Understanding Quiz Chapter 9 – Flashcards
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Hailey is trying to lose weight. When she is hungry she finds it harder to resist chocolate than to resist hard candy. This is because for her, chocolate is a more powerful:
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incentive
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Social networking ___________ our connections to people we already know.
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strengthens
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Who is most likely to report that they experience emotions more deeply?
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women
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Nikolas is suspected of a crime and is asked to take a polygraph test. Although he is innocent, what are the chances that he will be falsely accused?
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These tests are inaccurate about one-third of the time.
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Alone in the house, Kathy hears a noise in the middle of the night. Her heart starts to pound, and she jumps out of bed trembling. If an emotional response is made up of physiological arousal, expressive behavior, and conscious experience, which reaction is missing from her description of the event?
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She feels fear.
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_____ refers to identification with others and the ability to imagine walking in their shoes.
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Empathy
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The assistant chief of police has decided to forego using the polygraph test on a suspect and will use a different technique to assess the suspect's physiological responses to crime-scene details. This is known as the:
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guilty knowledge test.
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Social networking tends to ___________ your true personality.
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reveal
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Tarek has many friends that are overweight. According to researchers about obesity, what hypothesis can you make about Tarek?
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Tarek is probably overweight as well.
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Maxine smells coffee brewing in the morning and, really, it is the only reason she is willing to get out of bed. In this situation, the coffee is a(n):
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incentive.
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Outward signs of emotion tend to _____ in different cultures.
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be the same
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Maia has plenty of food and lives in a nice house. Now, she feels she needs to find a lover or even a close friend or two with whom she can share her life. According to Abraham Maslow, what is motivating her?
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belongingness and love needs
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In a crowd of faces, researchers have found that people are quickest to detect a(n) ___________ face.
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angry
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By motivating a person to satisfy physical needs, hunger and thirst serve to:
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maintain homeostasis.
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Compared to the general population how much time do lonely people spend online?
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They spend a greater-than-average amount of time online
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Alone in the woods, Pedro hears a noise. He thinks he sees a bear coming towards him. His heart starts pounding and then, a moment later, he realizes how frightened he is. This sequence of events is BEST explained by which theory of emotion?
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James-Lange theory
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Vicky thinks two of her friends are highly compatible, so she is trying to get them together. Which action might help to get them interested in each other?
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Have them gaze into each other's eyes for a couple of minutes
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This is a hunger-arousing hormone secreted by an empty stomach.
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ghrelin
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Which of the following is NOT a way to balance online activity and real-world connections?
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Make sure that you keep in touch online with all your close friends.
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_____ refers to the rate of energy expenditure for maintaining basic body functions when the body is at rest.
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Basal metabolic rate
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Lara's mouth is dry and she realizes that she has not had anything to drink all morning. The water level in her cells has dropped and she feels thirsty. She is becoming agitated by watching people drink large glasses of soda, and the next chance she gets, she will have a large drink. Which of these can be used to explain why she is motivated to get a drink?
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drive-reduction theory
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Mark's friend's father has just died. Mark tells his friend that he truly feels the pain that she is going through. Mark really understands her grief, and both are crying together as he can actually feel the loss in his heart as well. This is an example of:
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empathy
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Researcher George Vaillant found that _____________ is/are what really matter(s) in life.
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relationships with other people
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Need is to _____ as drive is to _____.
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food deprivation; hunger
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All of Ernest's basic physiological and safety needs have been met, and he feels a solid sense of belonging and of being loved. According to Abraham Maslow, this suggests that he will next seek to satisfy his need for:
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self-esteem.
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The sympathetic nervous system is to _____ as the parasympathetic nervous system is to _____.
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arousal; calming
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Julie is competing in a basketball free-throw contest. She is likely to perform _____ if her physiological arousal during the performance is _____.
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well; moderate
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The instantaneous and automatic fear response people experience when unexpectedly stumbling upon a snake illustrates the importance of the:
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amygdala.
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According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, which is the correct sequence of events when a car drives directly toward a group and they experience emotion?
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see an oncoming car; heart pounds and, at the same time, fear is experienced
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Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system:
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increases salivation and decreases blood pressure.
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Two-year-old Alma is very bored. She has been stuck in her playpen for 30 minutes, has played with every toy available to her, and has looked at everything in the living room. She wants with all her being to escape. She is motivated to escape the playpen to:
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increase her arousal to an optimum level
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Women appear to be more sensitive to nonverbal cues than men. Which research finding supports this?
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Research has found all of these things are true.
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The secretion of PYY _____ hunger and the secretion of orexin _____ hunger.
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decreases; increases
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An empathetic person will identify with others and can imagine what it might be like to walk in another person's shoes. There are some apparent gender differences related to empathy. Which supports that finding?
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Females are more likely to express empathy.
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A group of protesters went on a hunger strike and drastically lowered their caloric intake. It is likely that in response to this semistarvation:
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their basal metabolic rate dropped and they lost weight.
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William James would suggest that people feel sorry because they _____ and feel afraid because they _____.
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cry; tremble
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Evidence that emotion follows physiological arousal would be most consistent with the _____. Evidence that emotion follows the placement of a cognitive label on physiological arousal would be most consistent with the _____.
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James-Lange theory; two-factor theory
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Exuberant infants and alert, energetic adults are especially likely to show high levels of brain activity in the:
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left frontal lobe.
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Cliff is homeless, hungry, and desperate for food and shelter. He will do almost anything to satisfy these needs. According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy, Cliff will ignore his other needs, which do NOT include his:
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hunger and thirst.
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The _____ receives input from regions such as the anterior cingulated cortex, a higher-level center for processing emotion.
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amygdala
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Emotion is a response that includes physiological arousal, expressive behavior, and conscious experience. Which list describes these three components?
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pounding heart, increased pace, sense of fear
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Regardless of culture, ______ music feels happy and _____music seems sad.
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fast-paced; slower
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_____ is a hunger-triggering hormone secreted by the hypothalamus.
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Orexin
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What is the major source of energy in the body?
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glucose
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_____ says that people actually have many emotional reactions apart from, or even before, their interpretations of a situation.
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Robert Zajonc
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According to the text, emotionality is truer of women, a perception expressed by nearly 100 percent of _____ Americans.
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18- to 29-year-old
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According to Carroll Izard, there are 10 basic emotions that humans experience, and most of these are present during infancy. Which is one of these basic emotions?
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disgust
