question

Which conclusion is most clearly supported by the information provided by these maps?

answer

The Great Depression altered American political preferences

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Many of the songs, movies, and books of the 1930s are similar in that they

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helped people escape from the realities of everyday life

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How were the Navajo words in this table used during World War II?

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As a secret code for communicating battle plans between Allied units

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Which is a reason why World War II ended the Great Depression?

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New job opportunities opened as the U.S. began to produce war products

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The election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to a third term as President in 1940 was controversial primarily because this action

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challenged a long-held political tradition

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"For us there are only two possibilities: either we remain German or we come under the thumb of the Jews. This latter must not occur; even if we are small, we are a force. A well-organized group can conquer a strong enemy. If you stick close together and keep bringing in new people, we will be victorious over the Jews." —Adolf Hitler, November 9, 1921. Based on the quotation above, which of the following contributed to Hitler's motivation in the Holocaust?

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Hitler's hatred for Jewish people and his desire to purge the world of Jews

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"I do not believe that the power and duty of the [federal] government ought to be extended to the relief of individual suffering . . . . The lesson should be constantly enforced that though the people support the government the government should not support the people." This quote by President Herbert Hoover supported his belief that Americans should

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lift themselves up through hard work and strength of character

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Congress opposed President Franklin D. Roosevelt's plan to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court because the plan would have

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threatened the principle of checks and balances

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The major reason for President Harry Truman's decision to use atomic bombs against Japan was the

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potential loss of American lives from an invasion of Japan

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The timeline below shows changes in U.S. tariff policy between 1920 and 1930: May 1921— Emergency Tariff increases import taxes on agricultural products September 1922— Fordney-‐McCumberTariff raises tariffs on farm and manufactured goods June 1930— Smoot-‐HawleyTariff increases tariff levels to record high level What conclusion can be drawn from this timeline?

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During the 1920s, Congress supported domestic producers with a protective trade policy

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In the 1930s, shantytowns, often called "Hoovervilles," sprang up across the United States because of President Herbert Hoover's

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refusal to provide direct federal aid to the homeless

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During the New Deal, the Federal Government attempted to improve conditions for farmers by

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paying farmers to take land out of production

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The New Deal changed political thinking in the US because it supported the idea of

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the government should become more involved in the social and economic life of the people

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As part of the New Deal, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) were created to

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protect individual investors from stock fraud and bank failure

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President Roosevelt responded to the situation illustrated in the cartoon by

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proposing to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court

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The primary purpose of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy was to

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reduce United States military intervention in Latin America

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The federal government initiated the bracero program during WWII in an effort to

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address the urgent need for agricultural laborers

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The Dust Bowl experiences of the Oklahoma farmers during the Great Depression demonstrated the

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effect of geography on people's lives

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Which aspect of the New Deal programs was most clearly a continuation of Progressive Era policies?

answer

government regulation of business activities

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During President Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) were created as a way to

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limit risks associated with savings and investments

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". . . I also ask this Congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds, to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations. Our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for them as well as for ourselves. They do not need man power, but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense. The time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash. We cannot, and we will not, tell them that they must surrender, merely because of present inability to pay for the weapons which we know they must have. . . ." — President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Annual Message to Congress, January 6, 1941 Which program was President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposing in this speech?

answer

Lend Lease Act

question

The principal goal of the United Nations has been to

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promote peaceful solutions to world problems

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During the New Deal, the main purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Acts was to

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increase farm income by controlling production

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The main idea of this 1937 cartoon about President Franklin Roosevelt is that the president is

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attempting to exercise too much influence over the Supreme Court

question

The Nuremberg War Crimes trials established the international legal precedent that

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individuals who violate human rights can be held responsible for their actions

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These posters were trying to convince Americans that winning World War II required

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the conservation of scarce resources

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The effectiveness of the New Deal in ending the Great Depression is difficult to measure because

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United States involvement in World War II rapidly accelerated economic growth

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"Let me assert [declare] my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself." —President Franklin D. Roosevelt, March 4, 1933 In his first inaugural address, President Franklin D. Roosevelt was warning the American people NOT to be discouraged by the effects of

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the Great Depression

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"...And then the dispossessed were drawn west from Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico; from Nevada and Arkansas families, tribes, dusted out, tractored out. Carloads, caravans, homeless and hungry; twenty thousand and fifty thousand and a hundred thousand and two hundred thousand. They streamed over the mountains, hungry and restless—restless as ants, scurrying to find work to do—to lift, to push, to pull, to pick, to cut—anything, any burden to bear, for food. The kids are hungry. We got no place to live. Like ants scurrying for work, for food, and most of all for land..." The movement of the people described in this passage was primarily the result of the

answer

effects of severe drought conditions on the Great Plains

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A major long-term result of the New Deal was that

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the government established a "safety net" to protect the poor

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• Battle of Saratoga (1777) • Battle of Gettysburg (1863) • Battle of Midway (1942) One way in which these battles are similar is that in each battle

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a United States victory was a turning point in the war

question

Which statement most accurately expresses the main idea of the cartoon?

answer

Actions by President Franklin D. Roosevelt threaten American democracy

question

This World War II poster recognizes the

answer

contributions of women to wartime defense

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In comparison to the earlier conferences at Casablanca and Teheran, the meetings at Yalta and Potsdam were more focused upon

answer

postwar issues

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In January 1932 Congress approved the formation of an independent government agency called the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC). The RFC was funded by the U.S. Treasury and was authorized to make loans to banks, railroads, life insurance companies, and other large businesses devastated by the Great Depression. President Herbert Hoover believed that funds disbursed through the RFC would eventually benefit the average citizen through job growth, higher wages, and the protection of bank accounts and insurance policies. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation is similar to later New Deal legislation in that

answer

gave direct relief payments to unemployed citizens

question

The National Industrial Recovery Act and the National Labor Relations Act are often cited as evidence that New Deal legislation

answer

sympathized with the interests of workers

question

Why was the United States called the "arsenal of democracy" in 1940?

answer

The United States provided much of the weaponry needed to fight the Axis powers

question

Which statement best explains the rise of totalitarianism governments in Europe during the 1930s?

answer

Many European nations were desperate for help in recovering from the depression and saw leaders like Hitler and Mussolini as the answer to their problems

question

Which best describes the goal of the Manhattan Project?

answer

The U.S. government program focused on the development of an atomic bomb

question

The policy of Cash and Carry, the Destroyers for Naval Bases Deal, and the Lend-Lease Act were all designed to

answer

aid the Allies without involving the United States in war

question

What common problem did farmers of the 1890s and farmers of the 1930s face?

answer

overproduction and falling crop prices

question

President Abraham Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus and President Franklin D. Roosevelt's executive order forcing Japanese Americans into internment camps both demonstrate that

answer

constitutional rights can be limited during times of war

question

Why did the federal government create this program in 1933?

answer

To provide jobs and improve the regional standard of living

question

The rulings of the Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), and Korematsu v. United States (1944) all demonstrated that the Supreme Court has

answer

sometimes failed to protect the rights of minorities

question

This photo entitled "Migrant Mother" was taken to represent

answer

a desperate, rural mother's struggle to provide for herself and her children

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"Some recent work... leads me to expect that the element of uranium may be turned into a new and important source of energy in the immediate future... This new phenomenon would... lead to the construction of bombs, and it is conceivable... that extremely powerful bombs of a new type could thus be constructed. A single bomb of this type, carried by a boat and exploded in a port, might very well destroy the whole port as well as some of the surrounding territory. However, such bombs might prove to be too heavy for transportation by air. In view of this situation, you may think it desirable to have some permanent contact between the Administration and the group of physicists working on chain reactions in America." —Albert Einstein Which of the following best describes the result of the letter above from Albert Einstein to Franklin D. Roosevelt as it relates to World War II?

answer

the establishment of a project in Los Alamos to develop the first atomic bomb

question

John Maynard Keynes argued that in order for a nation to recover from economic depression, the government

answer

had to spend federal money obtained through borrowing

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Which statement best explains why the United States mainland suffered minimal physical damage in both World War I and World War II?

answer

Geographic location kept the United States protected from most of the fighting

question

Most historians would argue that the recommendations of Washington's address ceased to have a significant influence on United States foreign policy as a result of

answer

involvement in the Second World War

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"Arms Sales to Warring Nations Banned" "Americans Forbidden to Travel on Ships of Warring Nations" "Loans to Nations at War Forbidden" "War Materials Sold Only on Cash-and-Carry Basis" These headlines from the 1930s reflect the efforts of the United States to

answer

avoid participation in European wars

question

Which nations are represented by the two birds in this cartoon?

answer

US and Germany

question

After the election of 1932, a friend told President Franklin D. Roosevelt that if he succeeded he would go down in history as the greatest American President. Roosevelt replied, "Yet if I fail, I may be the last one." This response reflected President Roosevelt's belief that the

answer

Great Depression threatened the people's faith in democracy

question

Which action is an example of international appeasement?

answer

Great Britain and France agreeing to Hitler's demand for part of Czechoslovakia

question

The picture above is an iconic image from World War II and symbolizes which of the following?

answer

the millions of women who joined the workforce in heavy industry

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How About It, Dixie The President's Four Freedoms Appeal to me. I would like to see those Freedoms Come to be. If you believe In the Four Freedoms, too, Then share 'em with me— Don't keep 'em all for you.... Looks like by now Folks ought to know It's hard to beat Hitler Protecting Jim Crow. Freedom's not just To be won Over There. It means Freedom at home, too— Now—right here! — Langston Hughes, 1942 In this poem, what is Langston Hughes's criticism about United States foreign policy during World War II?

answer

Claims of fighting for democracy abroad are inconsistent with segregation at home

question

Which generalization most accurately describes the literary works of Langston Hughes, Sinclair Lewis, and John Steinbeck?

answer

Literature often reflects the times in which it is created

question

What did President Franklin Roosevelt focus on during his First Hundred Days?

answer

regulating banks to solve the root causes of the economic crisis

question

The entrance of the United States into World War II was preceded by

answer

American aid to help Great Britain defend itself against German aggression

question

The D-Day invasion in June 1944 was important to the outcome of WWII because it

answer

opened a new Allied front in Europe

question

"The peace-loving nations must make a concerted effort in opposition to those violations of treaties and those ignorings of humane instincts which today are creating a state of international anarchy and instability from which there is no escape through mere isolation or neutrality. "Those who cherish their freedom and recognize and respect the equal right of their neighbors to be free and live in peace, must work together for the triumph of law and moral principles in order that peace, justice and confidence may prevail in the world. There must be a return to a belief in the pledged word, in the value of a signed treaty. There must be recognition of the fact that national morality is as vital as private morality." - President Roosevelt, Quarantine Speech, 1937 The ideas expressed in the excerpt differed from the prevailing United States approach to foreign policy issues primarily in that Roosevelt was

answer

arguing to expand the role of the United States in the world

question

What was one effect of the Wagner Act (1935)?

answer

Employers were prohibited from interfering in workers' efforts to unionize

question

How did the United States' goal in World War II differ from its goal in World War I?

answer

The United States fought for unconditional surrender

question

Which statement best completes the diagram above?

answer

Buying stock on margin

question

Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? They used to tell me I was building a dream and so I followed the mob. When there was earth to plow or guns to bear, I was always there, right on the job. They used to tell me I was building a dream With peace and glory ahead — Why should I be standing in line, just waiting for bread? Once I built a railroad, I made it run, Made it race against time. Once I built a railroad, now it's done — Brother, can you spare a dime? . . . Once in khaki suits, gee, we looked swell Full of that Yankee Doodle-de-dum. Half a million boots went slogging through hell, And I was the kid with the drum. . . . — E. Y. Harburg and J. Gorney, 1932 Which statement most accurately expresses the main idea of this song?

answer

Hard times threaten economic opportunity

question

A major impact of New Deal legislation has been

answer

a stronger link between the national and local levels of government

question

The New Deal programs of President Franklin Roosevelt changed the US economy by

answer

increasing government involvement with both business and labor

question

"It was a masterful move by a masterful politician; a perfect example of how a leader can use technological advancement to his advantage. For the first time a president could speak to citizens as they sat in their own living rooms. He could encourage, inspire, console, and inform them all at one time. And he could make sure that his take on things was the take they got." To what is this quote is most likely referring?

answer

Franklin D. Roosevelt's fireside chats

question

"Yesterday, December 7, 1941—a date that will live in infamy." —President Franklin Roosevelt, December 8, 1941 What was President Roosevelt referring to in his speech?

answer

the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor

question

This satirical cartoon expresses a sentiment that eventually contributed to

answer

the ratification of a constitutional amendment establishing term limits for presidents

question

What is one ongoing result of the New Deal?

answer

People can rely more on the federal government during times of economic distress

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