Unit 3 – Networks Example
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network
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links things together
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communication network
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links devices so that data and information can be shared among them
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PAN
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Personal Area Network - connects smart devices or consumer electronics within a range of about 30 feet
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LAN
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Local Area Network - data communication networks that connect personal computers within a very limited geographical area
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WAN
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Wide Area Network - covers a large geographical area and usually consist of several smaller networks that connect different computers on a variety of platforms.
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communication channel
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the medium used to transport information from one network device to another
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wired channels
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transport data through wires and cables
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wireless channels
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transport data from one device to another without the use of cables or wires
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RF signals
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Radio waves - typically used for bluetooth devices
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microwaves
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another option for transporting data wirelessly, but can be aimed in a single direction
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bandwidth
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is the transmission capacity of a communication channel
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topology
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refers to the structure and layout of network components such as computers, connecting cables, and wireless signal paths Example: Point to Point, Star, Mesh, and Bus
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node
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any device on a network
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DTE
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Data Terminal Equipment - any device on a network
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router
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a device that controls the flow of data within a network
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modem
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contains circuitry that converts the data-carrying signals from a digital device to signals that can travel over other communication channels
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communication protocol
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a set of rules for efficiently transmitting data from one network node to another
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handshaking
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2 devices on a network negotiating their communication protocols
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protocol stack
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networks that use more one set protocols
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ARPANET
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created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, the Stanford Research Institute, the University of Utah and the University of California at Santa Barbara
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internet governance
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a set of shared protocols, procedures, and technologies that evolve through common agreement among network providers
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ICANN
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the organization that supervises Internet addressing
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Internet infrastructure
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the way networks fit together
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Tier 1 Networks
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Such as At&t, CenturyLink, and Verizon who own and maintain millions of dollars data communication equipment
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Tier 2 Networks
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Such as Comcast and Merit, pay a fee to connect to Tier 1 networks
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Tier 3 Networks
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Such as Midwest Cellular, Business Networks, Home Networks, and Education Institutions - end user who pays fees for connection services
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packet
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is a parcel of data that is sent across a computer network
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circuit switching
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establishes a dedicated private link between one telephone and another for the duration of the call
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packet switching
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divides a message into several packets that can be routed independently to their destination.
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IPv4
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Internet Protocol version 4 - uses 32 bit addresses
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IPv6
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Internet Protocol version 6 - uses 128 bits for each addresses
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IP Address
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is an identifiable name for a specific computer on a network often pronounced TCPIP
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static IP Address
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Devices who have a permanently assigned IP address
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dynamic IP addresses
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are temporarily assigned IP address, for when the device is turned "on".
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domain name
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easy to remember name for the IP address like nike.com
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domain name system
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the mechanism for tracking domain names
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domain name servers
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servers that are scattered around the world that maintain lists of all domain names
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connection speed
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the amount of data that can be transmitted in a specified time
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latency
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is the elapsed time for data to make a round-trip from point A to point B
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ping
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is a utility software designed to measure responsiveness
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ping rate
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indicates how quickly data can reach a server and bounce back to you.
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ethernet
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is a wired network technology deployed in 1976
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Wi-Fi
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a set of wireless networking technologies (designs consist of a mesh design or star configuration)
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wireless encryption
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scrambles the data transmitted between wireless devices and then unscrambles the data on devices that have the encryption key
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Guest network
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essentially a second network that you can configure on your LAN's router
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file sharing
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allows files to be accessed from computer other than the one on which they are stored
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network discovery
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is a setting that affects whether your computer can see other devices
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permissions
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specify how shared files can be used
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FTP
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file transfer protocol
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BitTorrent
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is a file sharing protocol that distributes the role of a file serve across a collection of dispersed computers
