United States History Chapter 20 – Flashcards

United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947).

Process of making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply

A cheap and simple car designed by Ford. It allowed for more Americans to own a car. $850.

a management theory using efficiency experts to examine each work operations and find ways to minimize the time needed to complete it

In a factory, an arrangement where a product is moved from worker to worker, with each person performing a single task in the making of the product.

Time of prosperity, auto industry/ electrification, industrial boom, people buying consumer products because they could afford it

A consumers buys products by promising to pay small, regular amounts over a period of time. (Buying on credit)

a steady rise in the stock market over a period of time

Purchasing stock with a little money down with the promise of paying the balance at sometime in the future

Secretary of Treasury under President Harding, Coolidge and Hoover, who instituted a Republican policy of reduced government spending, lower taxes to the wealthy and higher tariffs

Harding’s Secretary of Commerce who worked with big business to achieve social goals. Later became 31st president and led America into the Great Depression.

Scandal during the Harding administration involving the granting of oil-drilling rights on government land in Wyoming in return for money (bribes/kickbacks)

Became president when Harding died of pneumonia. He was known for practicing a rigid economy in money and words, and acquired the name “Silent Cal” for being so soft-spoken. He was a true republican and industrialist. Believed in the government supporting big business.

Raised hopes that nations could resolve disagreements without war (1921 & 1922)

Agreement signed in 1928 in which nations agreed not to pose the threat of war against one another

1924 Created by Charles Dawes, a banker-A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success until the stock market crash of 1929.

a growing trend to emphasize science and secular values over traditional ideas about religion

A religious belief characterized by a literal interpretation of the bible

1925, the trial that pitted the teaching of Darwin’s theory of evolution against teaching Bible creationism

Defended John Scopes during the Scopes Trial. He argued that evolution should be taught in schools.

An arrangement placing a limit on the number of immigrants from each country

Secret society that was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans, immigrants, radicals, feminists, Catholics, and Jews.

18th amendment: a total ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor throughout the United States. 1919-1933

Bill passed by Congress to enforce the language of the 18th Amendment. This bill made the manufacture and distribution of alcohol illegal within the borders of the United States.

someone who made or sold alcohol illegally during Prohibition

American silent movie comedian

1927 – The first movie with sound; this “talkie” was about the life of famous jazz singer; Al Jolson.

“Home Run King” in baseball, provided an idol for young people and a figurehead for American sports

American pilot who made the first non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (1927)

Young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion

Austrian doctor that discovered the unconscious mind as a factor in human behavior

Group of writers in 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values and often choose to flee to Europe

Wrote The Great Gatsby ( a lost generation writer)

Lost Generation writer, spent much of his life in France, Spain, and Cuba during WWI, notable works include A Farewell to Arms, Old Man and the Sea

African American leader durin the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927.

A style of dance music popular in the 1920s

Leading African American jazz trumpet player during the Harlem Renaissance

African American blues singer who played an important role in the Harlem Renaissance.

An African-American cultural movement of the 1920s and 1930s, centered in Harlem, that celebrated black traditions, the black voice, and black ways of life.

A poet who was a major figure in the Harlem Renaissance movement and wrote the poem “If We Must Die” after the Chicago riot of 1919.

African American poet who described the rich culture of african American life using rhythms influenced by jazz music.

American folklorist and author. She is best known for her 1937 novel Their Eyes Were Watching God.