Understanding the American Promise Ch23 – Flashcards
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What was the purpose of the Dawes Plan, which was arranged by private sector diplomacy in 1924?
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To remedy Germany's severe debt crisis and end the French occupation of the Ruhr Valley
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What was an unintended consequence of prohibition in the 1920s?
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Increased lawlessness
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What issue spurred the Scopes trial of 1925?
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The legality of a state ban on teaching Charles Darwin's theory of evolution
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After the stock market crashed in October 1929, President Hoover responded by
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asking business and labor leaders to join in a voluntary plan for recovery.
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How did the Hoover administration respond to the World War I veterans who came to Washington, D.C., to ask for the immediate payment of their pension or bonus?
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The administration ordered the U.S. army to forcibly evict them from their camp on the edge of the city.
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The Five-Power Naval Treaty that emerged from the Washington Disarmament Conference earned President Harding acclaim for
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preserving the peace without forcing the United States to join the League of Nations.
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Which factor contributed to the dilution of women's political influence in the 1920s?
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Women came from all walks of society and held a wide range of political views.
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Which of the following describes the membership of the revived Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s?
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The KKK had a nationwide membership.
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What sort of president were Americans expecting Herbert Hoover to be based on his performance as head of the Food Administration under President Wilson?
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A successful president
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What accounted for the massive growth of the American Communist Party during the 1930s?
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Many Americans believed that capitalism had failed.
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What did the Harding administration undertake to restore national prosperity in the United States?
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High tariffs to protect American businesses
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Which of these statements characterizes the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921?
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It was the high point of women's political influence in the 1920s.
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What accounted for the expansion of the Ku Klux Klan beyond the South in the post-World War I era?
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It extended its targets beyond black Americans to immigrants, radicals, feminists, Catholics, and Jews.
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What became of Herbert Hoover's belief in the principles of self-reliance, industrial self-management, and limited federal government once he occupied the White House?
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Hoover's beliefs severely handicapped his ability to respond to the nation's economic problems during his term as president.
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How did white women who worked in service-sector industries fare during the Great Depression?
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Women were not hit as hard by unemployment as men in the steel and automobile industries.
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Which of these groups sponsored the Equal Rights Amendment in 1923?
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The National Woman's Party
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What was the goal of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)?
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African Americans' economic and political independence
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What did the outcome of the Sacco and Vanzetti trial suggest about the United States in the 1920s?
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Antiforeign hysteria was rampant in many areas of American life.
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What was the name of the plane that Charles Lindbergh flew in the first nonstop trans-Atlantic flight?
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The Spirit of St. Louis
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Which federal entity was charged with enforcing prohibition in the United States?
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The Treasury Department
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Who bankrolled the rapid growth of radio in the United States between 1922 and 1929?
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Advertisers who wanted to reach prospective customers in their own homes
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Which element of the American economy during the 1920s caused its fundamental lack of stability?
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Consumption
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How did rural dwellers of the 1920s perceive America's growing cities?
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As a menace to traditional values
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What was a consequence of the increased availability of the automobile in the 1920s?
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New businesses such as fast-food restaurants and motels emerged.
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Women who worked outside of the home in the 1920s
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had more but still limited opportunities.
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The scandals that plagued President Harding's administration
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touched the highest levels of government.
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During the 1920s, American culture changed as old notions of frugality were transformed by
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advertising.
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What was the purpose of welfare capitalism in the 1920s?
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To discourage industrial workers from forming traditional labor unions
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How did most whites who patronized Harlem institutions in the 1920s describe the neighborhood?
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As a black ghetto with a lively nightlife
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Which of the following factors proved to be Alfred Smith's greatest vulnerability as the Democratic presidential nominee in 1928?
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His Catholic faith
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What was the result of the changes on the assembly line and in manufacturing management in the 1920s?
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Much higher productivity and profits but only slightly higher wages
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What did the presidential election of 1924, in which Calvin Coolidge defeated John W. Davis and Robert La Follette, reveal about American voters' concerns?
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The voters rejected the principle that the state should lead in protecting the general welfare.
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What social change did the "speakeasies" of the 1920s introduce?
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The sexual integration of a formerly all-male drinking culture
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Which of the following describes the Scopes trial of 1925?
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It was the first trial to be carried live on the radio.
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How much of its value did the American stock market lose in the first six months after Black Tuesday?
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85 percent
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What were the "Hoovervilles" that sprang up in American cities during the early years of the Depression?
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Makeshift shantytowns created by homeless and unemployed people
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How did many Americans with small incomes satisfy their desire for consumer goods in the 1920s?
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They opted for buying goods on installment.
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How did the writers of the Lost Generation describe the United States of the 1920s?
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As blighted by cultural vapidity and greed
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Where did Democratic candidate Al Smith have his strongest showing in the election of 1928?
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In the cities
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President Hoover thought the American economy would recover more swiftly if he
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helped big businesses financially.
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Which of the following describes the focus of the Great Depression era's box office hits?
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Nostalgia and optimism about the future
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What philosophy guided American foreign policy during the 1920s?
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Rejection of Wilsonian internationalism with continued involvement with the world economically and politically
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What changes did Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon introduce to the nation's tax code in the 1920s?
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A tax cut for the wealthy
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How did the image of the "new woman" influence American society in the 1920s?
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The image affected all women, even those who believed in traditional gender roles.
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What was the significance of reporter H. L. Mencken's 1925 obituary for William Jennings Bryan, which flayed him as a "charlatan, a mountebank, a zany without shame or dignity"?
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Mencken's attitude revealed the disdain urban people felt for country people and their values.
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What characteristics defined the period Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover described as a "New Era" in 1920?
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A new, freewheeling economy and a heightened sense of individualism
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What was the essence of the 1928 Kellogg-Briand pact?
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A pledge to renounce war
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The nation's repudiation of Wilson's internationalism and its rejection of the League of Nations
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did not mean a retreat into isolationism.
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President Coolidge's policy toward big business was to
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use the government to help businesses, not restrain them.
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Why did Americans like Herbert Hoover as a presidential candidate in 1928?
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He appealed to morality
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What was Al Smith's largest vulnerability in the 1928 election?
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His religion
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What changed for Native Americans as a result of federal legislation in 1924?
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Native Americans became citizens of the United States.
