Unit 1 Art TEST - Flashcards

question

The self-portrait of the Dutch artist Rembrandt stolen from the Swedish National Museum was one of many that the artist painted on copper. True or False?

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False

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Which of the following can be considered part of visual culture?

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television commercials comic books roadside billboards oil paintings ALL OF THE ANSWERS

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Even though Jeff Koons did not make this with his own hands, it is considered his work because ________.

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He designed it

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The work now known as the Watts Towers was in fact given a different title by its creator. That title was ________.

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Nuestro Pueblo

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The original painting of the Virgin of Guadalupe is housed in a basilica at the base of Tepeyac hill, Mexico, but many people keep their own image of her at home or in their vehicle. True or False?

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True

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Why do we presume that this head of a woman was made for someone wealthy?

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because it was made from a rare ivory

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José de Rivera's sculpture Infinity can be described as non-objective because its subject matter is ________.

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unrecognizable

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Gustav Klimt's portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer was famous partly because it was ________.

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looted by the Nazi's

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David Hockney emphasized the figure of Peter Schlesinger in his artwork Portrait of an Artist (Pool with two figures), using:

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scale: Peter appears to be taller than the hills in the background color: Peter's red jacket stands out implied line: the edges of the pool seem to point toward Peter none of the other answers ALL OF THE ANSWERS

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Girl with a Pearl Earring was painted by this Dutch artist.

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Johannes Vermeer

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The pose, facial expression, and landscape background of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa communicate to the viewer a mood of ________.

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calm and introspection

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Louise Nevelson's work White Vertical Water is made of ________.

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painted wood

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Which element is considered the most fundamental element that an artist uses?

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Lines are the most fundamental element artists use.

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In a two-dimensional work, when the figure becomes the background and the background becomes the figure, we perceive ________.

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a figure-ground reversal

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By orienting lines so that they attract attention to a specific area of a work of art the artist is using ________.

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directional line

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This type of shape is composed of unpredictable, irregular lines.

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organic

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In his drawing of the Church of Saint Spirito, Dosio used line to accentuate the patterned surface of the ceiling and differentiate it from the ________.

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walls

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The artist Dosio, in his drawing of the Church of Saint Spirito, created an impression of three dimensions by using line to show the division between ________.

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planes

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The elements of art form the basic ________ of art.

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vocabulary

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The French artist André Masson wished to explore the psychological source of creativity through his "automatic" ink drawings of ________ lines.

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irregular

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The positive and negative shapes in M. C. Escher's print Sky and Water I balance each other and are an example of ________.

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figure-ground reversal

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The sphere that designer Saul Bass created for the AT&T logo is not defined by a continuous boundary. This type of shape, which can be suggested by dots or lines that do not connect, is termed ________ shape.

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an implied

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Henri Matisse drew Woman Seated in an Armchair using ________ line so that he could represent her figure with great economy while being descriptive.

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contour

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One definition of this element is "a mark that connects two points."

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line

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Mel Bochner used ________ line in the work Vertigo because it is controlled and measured.

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regular

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The oldest museum in America, the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, was founded in:

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1805

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When conducting a formal analysis of a work of art, you would probably want to consider the artist's use of:

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scale emphasis color texture ALL OF THE ANSWERS

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The medium of Marc Quinn's Self is:

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the artist's own blood

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Agnolo Bronzino's portrait Eleonora di Toledo and Her Son Giovanni conveys a sense of:

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luxury high status power wealth ALL OF THE ANSWERS

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Niagara Falls was a popular subject for North American artists in the second half of the nineteenth century, because it symbolized:

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grandeur the beauty and power of nature America's territorial expansion the presence of God in nature ALL OF THE ANSWERS

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In a 1941 drawing the British artist Barbara Hepworth used line to plan a ________.

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sculpture

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In Francisco Goya's The Third of May, 1808, the artist used a variety of actual and implied lines to attract attention to specific points within the composition. Lines that draw the viewer's attention in this way are known as ________ lines.

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directional

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The principles of design are a kind of ________ that artists apply to the elements of art.

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grammar

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A line that gives viewers the impression that they are seeing a line where there is not a continuous mark is ________.

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an implied line

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If vertical lines communicate strength, horizontals calm, and diagonals action, then a vacation resort might want to choose a logo consisting of ________ lines in order to show peaceful repose.

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horizontal

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The Dutch design team Sauerkids used ________ lines of dots and dashes in its work to create exciting visual rhythms.

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implied

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Some Jewish texts create images using this kind of line made up of small letters.

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implied line

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In her work Object, a fur-lined teacup and saucer, the Swiss artist Méret Oppenheim employed subversive texture to contradict conscious logical experience. She belonged to the ________ art movement, which drew on ideas and images from dreams and the unconscious mind.

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Surrealists

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These four visual elements of art—form, volume, mass, and texture—are present in ________ works of art.

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three-dimensional

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In the Roettgen Pietà from fourteenth-century Germany, the shrunken, twisted body of Jesus and the oversized, anguished head of Mary are accentuated for expressive effect. This distortion of the human body, ________ form that we can all understand, makes the viewer feel uneasy and impresses on us the suffering of mother and son.

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an organic

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The visual impact of the Olmec sculpture of a colossal head is directly related to its mass. True or False?

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True

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A two-dimensional object is called a shape, and a three-dimensional object is known as a ________.

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form

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Forms such as pyramids, which tend to be precise and regular, are known as ________ forms.

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geometric

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The sculpture of the Great Sphinx stands as a symbolic guardian of the pyramids at Giza. The ancient Greek definition of a sphinx was a mythological creature whose features were:

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the body of a lion, the wings of an eagle, and the head of a man

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Méret Oppenheim was part of an art movement that rejected rational, conscious thought. Her fur-lined teacup and saucer, Object, conjures an unexpected and illogical sensation for the viewer by using ________ texture.

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subversive

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The ________ texture of Anish Kapoor's sculpture Cloud Gate is appealing for viewers to touch.

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smooth

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An upright stone that has an incised relief on its surface, such as the Maya sculpture, is known as ________.

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a stela

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When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture.

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actual

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A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________.

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relief

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Vladimir Tatlin's Monument to the Third International was intended as a heroic symbol commemorating the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. If it had been built, it would have been much smaller than the Eiffel Tower. True or False?

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False

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The organic form and abstract quality of Lino Tagliapietra's sculpture, Batman, allow it to express the idea of ________.

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freedom and life

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________ volume is a space that is enclosed by materials that are not entirely solid.

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an open

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A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________.

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nearly every angle

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In the Roettgen Pietà from fourteenth-century Germany, the artist ________ the organic forms of the bodies of Mary and Jesus in order to express pain and suffering.

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distorted

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Because it is three-dimensional, a form has these three spatial measurements: height, width, and ________.

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depth

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A sculpture that can be viewed from more than one side and that occupies space in the same way as other real-life objects is called a ________ sculpture.

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freestanding

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This type of relief, which takes its name from the French word for low, does not imply great depth.

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bas-relief

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The painter Thomas Hart Benton varied the intensity of the color green in The Wreck of the Ole '97 to help the viewer feel at a safe distance from the train wreck. True or False?

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True

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The video game Transistor uses ________ perspective.

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isometric

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The chiaroscuro method uses five defined values: cast shadow, reflected light, core shadow, light, and ________.

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highlight

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This Italian artist used two-point combined with one-point perspective in his painting The School of Athens.

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Raphael

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This system, which derives its name from the Greek meaning "equal measure," uses diagonal parallel lines to communicate depth.

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isometric perspective

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An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be ________.

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closer

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If an artist were to draw a figure whose arm was pointing directly toward the viewer, what technique would the artist have to use when drawing the outstretched arm?

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foreshortening

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Kindred Spirits by Asher Brown Durand uses the effects of ________ to give a sense of the vastness of the American landscape.

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atmospheric perspective

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In the DC Comics image of Superman, the figure is portrayed at an extreme angle. This ________ view creates an unusual perspective and grabs the viewer's attention.

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foreshortened

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Ascending and Descending, by M. C. Escher, uses ________ perspective.

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three-point

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One-point perspective does convey depth, but it has limited applications due to its reliance on a single ________.

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vanishing point

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The Belgian Surrealist artist ________ created The Treachery of Images, a work that calls our attention to the illusionary characteristics of painting.

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René Magritte

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In addition to alternating value, Fan Kuan's Travelers among Mountains and Streams uses this process to give the viewer a sense that some areas are closer than others.

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changing visual texture

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This is the area that is visible when a viewer is staring at a fixed point in space.

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cone of vision

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The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________.

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value

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Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.

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three-dimensional

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When using a series of squares that are exactly the same shape, implied depth can be achieved by ________.

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alternating value overlapping relative position relative size ALL OF THE ANSWERS

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When objects are far away they lack contrast, detail, and sharpness of focus because of the interference of air. Artists take advantage of this when they use the process called:

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atmospheric perspective

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Renaissance artists used a camera obscura to help them understand the basic tenets of linear perspective. Camera obscura is a Latin phrase. What is the closest English translation?

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dark room

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The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________.

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hatching

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Because a form exists in "real" space, we can experience it not only visually, but also through our sense of ________.

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touch

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Our experience of objects in the natural world often leads us to assume that a large object will be heavy, but in fact this is not necessarily the case. This element of art is called ________.

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mass

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The artist David Smith created sculptures of geometric forms. In his work Cubi XIX, Smith used the following geometric shapes:

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cuboids

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The visual impact of the Olmec sculpture of a colossal head is directly related to its mass. True or False?

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True

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Forms that tend to be irregular, and similar to naturally occurring objects, are known as ________ forms.

answer

organic

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Sculptors Ralph Helmick and Stuart Schechter experimented with open volume when they created this hanging sculpture, installed in the Evanston Public Library in Illinois.

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Ghostwriter

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Marisol was commissioned to create a sculpture of the Catholic missionary Father Damien. A stout figure in heavy bronze, the statue possesses a weighty ________ that communicates the strong beliefs and courageous determination of the priest.

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mass

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The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________.

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volume

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Masaccio was one of the first artists to use one-point perspective. In his large fresco, Trinity, the ________ is centered in the middle of the horizon line, directly ahead of the viewer.

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vanishing point

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Beda Stjernschantz was a member of the Symbolists, who were interested in the relationship between art and music. This was exemplified in a physiological condition known as ________, in which one of the body's senses translates the experience into another sense.

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synesthesia

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In order to create value in his drawing Head of a Satyr, Michelangelo used both hatching and ________, a variation where the lines overlap, allowing for the depiction of darker tones.

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cross-hatching

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When using a series of squares that are exactly the same shape, implied depth can be achieved by ________.

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alternating value relative position relative size overlapping ALL OF THE ANSWERS

question

This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of a three-dimensional solid form is called ________.

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chiaroscuro

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This type of perspective is used when an object is being viewed from an angle rather than from directly in front.

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two-point

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Several methods were used to create a sense of depth and the illusion of space in Beda Stjernschantz's Pastoral (Primavera). These processes for creating depth are called ________.

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isometric perspective POSITIONING linear perspective OVERLAPPING RELATIVE SIZE

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Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values.

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depth

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Color can be used for healing purposes. The ancient Persian philosopher Avicenna believed that looking at the color ________ had beneficial effects.

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blue

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In Vincent van Gogh's The Night Cafe, the colors in his work are not taken from life, but were chosen to bring forth emotional responses from viewers as well as himself. By choosing these colors, he:

answer

INTENSIFIES THE PAINTING'S LONELY ATMOSPHERE expresses a feeling of joy and happiness CONVEYS A STRONG FEELING OF UNEASE AND SORROW EXPRESSES HIS SENSE THAT THIS NIGHTSPOT HAD A DETRIMENTAL INFLUENCE ON ITS PATRONS

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Colors that are on opposite sides of the color wheel are radically different in wavelength and are called ________.

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complementary colors

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We see this type of color when the brain receives so much color information that it is forced to simplify what we perceive.

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optical color

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By distributing pink polka-dot trash bags, the New York artist, Adrian Kondratowicz, was able to _____________.

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elicit a positive emotion from his Harlem community

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The use of strong chromatic color in The Turning Road, L'Estaque by André Derain gives the work a feeling of ________.

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energy

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Paul Gauguin's use of the color ________ in his depiction of a crucified Christ enhances the work's connection with the seasons, and expresses a message of optimism and rebirth.

answer

yellow

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The element of art that describes the relative lightness or darkness of a hue, compared to another hue, is known as ________.

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value

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Most commercial color printing is achieved using three primary colors and black. These primaries are ________.

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cyan, magenta, and yellow

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An artwork that uses many hues but only one value is called monochromatic. True or False?

answer

False

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Physicists have explained that when we see a color, it is the portion of the light spectrum that a surface fails to ________.

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absorb

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We generally associate a color with its purest, most intense state, or its highest level of ________.

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saturation

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Colors that do not contrast strongly with each other, and which are similar in wavelength, are ________ colors.

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analogous

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A color that is lighter than its basic hue is known as a tint. A color that is darker than its basic hue is called a ________.

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shade

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The term used for referring to each of the basic colors of the spectrum is ________.

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hue

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Color associations vary by culture. For example, an American bride would probably wear white, while her Asian counterpart might wear ________.

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red

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The traditional primary colors are ________.

answer

red, yellow, and blue

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Why did the ceramist who created the underglaze-painted lamp from the Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, use green as one of the main colors?

answer

green has positive associations in Islamic art

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By using ________ color scheme in his painting Twilight in the Wilderness, Frederic Edwin Church intensified the drama of the vast natural landscape.

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a complementary

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When complementary colors are used next to each other in a composition, they produce a visual anomaly called simultaneous contrast. This visual effect makes the colors appear to ________ along the boundary where the two colors meet.

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vibrate

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________ in particular is an element of art that can engage the viewer and express a wide range of emotions.

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color

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A color that is almost gray has a ________ saturation.

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low

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This is the most vivid element of art and design.

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color

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The American artist Mark Tansey used ________ color palette when he painted his homage to Cubism titled Picasso and Braque.

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a monochromatic

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When a color is associated with hot or cold we refer to this as color ________.

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temperature

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Because additive color mixtures are made using light, they rely heavily on pigment. True or False?

answer

False

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The varying color tones in Ancient Sound by Paul Klee were intended to be associated with ________.

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music

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Color ________ can be relative to the other colors nearby. For example, violet can be warm if we see it next to a hot color like red, or cool if we see it next to a colder color like blue.

answer

temperature

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This artist, who created the work Cataract 3, used the natural movement of the human eye to create illusions of motion.

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Bridget Riley

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Motion is not the only indicator of the passage of time in art. ________ use the changing properties of organic material to create a sense of time passing in their art.

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Bioartists

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The elements of time and motion are not applicable to the art of photography. True or False?

answer

False

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Alexander Calder invented the ________, a type of suspended, balanced sculpture that uses air currents to power its movement.

answer

mobile

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The kind of motion that is created by showing a series of static images in quick succession is called ________.

answer

stroboscopic motion

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The sequence of photographs Dorothea Lange took of a migrant family in 1936 shows how photographers move around their subject and anticipate the right time to capture the image they seek. In this way, photography is still deeply concerned with the elements of ________ and time.

answer

motion

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Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________.

answer

time ... motion

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When painters in the workshop of the fifteenth-century artist known as the Master of Osservanza illustrated The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul, they solved the problem of how to ________ in a single painting by merging a series of episodes into one picture.

answer

tell a story

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This medium involves the human body and usually includes the artist.

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performance art

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Bernini's sculpture of Apollo and Daphne is based on a mythological story in which a god pursues a nymph. The artist used diagonal lines and flowing drapery to convey the ________ of the chase.

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movement

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When an artist employs visual clues to suggest movement in a work of art that is static and motionless, this is known as ________.

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implied motion

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Nancy Holt created this work, which intertwines the passage of time with the movement of the sun.

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Solar Rotary

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In his film Run Lola Run, Tom Tykwer extends the ________ of the storyline beyond the everyday passage of time by "rebooting" Lola's journey multiple times.

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scope

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When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called ________.

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the illusion of motion

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Disney's Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid succession. This medium is called ________.

answer

animation

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The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla illustrated the rapid movement of a dog running on a leash by painting a series of ________ in order to give the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens.

answer

repeating marks

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This spinning toy gives a sense of motion to a viewer when he or she looks through small slits in its cylindrical drum at a strip of changing pictures.

answer

zoetrope

question

The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla implied motion by repetition and inference in his work ________ of a Dog on a Leash.

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Dynamism

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This inventor co-created the film Fred Ott's Sneeze, which was one of the first American movies.

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Thomas Edison

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This kind of motion is occurring when we see movement in real life.

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actual motion

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This American novelist noted that the "aim of every artist is to arrest motion."

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William Faulkner

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This type of sculpture can move and change its visual form.

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kinetic

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When ________ colors are mixed, they make a duller and darker color because more of the visible spectrum is absorbed.

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subtractive

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Analogous color combinations can be used to create unity and steer viewers toward a particular attitude or emotion. Mary Cassatt's The Boating Party uses yellow, green, and blue hues to create a ________ and ________ composition.

answer

harmonious ... relaxed

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Cecilia Beaux's strong use of the color red in her self-portrait, which was commissioned for the prestigious Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy, may have been an expression of ________, related to an event that had happened before she started the project.

answer

pain

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Because additive color mixtures are made using light, they rely heavily on pigment. True or False?

answer

False

question

Henri Matisse was a member of the ________ movement, a group of artists who were especially focused on using color as intensely as they could.

answer

Fuave

question

The artist Vasily Kandinsky advocated the use of primary colors, which cannot be mixed from any other color combination. True or False?

answer

True

question

This object can be used to separate white light into the colors of the spectrum.

answer

prism

question

If a figure in an artwork has drapery billowing out behind it, and appears to have multiple feet in different positions, the viewer might assume that this figure is ________.

answer

running forwards

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Jenny Holzer created an illusion of motion using a spiraling electronic message board in this New York museum designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.

answer

Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum

question

Ron Lambert's sculptural work Sublimate (Cloud Cover) replicates the natural process of the water cycle to illustrate the ________.

answer

passage of time

question

This art movement of the 1960s relies on perceptual anomalies of the human eye to create dynamic effects.

answer

Op art

Unit 1 Art TEST – Flashcards

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