Unit 2 Biochemistry Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Carbohydrate
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A nutrient made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that supplies energy.
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Lipid
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nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes fats and oils.
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Protein
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Large organic molecule made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. Used to make body tissue.
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Nucleic Acid
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a long chain of smaller molecules called nucleotides; DNA and RNA
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Amino Acid
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Building blocks of protein
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Catalyst
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a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
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Enzyme
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A biological catalyst that lowers the activation energy of reactions in cells
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Glucose
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A monomer of carbohydrate, simple sugar with the formula C6H12O6
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Macromolecule
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large molecules that are formed by joining smaller organic molecules together
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Metabolize
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To change food into a form that can be used in the body
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Monomer
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A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
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Products
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Ending materials in a chemical reaction.
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Nucleotide
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monomer of nucleic acids
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Reactants
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A starting material in a chemical reaction
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Substrate
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the reactant an enzyme acts on
