creator (higher power) and in mother earth; no ownership of land everything was ‘the earth’s’

Algonquian Indian group settlements in Virginia ruled by Powhatan

Puritan belief that your whole life revolved around work and working got you into heaven

started by John Calvin; now contradiction between serving God and making money

greatest preacher in America; “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”

religious revival started by George Whitefield

every American woman had to stay home and learn French

*universal laws of nature *natural rights *natural law and deity *beginning of Deism – supported by Issac Newton and John Locke

American general; eventually led the American army for the American revolution

George Washington’s wife

1754-60; French and their Indian tribes opposed the British and ended in the Treaty of Paris; war gained British territorial gains

large area below the great lakes; controlled by France and also claimed by Virginia – French had alliances with Huron and Algonquian Indians

French Fort that was raided by George Washington but Washington was defeated

“Society of Friends”; started by George Fox during the Great Awakening

1770 – sons of liberty surrounded customs house and assaulted red coats and killed five men

runaway slave killed in the Boston Massacre

led the opposition against the stamp act of 1765; “Give me Liberty or Give me death”; worked along with Samuel Adams

spread anti-British propaganda after the Boston Massacre

Act that forced colonists to house red coats in their houses

cut off western settlement for colonists

taxed all paper goods – mainly affected lawyers

group of lawyers that reacted to the Stamp Act

French Explorer; founded Quebec

French fur trappers; fur trapping was the basis of the French economy

end of Feudalism ; commercialism

government set up for the Virginia company

partial church membership that allowed members to have ‘freedom’ outside the church but still be members they just weren’t allowed to partake in the Lord’s supper

founder of Calvinism during the Great Awakening

the Indians were inferior to them and not equal

Enlightenment; universal laws of nature

Puritan leader of the English Civil War; overthrew the monarchy and dictated England till the monarchy was restored

religious belief that God created the world but then became uninvolved

acts that forced all the colonial trade to be with England ; *colonists couldn’t manufacture their own goods *manufactured goods had to be bought with gold or raw materials

belief that all immigrants to America had to have the Anglo culture and worldview of America (westernization)

leader of the committee of correspondence; leader in the Boston Tea party; John Adam’s cousin

french fort that was captured by the british during the French and Indian war

proposal to unify the thirteen colonies; made by Benjamin Franklin

the British crown’s private council

enlightenment thinker and philosopher ; “mind is a blank slate’

lawyer who opposed the stamp act

John Locke’s political philosophy

American patriots that originated in pre-independence

tax on sugar

regulated paper money in the colonies – sought to protect British merchants

raised revenues to the colonists so to pay governors and lawyers so they would remain loyal to Great Britain

author of the Declaration of Independence

obnoxious radical spokesman that led the Continental Congress

harsh laws passed after the Boston Tea Party on the colonists; closed the port of Boston till the colonists payed for all the tea dumped into the harbor

conventions where delegates met to make plans against the British; the first was to petition the British with a set of grievances; the second issued the declaration of independence and started the revolutionary war

statement of grievances made against the intolerable acts

pamphlet written by Thomas Paine made to call the colonists to arms for the war