unit 4 test - Flashcards with Answers

question

True or false: The triceps bursa is the most frequently injured bursa in the elbow because it is so superficial and at risk for direct trauma.

answer

false

question

Most elbow dislocations result from falling on an outstretched hand and result in the ulna and radius dislocating:

answer

posteriorly

question

true or false: Restoring normal range of motion is crucial early in elbow rehabilitation.

answer

true

question

The motions of the elbow joint are:

answer

flexion and extension

question

true or false: Pronator teres syndrome involves entrapment of the ulnar nerve.

answer

false

question

true or false: Ten to 25 percent of young pitchers develop little league elbow as a result of the repetitive stress caused by throwing curve balls.

answer

false

question

true or false: Visually observing an elbow at a 45-degree angle of flexion will show the olecranon process and both humeral epicondyles in a straight horizontal line.

answer

false

question

Which of the following is NOT an elbow flexor? biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, flexor carpi ulnaris

answer

Flexor carpi ulnaris

question

The adolescent athlete who complains of sudden pain and locking of the elbow joint should be suspected of having:

answer

osteochondritis dissecans

question

true or false: Racquetball elbow, golfer's elbow, and javelin throwers elbow refer to a medial epicondylitis.

answer

true

question

What nerve innervates the main elbow extensors?

answer

radial

question

true or false: The radial collateral ligament does not attach to the radius, which is free to rotate.

answer

true

question

Lateral epicondylitis results from:

answer

repetitive extension of the wrist

question

true or false: Cubitus varus is an abnormality resulting in an increased carrying angle.

answer

false

question

Which nerve can become irritated secondary to cubitus valgus present at the elbow?

answer

ulnar

question

true or false: The distal end of the humerus forms two condyles: the lateral condyle is called the capitulum, and the medial condyle is called the trochlea.

answer

true

question

What nerve innervates the main elbow flexors?

answer

musculocutaneous

question

Which of the following conditions results from an injury to the brachial artery, usually associated with a supracondylar fracture of the humerus?

answer

Volkmann's contracture

question

true or false: Complications from an elbow dislocation include injury to the median and radial nerve, as well as the brachial artery.

answer

true

question

true or false: The spool-shaped capitulum fits into an articulating groove with the ulna.

answer

false

question

Possible complications of a supracondylar humeral fracture are muscle spasm, swelling, or bone pressure on the brachial artery which inhibit blood circulation to the forearm, wrist, and hand. This is a:

answer

Volkmann's contracture

question

true or false: In medial epicondylitis, passive movement of the wrist seldom elicits pain, although active movement does.

answer

true

question

true or false: An injury to the ulnar nerve usually results in parasthesia in the second and third digits.

answer

false

question

Which of the following is not a disorder associated with little league elbow?

answer

cubital tunnel syndrome

question

The motion(s) that occur at the radioulnar joint?

answer

pronation and supination

question

true or false: Strains to the elbow are usually caused by hyperextension forces.

answer

true

question

During rehabilitation of a posterior elbow dislocation which of the following phases would include the beginnings of PNF and DAPRE exercises?

answer

repair phase

question

true or false: Functional leg shortening is detected by taking a measurement from the medial malleoli and the anterior superior iliac spine of each leg.

answer

false

question

The main muscle(s) that allow(s) one to rise up from a seated position is (are) the:

answer

gluteus maximus

question

The most common site for stress fractures of the pelivs is in the:

answer

inferior pubic ramus

question

true or false: Avascular necrosis is a serious complication of hip dislocation in which the blood supply from the distal end of the femur is lost.

answer

true

question

A hip sprain is best revealed through the athlete's inability to:

answer

circumduct the thigh

question

A condition found mostly in boys between the ages of 10 and 17 that produces hip and knee pain during passive and active motion is:

answer

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

question

The normal angle of the femoral head is ____ degrees anterior to the long axis of the shaft of the femur and femoral condyles.

answer

15

question

true or false: An apophysis growth site should be radiographed to rule out an avulsion fracture or stress fracture if severe pain and disability are present.

answer

true

question

true or false: The femoral nerve divides into many branches to supply the thigh and lower leg.

answer

true

question

An injury that results from a blow to an inadequately protected iliac crest and produces an extremely handicapping injury is the:

answer

hip pointer

question

true or false: If the patient stands on one leg and the pelvis on the opposite side drops this means that there is adductor weakness.

answer

false

question

The Patrick test detects pathological conditions of:

answer

the hip and sacroiliac joint

question

true or false: Hamstring muscles function as decelerators of leg swing and commonly become injured when an athlete suddenly changes direction or starts to slow.

answer

true

question

In managing a hamstring strain, which of the following should be avoided?

answer

stretch by ballistic movements

question

true or false: Swollen lymph nodes may be an indication of an infection in the leg.

answer

true

question

Improper care of a thigh contusion leading to incomplete absorption of the hematoma, which later produces formation similar to cartilage or bone, is called:

answer

myositis ossificans traumatica

question

When an athlete walks into the athletic training room you notice that he/she is walking with the toe in. This could be a result of:

answer

femoral anteversion

question

Which of the following tests does not test for iliotibial band tightness and inflammation of the bursa overlying the lateral femoral condyle?

answer

Thompson's test

question

The major artery that supplies the entire lower limb is the:

answer

external iliac artery

question

true or false: The semitendinosus and semimembranosus both receive their nerve supply from the common peroneal branch of the sciatic nerve.

answer

false

question

An avascular necrosis of the femoral head seen in children 3 to 12 years of age is called:

answer

Legg-Perthes disease

question

The most common site for stress fractures of the femur is the femoral:

answer

neck

question

The Kendall and Thomas tests determine the extent of:

answer

flexion contractures

question

true or false: A ganglion is a herniation of the joint capsule or of the synovial sheath of a tendon; it is often thought of as a cyst structure.

answer

true

question

true or false: A colle's fracture is a fracture of the proximal end of the radius.

answer

false

question

true or false: A common nerve entrapment involves the median nerve getting compressed between the pisiform and hook of the hamate.

answer

false

question

true or false: The volar plate of the PIP joint is most commonly injured in sports as a result of a severe hyperextension force.

answer

true

question

Stenosing tenosynovitis of the first tunnel of the wrist through which the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus move is characteristic of:

answer

De Quervain's disease

question

true or false: Dislocations of the phalanges have a high rate of occurrence in sports and are caused mainly by a blow to the tip of the finger by a ball.

answer

true

question

true or false: The main symptom of forearm splints is a dull ache between the extensor muscles crossing the back of the forearm.

answer

true

question

Which of the following finger nail deformities results from thyroid problems?

answer

spooning

question

true or false: Gamekeeper's thumb involves forceful adduction of the proximal phalanx causing a sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament.

answer

false

question

true or false: Crossing the volar aspect of the carpal bones is the transverse carpal ligament, which serves as the roof to the carpal tunnel through which the median nerve passes.

answer

true

question

Which of the following conditions is due to a developmental abnormality of the wrist characterized by anatomic changes in the radius, ulna and carpal bones leading to palmar and ulnar wrist subluxation?

answer

Madelung deformity

question

Which bone in the wrist is most commonly dislocated?

answer

Lunate

question

A deformity caused by a rupture of the extensor tendon over the middle phalanx is called:

answer

Boutonniere deformity

question

true or false: All of the flexor muscles of the forearm are supplied by the median nerve.

answer

false

question

true or false: The concave surface of the radius and ulna articulate with the convex surfaces of the scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, and pisiform bones.

answer

false

question

Tapping over the transverse carpal ligament tests for:

answer

carpal tunnel syndrome

question

true or false: A Bennett's fracture occurs from forced axial loading and abduction of the thumb and treatment of choice is casting of the thumb/forearm.

answer

false

question

true or false: A sprain is the most common wrist injury and is the most poorly managed sports injury in most cases.

answer

true

question

true or false: Tenosynovitis most commonly affects the flexors of the forearm and wrist.

answer

false

question

A wrist fracture resulting from the radius and ulna being forced backward and upward (hyperextension), is called a:

answer

Colles' fracture

question

true or false: A blow to the end of the finger that avulses the extensor tendon from its insertion is called a mallet finger.

answer

true

question

Severe point tenderness in the anatomical "snuffbox" may indicate a fracture of which bone?

answer

scaphoid

question

Extension of the thumb and fingers test damage to which nerve:

answer

radial

question

A sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament of the MCP joint of the thumb caused by forceful abduction of the proximal phalanx is called:

answer

gamekeeper's thumb

question

Which of the following is the most common cause of wrist sprains?

answer

forced hyperextension

question

The postural position resulting in hip extension from an anterior shift of the pelvis is called:

answer

swayback

question

Most serious cervical injuries in football result from purposeful:

answer

axial loading as a result of spearing

question

If a straight leg raise causes pain between 70 and 90 degrees, which of the following problems is indicated?

answer

sacroiliac joint involvement

question

75% of back flexion occurs at the joint between:

answer

L5-S1

question

Which of the following cervical tests is positive if dizziness and nystagmus are present?

answer

vertebral artery test

question

Which lumbar vertebra is most likely to slip as a result of spondylolisthesis?

answer

L5

question

A syndrome characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal that can impinge the spinal cord resulting in burning and tingling bilaterally is known as:

answer

spinal stenosis

question

When doing traction on the lumbar spine it should be done for at least _____ minutes, _____ times a week.

answer

30, 5

question

The outer periphery of the intervertebral disk composed of strong fibrous tissue is called the:

answer

annulus fibrosus

question

Asymmetrical hip levels are indicative of what type of injury?

answer

sacroiliac sprain

question

The bowstring test is used to determine:

answer

irritation of the sciatic nerve

question

Which of the following tests is NOT used to assess sacroiliac joint dysfunction?

answer

FADIR

question

Which of the following tests is performed supine?

answer

Kernig's test

question

Sports movements that characteristically hyperextend the lumbar spine are likely to cause:

answer

spondylolysis

question

Adolescents engaging in sports such as gymnastics and swimming are prone to accentuation of the kyphotic curve and backache common to:

answer

Scheuermann's disease

question

Axial loading combined with flexion of the cervical vertebrae from a force to the top of the head could lead to a fracture of which vertebrae?

answer

C5-C6

question

Which of the following is (are) sign(s) of cervical neck fracture?

answer

all of the above

question

Which of the following portions of the spine have a convex curve anteriorly?

answer

cervical, lumbar

question

The most discernible difference between a cervical dislocation and a cervical fracture is:

answer

position of the neck

question

Degeneration of vertebral epiphyseal end plates is seen in:

answer

Scheuermann's disease

question

The major muscle of back extension is the:

answer

erector spinae

question

Which of the following symptoms are not indicative of a serious eye injury?

answer

excessive watering of the eye

question

Which portion of the ear is formed by the temporal bone and is responsible for transportation of auditory impulses to the brain?

answer

labyrinth

question

true or false: If a facial laceration occurs at the brow line, the eye brow should be shaved off in order to afford better closure of the wound.

answer

false

question

true or false: The balance error scoring system (BESS) is a quantifiable clinical test which is recommended over the romberg test for assessing an athletes balance.

answer

true

question

An athlete who starts to exhibit symptoms of giddiness, attention difficulties, anxiety, and headaches hours or days after a collision may be considered to have:

answer

postconcussion syndrome

question

true or false: most common fracture of the face is the mandibular fracture

answer

false

question

When testing for balance, if an athlete is unable to keep eyes closed and is unable to maintain balance is considered to have a:

answer

positive Romberg's sign

question

true or false: Two commonly used cognitive tests are serial 7's and naming the months in reverse order.

answer

true

question

After the head is struck, the brain continues to move in the fluid and may be contused against the opposite side, causing this type of injury:

answer

contrecoup

question

true or false: Following a cerebral injury, an athlete may be returned to competition even if he or she has a slight headache as long as other neurological and vasomotor functions are normal.

answer

false

question

Which of the following can occur if an athlete who has sustained a previous concussion, is returned to play prior to resolution of symptoms, and receives another head injury?

answer

second-impact syndrome

question

An athlete who has a bleeding fractured tooth should be managed in the following way:

answer

continue to play and see the dentist after the competition

question

true or false: A cerebral contusion is a focal injury that commonly occurs as a result of the head striking the floor.

answer

true

question

Which dental condition is characterized by loosening of the teeth, recession of the gingiva and infection?

answer

peridontitis

question

true or false: The common mechanism of injury for mandibular luxation involves a blow to the side while the mouth is closed.

answer

false

question

Which of the following can be prevented by using a solution of 3% boric acid and alcohol?

answer

otitis externa

question

true or false: When removing something from the eye, the athlete should not rub the eye, but instead should pull the top lid over the bottom lid causing the eye to tear, which may flush out the object.

answer

true

question

true or false: The mandating of mouth guards in football has decreased the number of dental injuries and all contact/collision athletes should wear one.

answer

true

question

true or false: Cerebrospinal fluid is contained between the dura mater and arachnoid and acts as a cushion, helping to diminish the transmission of shocking forces.

answer

false

question

According to Cantu, when is an individual who has suffered from his/her first Grade 2 concussion allowed to return to play?

answer

asymptomatic for 1 week

question

true or false: Acute conjunctivitis is extremely contagious and results in red, itchy, and watery eyes.

answer

true

question

When evaluating an unconscious athlete you would first:

answer

look for the possibility of impaired breathing

question

true or false: In second-impact syndrome, the athlete may receive a minor blow to the head, appear stunned, and then collapse in 15 seconds.

answer

true

question

Management of an avulsed tooth includes all the following EXCEPT:

answer

scrub the tooth with a sterile gauze pad to get the dirt off

question

true or false: Raccoon eyes are a common sign for a nasal fracture.

answer

false

question

true or false: The area of the mandible that is most frequently fractured is the area near the jaw's frontal angle.

answer

true

question

Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of mild head injury?

answer

Glascow Coma score of 10

question

true or false: In the case of a tooth luxation, the tooth should be moved into its normal position, if it can be done easily.

answer

true

question

true or false: A fracture of the larynx is indicated by an inability to breathe and expectoration of frothy blood.

answer

true

question

An orbital fracture of the eye:

answer

can result in double vision

question

true or false: Most common sign of a mandibular fracture is loss of normal occlusion.

answer

true

question

true or false: An acute subdural hematoma is caused by an arterial bleed and is a common cause of death in boxers.

answer

true

question

Which of the meninges is extremely delicate and attached to the spinal cord?

answer

arachnoid

question

true or false: A lateral force to the nose causes greater deformity than does a "straight on" blow.

answer

true

question

Which of the following describes the inability of an athlete to remember events after the injury has occurred?

answer

posttraumatic amnesia

question

Which of the following is used to detect a corneal abrasion?

answer

flourescien strip

question

true or false: A hyphema is a collection of blood within the anterior chamber of the eye.

answer

true

question

Which of the following eye injuries is painless and results in the athlete seeing floating specks, flashes of light and having blurred vision?

answer

detached retina

question

Which of the following is not descriptive of the temporomandibular joint?

answer

saddle shaped

question

The condition common to children with head injuries characterized by diffuse brain swelling, resulting in hyperemia or vascular engorgement.

answer

malignant brain edema

question

The thin bony substance that covers the root of the tooth is known as the:

answer

cementum

question

true or false: Naming the months of the year in reverse order is a commonly used on the field cognitive test.

answer

true

question

Which anatomical part of the eye is responsible for the production of tears?

answer

lacrimal glands

question

Of the three meninges, the outermost, consisting of a dense, fibrous, inelastic sheath that encloses the brain and cord, is the:

answer

dura mater

question

Which of the following conditions predisposes an athlete to injuries of the spleen?

answer

mononucleosis

question

true or false: A sign of a ruptured bladder is the athlete's desire but inability to urinate.

answer

true

question

A blow to the rib cage can contuse the:

answer

intercostal muscles

question

Hematuria in an athlete participating in contact or collision sports is a sign or symptom of:

answer

a kidney contusion

question

true or false: Hyperventilation occurs when an athlete is getting an inadequate amount of oxygen into his/her system and CO2 levels are too high.

answer

false

question

The main function(s) of the internal oblique muscles is (are):

answer

trunk flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation

question

The cephalic and caudal boundaries of the abdominal cavity are made up of the:

answer

diaphragm and pelvis

question

Abdominal rigidity and pain at McBurney's point may indicate:

answer

appendicitis

question

true or false: Men are more susceptible to injury of their reproductive organs than females because of the lack of protection.

answer

true

question

Which of the following results in cardiac arrest due to blunt traumatic impact to the chest?

answer

commotio cordis

question

In managing a scrotal contusion, the first responsibility is to:

answer

reduce testicular spasm

question

A direct blow to the anterolateral aspect of the thorax, or a sudden twist, or falling on the ball, can compress the rib cage and can result most often in a:

answer

costochondral separation

question

true or false: Constant uncontrolled movement of the breast over a period of time can stretch Poupart's ligament, which supports the breast at the chest wall.

answer

false

question

Any athlete who receives a severe blow to the abdomen or back region should be instructed to check for:

answer

blood in the urine

question

Getting the "wind knocked out" of you is characteristic of a:

answer

blow to the solar plexus

question

The external oblique muscle has a line of action that runs:

answer

forward and downward

question

true or false: In sports injuries of the abdomen the hollow organs are most often affected.

answer

false

question

true or false: One way to prevent injury to hollow organs is to empty them prior to competition.

answer

true

question

true or false: It is not possible to fracture a rib by coughing or sneezing.

answer

false

question

A protrusion of the abdominal viscera through a portion of the abdominal wall is called a(n):

answer

hernia

question

true or false: In a rib contusion, pain is felt only on inspiration.

answer

false

question

The organ that serves as a reservoir of red blood cells and a destroyer of ineffective red cells is the:

answer

spleen

question

Which of the following can be used as a treatment for a stitch in the side?

answer

stretch arm on the affected side overhead

question

true or false: The peritoneum envelops the kidneys.

answer

false

question

true or false: Traumatic asphyxia demands immediate rescue breathing.

answer

true

question

true or false: An indirect rib fracture can cause the most serious damage, because the bone fragments often displace inwardly rather than simply compressing on each other.

answer

false

question

Twisting of the spermatic cord may present the characteristic of:

answer

Appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum

question

true or false: Percussion over a hollow organ will produce a tympanic sound.

answer

true

question

The solid organs, which are contained in the abdominal viscera, consist of the:

answer

kidneys, spleen, liver, adrenal glands, and pancreas

question

A condition in which the pleural cavity becomes filled with air that has entered through an opening in the chest is called:

answer

pneumothorax

question

true or false: An athlete who is diagnosed with mononucleosis may engage in guarded contact if properly protected.

answer

false

question

Which of the following is a complication of a ruptured appendix?

answer

bacterial infection

question

The condition in which an athlete takes a violent blow or compression to the chest, without any accompanying rib fracture, and presents with severe pain during breathing, coughing up of blood, and shock is known as:

answer

hemothorax

question

true or false: The appendix can be palpated in the lower left quadrant of the abdomen.

answer

false

question

true or false: A "stitch in the side" is often caused by a blow to the sympathetic celiac plexus producing a cramplike pain over the diaphragm.

answer

false

question

Repeated stress on the pubic symphysis and adjacent bony structures by the pull of muscles in the area causes:

answer

osteitis pubis

question

results from a rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon:

answer

jersey finger

question

an athlete complains of burning and tingling or paresthesia to the fourth and fifth fingers, which may indicate damage to this structure:

answer

ulnar nerve

question

the greatest number of upper humeral fractures occurs at:

answer

surgical neck

question

the scapula fossa that articulates with the humerus is deepened by an additional structure called the:

answer

glenoid labrum

question

contusions to the distal end of the clavicle are called:

answer

shoulder pointers

question

trauma to the helix fossa, or concha of the ear, that results in tearing of the overlying tissue from the cartilaginous plate and results in fluid accumulation is commonly referred to as:

answer

auricular hematoma (cauliflower ear)

question

bright red frothy blood being vomited may indicate injury to which structure:

answer

stomach

question

winging of only one scapula indicates an injury to this nerve:

answer

long thoracic nerve

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