question

Yellow journalism featured _____ stories.

answer

sensationalized

question

Which of the following functions do news media perform?

answer

act as a watchdog and scrutinizes official behavior, provide political information, provide a channel through which political leaders communicate to the public

question

A few decades ago, the media system centered on broadcast news networks, but Americans now have a high-_____ media system, where they can pick from a wide variety of outlets.

answer

choice

question

Which of the following media has had the biggest role in making politics more participative?

answer

the Internet

question

T/F: Rupert Murdoch originally intended Fox News to be an objective, nonpartisan news channel.

answer

False

question

Which of the following are reasons why the amount of news the typical American watches has declined since the 1970s?

answer

cable television and other high-choice media became available, children stopped watching the dinner-time news with their parents.

question

The media's function called ____, serves to alert the public to important events in a timely fashion.

answer

signaling

question

Much like political parties and interest groups, the news media, or press,

answer

are a key intermediary between Americans and their leaders

question

Although the American press originally had a political orientation, it eventually shifted to a journalistic orientation, which emphasizes

answer

newsworthy information and events.

question

The elimination of the _____ meant that radio stations no longer had to air a conservative talk show if they aired a liberal one.

answer

Fairness Doctrine

question

Which of the following media are subject to content regulation by the government?

answer

broadcast television, broadcast radio

question

The media carries out a ___-____ function when it disseminates information from political leaders to the public.

answer

common - carrier

question

The media's ability to function as signalers and influence what people are thinking about and discussing is called agenda _____.

answer

setting.

question

T/F: Thanks to the internet, the typical American watches more news on today than in the 1970s?

answer

false

question

Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson felt that newspapers should

answer

promote partisan viewpoints on political matters.

question

Which of the following rules requires a broadcast station to provide a "reasonable opportunity for the discussion of conflicting views of public importance"?

answer

the Fairness Doctrine

question

The news media operate as gatekeepers, which means that they

answer

determine which events will be covered and which will not.

question

The rise of partisan news outlets in the past few decades has contributed to an increase in

answer

party polarization

question

When Ted Turner started CNN in 1980, he instructed his correspondents to

answer

strive for partisan neutrality

question

The media serves a ____ function when it alerts the public to unethical or illegal activities by the government.

answer

watchdog

question

Which of the following resulted from the invention of the power-driven printing press in the late 1800s?

answer

newspapers were less dependent on government financial support, newspaper advertising generated more revenue, newspaper readership increased because they could be sold at a lower price

question

Sensational and largely inaccurate newspaper reports on the cruelty of Spanish rule in Cuba may have helped spark

answer

the Spanish-American War

question

The invention of the telegraph resulted in newspapers

answer

replacing opinion commentary with more news reports

question

The research conducted by David D'alessia and Mike Allen showed that television news has

answer

a slight but insignificant bias in the Democratic direction.

question

American newspapers were originally

answer

partisan

question

When the media use framing, they are

answer

presenting a selective version of reality

question

Adults under 30 years of age are ____, those over 50 to follow the news.

answer

less likely than

question

The newspapers of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, each of which openly backed a specific political party, were examples of the _____ press.

answer

partisan

question

The news media's partisan function means that it

answer

acts as an advocate for a particular viewpoint

question

Which of the following inventions revolutionized newspaper journalism in the early 1800s?

answer

the telegraph

question

In the early decades of the twentieth century, the press responded to yellow journalism by

answer

committing to objective journalism.

question

Most successful radio and television talk show hosts promote a _____ viewpoint.

answer

conservative

question

Unlike CNN, MSNBC and Fox News chose to

answer

adopt a partisan approach to the news.

question

Why is the news shaped by news organizations' need to attract and keep viewers?

answer

news organizations choose coverage that will draw an audience for advertisers.

question

Which of the following broadcast news sources has seen its audience grow since the early 1990s?

answer

NPR

question

One of the reasons the reporting of national news is relatively uniform among news sources is that

answer

the government dictates much of what is reported

question

The traditional media have "softened" their news by

answer

infusing it with more stories about celebrities, crime, and the like.

question

Yellow journalism contributed to public support for the

answer

Spanish-American War

question

The federal government's licensing of broadcasting is based primarily on

answer

the scarcity of broadcasting frequencies

question

Most successful Internet blogs

answer

have a liberal bias

question

Historically, the American press has shifted from

answer

a political to a journalistic orientation

question

Which of the following does NPR serve as an example of?

answer

the one true success story of public broadcasting

question

Of the following television networks, which is typically considered the MOST partisan?

answer

Fox News

question

The news provides a refracted version of reality because it

answer

emphasizes dramatic and compelling news stories

question

One special contribution of Internet-based news is that it

answer

provides the ordinary citizen with an opportunity to be part of the news system

question

What development brought about a dramatic reduction in television's capacity to generate an interest in news?

answer

an increase in newspaper circulation

question

The Watergate scandal illustrates the

answer

power of the media to serve as watchdog to safeguard against abuses of power

question

During the era of objective journalism, the commitment of newspapers to two-sided news reporting

answer

did not extend to their editorializing

question

T/F: In Belgium, those who do not vote may be denied employment in the public sector

answer

true

question

All of the following tend to decrease voter turnout, except

answer

major differences between the major parties

question

Occupy Wall Street's main issue was focused on

answer

the political power and benefits received by the wealthiest Americans

question

T/F: Political polarization occurs when party members will not crossover vote

answer

true

question

In Texas, the primary is held

answer

the first Tuesday in March

question

Using the caucus and convention method to select candidates gave who power?

answer

the parties

question

An individual can donate as much money as they choose to a candidate, T/F?

answer

false

question

The general election is also commonly defined as a party election, T/F?

answer

false

question

The general election is held

answer

first Tuesday following the first Monday in November

question

Members of the Electoral College are selected by

answer

State political parties

question

An individual can donate how much per election during election cycle to candidates?

answer

$2,700

question

In the 2012 presidential election, the majority of campaign spending was on

answer

media

question

T/F: Retired lawmakers cannot become lobbyists because they are forbidden by law to take a lobbying job

answer

false

question

A person as a ____ rider derives a benefit without contributing to its achievement

answer

free

question

Which of the following would be considered outside lobbying activities used by interest groups?

answer

organizing a protest on the steps of Congress, creating public service announcements to be aired on television, having group members send letters to their legislators

question

An interest group may form a political action committee, whose main goal is to

answer

raise and spend money to influence the outcome of elections

question

An issue network is comprised of

answer

various actors that all have interest and expertise in a particular policy issue even though they may disagree on what the outcome should be

question

The situation in which individuals are tempted not to contribute to a cause because they will get the benefits even if they do not participate is called the

answer

free-rider problem

question

Members of the ________ generate more mail to Congress than any other group.

answer

AARP

question

Effective inside lobbying is based upon

answer

providing useful and persuasive information to key officials

question

Most lobbyists receive support from elected officials in direct exchange for

answer

information

question

A basic reason for the existence of so many interest groups in the United States is

answer

- America's federal system of government. - the extent of diverse interests in American society. - the American tradition of free association. - the separation of powers in American government.

question

An interest group that focuses on policy benefits for senior citizens would be an example of

answer

a single issue group

question

The most fully organized interests are those that have which of the following as their primary purpose?

answer

economic activity

question

In recent decades, lobbyists in Washington, D.C. have increasingly

answer

targeted the executive branch in efforts to influence policy decisions

question

"Agency capture" occurs when

answer

regulatory agencies side with the industries they are supposed to regulate rather than with the public.

question

The most numerous economic groups are

answer

business groups

Unit II: Chapters 6-10

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