understanding nutrition ch 5-7 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
cholesterol
answer
fat found in foods and manufactured by the body that is both essential and potentially harmful
question
hydrogenation
answer
food processing technique that adds a hydrogen to unsaturated bonds
question
polyunsaturated
answer
for good health, dietary saturated and trans fats should be partly replaced with monounsaturated and ____ fats
question
essential fatty acids
answer
omega-3 and omega-6 are referred to as____ because they are needed but cannot be made by the human body
question
lipoproteins
answer
transport digested fat through the bloodstream
question
olive oil
answer
tripe of cooking oil recommended to promote heart health
question
triglyceride
answer
contains one glycerol molecule and three fatty acids
question
emulsification
answer
the proess by which bile acids mix dietary fats with digestive fluids in the small intestine
question
LDL
answer
type of cholesterol in a lipid profile that i positively correlated with someone's risk for a heart attack
question
phospholipids
answer
components in cell membranes that facilitate passage of fat soluble nutrients
question
saturated
answer
fatty acids that have only single bonds between all carbons
question
trans
answer
type of fats that should be consumed in the lowest amount possible
question
nutrigenomics
answer
the study of how nutrients influence gene activity
question
small intestine
answer
body organ where the majority of proteins are disassembled into amino acids
question
side group
answer
distinguishing feature of the protein chemical structure
question
calcium
answer
increased dietary protein intake can lead to increased excretion of _____
question
carbohydrates
answer
amino acids can be used to make glucose if insufficient dietary ____ are consumed
question
amino acids
answer
what the body uses to assemble its own proteins
question
antibodies
answer
proteins that act to defend the body from disease
question
high quality
answer
proteins that provide sufficient quantities of essential amino acids
question
condensation
answer
what happens when proteins are exposed to heat or acid
question
genetic information
answer
dna contains the ____ that tells the body how to assemble proteins
question
urea
answer
when the dietary protein intake increases, the body's production of ___ increases
question
nonessential
answer
refers to amino acids that the body is able to manufacture
question
glycolysis
answer
splitting a glucose molecule; first step in energy metabolism
question
energy yielding nutrients
answer
carbohydrates fats and proteins
question
energy
answer
ATP molecules are used to capture and store
question
carbon
answer
the number of ___ molecules related to the amount of energy a nutrient can provide
question
ketone bodies
answer
an alternative energy source designed to prolong life during starvation
question
anaerobic
answer
without oxygen
question
metabolism
answer
the sum of all chemical reactions in living cells
question
liver
answer
the most metabolic active cell
question
fat
answer
provides the most kcalorie per gram
question
pyruvate
answer
fatty acids cannot be converted to ___ so they cannot generate glucose
