Unit 4 Study Guide: Judicial Branch
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Who establishes federal courts?
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Congress
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What is the role of District Courts?
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Trials are held and lawsuits begin
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What is the role of Appellate courts?
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The authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court
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What type of jurisdiction do District courts have?
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Original Jurisdiction
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Original Jurisdiction?
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The authority to hear a court case for the first time
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What type of jurisdiction do Appellate courts have?
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Appellate Jurisdiction
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Appellate Jurisdiction?
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The authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court
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Who presides over the District Courts?
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Appellate Courts
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Who presides over Appellate Courts?
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Supreme Court
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What are some special types of district courts?
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The Court of International Trade and the US Court of Federal Claims
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What are 3 forms an appellate court decision may take?
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Uphold the original decision, reverse the original decision, or remand the case
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Remand the case?
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Send the case back to district court to be tried again
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How are federal judges selected?
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Selected by the President, approved by the Senate
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How long do federal judges serve?
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For life
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What is the role of magistrate judges?
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Take care of routine work (issuing search and arrest warrants)
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What is the role of US attorneys?
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Prosecute people accused of breaking federal law
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What is the role of US marshals?
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Make arrests, take convicted people to prison, protect jurors, serve legal papers and subpoenas
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Subpoenas?
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An order requiring someone to appear in cour
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What article created the Supreme Court?
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Article 3
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How many justices are there?
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9
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How are justices selected?
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Selected by the President and approved by the Senate
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How long do Justices serve?
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For life
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How can they lose their jobs?
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Impeachment
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Who is the current Chief Justice?
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John Roberts
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Who was the first African American Justice?
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Thurgood Marshall
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Who was the first female Justice?
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Sandra Day O'Conner
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Who was the first Hispanic Justice?
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Sonia Sotomayer
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What does the Supreme Court actually do?
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They interpret laws
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Docket?
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a calendar or list of cases for trial
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What happens during the Written Arguments stage?
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Lawyers from each side write briefs
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Brief?
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An explanation of their position in writing
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What happens during the Oral Arguments stage?
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Lawyers form each side have 30 minutes to argue their case
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What happens during the Conference stage?
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Justices meet to discuss the case and make a decision
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What happens during the Opinion Writing stage?
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Justices write their decision
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what are the 3 types of opinions?
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Majority, concurring, and dissenting opinion
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What is Judicial Review?
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The power of the Supreme Court to declare a law or act unconstitutional
