question

Which of the following measures does NOT assess nutritional status? A)Clinical evaluation B)Psychoanalysis C)Dietary analysis D)Biochemical evaluation

answer

Psychoanalysis

question

A weight reduction regimen calls for a daily intake of 1400 kilocalories and 30 gramsof fat. Approximately ________ of the total energy is provided by fat. A)15% B)9% C)2% D)19%

answer

19%

question

Over the past 50 years, rates of ________ have declined among American adults. A)diabetes B)obesity C)cardiovascular disease D)death from cardiovascular disease

answer

death from cardiovascular disease

question

The study of how genes determine our nutritional requirements is called A)genetic engineering B)nutrigenetics C)nutritional biochemistry D)nutrigenomics.

answer

nutrigenetics

question

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein to the A)pancreas B)kidneys C)heart D)liver.

answer

liver

question

Which of the following is not one of the six categories of Healthy People 2020:Nutrition and Weight Status Objectives? A)Calcium Deficiency B)Healthier Food Access C)Iron Deficiency D)Food Insecurity

answer

Calcium Deficiency

question

Which of the following is NOT a wise application of MyPlate? A)Using whole grain breads and cereals B)Using low-fat and nonfat choices for milk and cheese C)Including several servings of vegetable proteins per week D)Eliminating foods from the Fruits group to lose weight

answer

Eliminating foods from the Fruits group to lose weight

question

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines recommend consuming less than 10% of calories from A)essential fatty acids. B)trans fatty acids. C)total fat. D)saturated fatty acids.

answer

saturated fatty acids.

question

The essential nutrients A)cannot be made by the body and therefore must be consumed to maintain health. B)must be consumed at every meal. C)can be made in the body when they are needed. D)are required for infants but not adults.

answer

cannot be made by the body and therefore must be consumed to maintain health.

question

Peristalsis refers to A)muscular movement of materials through the GI tract. B)the action of bile on dietary fat. C)the opening and closing of sphincters. D)chewing and swallowing.

answer

muscular movement of materials through the GI tract.

question

Pat purchases a 2-liter bottle of root beer. This would be approximately A)2 pints. B)4 cups. C)2 gallons. D)2 quarts.

answer

2 quarts.

question

Which of the following is the leading nutrition-related cause of death in the UnitedStates? A)Pneumonia B)Diabetes C)Heart disease D)Cancer

answer

Heart disease

question

Recent surveys indicate that the most commonly purchased foods in America are A)fried chicken, ribs, beer, and donuts. B)milk, ready-to-eat cereal, bottled water, soft drinks, and bread. C)tacos, bagels, bottled water, and ice cream. D)pizza, soft drinks, cheeseburgers, and French fries.

answer

milk, ready-to-eat cereal, bottled water, soft drinks, and bread.

question

The Mediterranean Diet Pyramid patterns dietary data from parts of the Mediterraneanregion that enjoy A)the lowest adult life expectancy. B)the lowest recorded rates of chronic diseases. C)the highest intake of saturated fat. D)the lowest intake of carbohydrates.

answer

the lowest recorded rates of chronic diseases.

question

Using MyPlate's Daily Food Plan for 2000 kilocalories as a reference, the Fruits andVegetables in this menu are A)missing a vitamin A source. B)missing a vitamin C source. C)missing a dark green vegetable source. D)present in adequate quantities.

answer

present in adequate quantities.

question

After digestion and absorption, which circulatory system carries fat and fat-soluble vitamins? A)Enterohepatic B)Mesentery C)Portal D)Lymphatic

answer

Lymphatic

question

Healthy People 2020 was designed to A)eliminate dietary inadequacies and excesses, and to encourage healthful practices. B)prevent chronic disease. C)disclose dietary practices that best support health. D)eliminate health disparities, improve access to health education and quality healthcare, and strengthen public health services.

answer

eliminate dietary inadequacies and excesses, and to encourage healthful practices.

question

Transmission of nerve impulses relies on the concentrations of ________ in the neuron. A)cholesterol B)calcium and magnesium C)sodium and potassium D)B vitamins

answer

sodium and potassium

question

According to MyPlate, eggs belong in the ________ group. A)Chicken B)Protein C)Grains D)Dairy

answer

Protein

question

Which of the following includes all energy-yielding substances? A)Vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, lipids, protein B)Alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, protein C)Carbohydrates, lipids, protein D)Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, vitamins, minerals, water

answer

Alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, protein

question

The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called A)peristalsis. B)propulsion. C)compression. D)regurgitation.

answer

peristalsis.

question

Which class of nutrients comprises 60% of body weight?A)minerals B)water C)carbohydrate D)protein

answer

water

question

Which of the following yield greater than 4 kilocalories per gram? A)Plant carbohydrates B)Plant proteins C)Animal proteins D)Plant fats

answer

Plant fats

question

Kate consumes 1,900 kilocalories each day. She requires 1,750 kilocalories to meet daily energy needs. Over time, Kate's kilocalorie consumption could lead to A)undernutrition. B)overnutrition. C)balanced nutrition

answer

overnutrition.

question

Which of the following is not a characteristic of carbohydrates? A)Contain more kilocalories than protein B)Add sweetness to food C)Provide a major source of fuel for the body D)Supply 4 kilocalories per gram

answer

Contain more kilocalories than protein

question

It is estimated that obesity kills more than ________ Americans a year. A)150,000 B)50,000 C)200,000 D)20,000

answer

200,000

question

Margaret, an elderly woman, needs to limit her kilocalorie intake without sacrificing needed nutrients. Keeping in mind MyPlate, which of the following could she do?A)Count kilocalories and not worry about the food groups. B)Carefully select foods rich in nutrients but low in kilocalories. C)Eliminate carbohydrates. D)Eliminate dairy foods.

answer

Carefully select foods rich in nutrients but low in kilocalories.

question

Jeff, a world-class triathlete, visits a dietitian to obtain sports nutrition advice. Duringhis visit, Jeff is asked to recall what he ate for the past 24 hours. Which part of anutritional assessment is this? A)Dietary assessment B)Menu planning C)Biochemical evaluation D)Clinical examination

answer

Dietary assessment

question

Which of the following is not true about water? A)Dietary need of approximately 9-13 cups per day B)By-product of cell chemical reactions C)Provides a way to transport nutrients and wastes D)Provides energy

answer

Provides energy

question

Gram for gram, which provides the most energy? A)Carbohydrates B)Fats C)Alcohol D)Proteins

answer

Fats

question

What substances, present in fruits and vegetables, provide significant health benefits such as reducing the risk of cancer? A)Deoxidizers B)Free radicals C)Phytochemicals D)Beta blockers

answer

Phytochemicals

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamins?A)Enable chemical processes in the body B)Provide energy C)Become structural components of the body D)Made in sufficient quantities by the body

answer

Enable chemical processes in the body

question

Which of the following is not a simple carbohydrate?A)Disaccharide B)Table sugar C)Monosaccharide D)Starch

answer

Starch

question

Which of the following is not a nutrition and weight status objective from HealthyPeople 2020? A)Increase the contribution of whole grains to the diet. B)Increase the consumption of protein. C)Reduce the proportion of adults who are obese. D)Increase the contribution of fruits to the diet.

answer

Increase the consumption of protein.

question

A serving of bleu cheese dressing containing 23 grams of fat would yield ________kilocalories from fat. A)92 B)207 C)255 D)161

answer

207

question

When using MyPlate to choose fruits and vegetables, one should include a vitamin Csource such as citrus fruit and a dark green vegetable each day, as a source of A)zinc. B)vitamin A. C)vitamin D. D)selenium.

answer

vitamin A.

question

When in Europe, you are told that you are eating a steak weighing 140 grams. This isequivalent to how many ounces? A)1.4 ounces B)3920 ounces C)5 ounces D)8.75 ounces

answer

5 ounces

question

Which statement best describes nutrient density?A)Choose a number of different foods within any given food group rather than the"same old thing." B)Consume foods that have the most nutrients when compared to their kilocalories. C)Plan your entire day's diet so that you don't overconsume nutrient sources. D)Consume a variety of foods from MyPlate's five major food groups every day.

answer

Consume foods that have the most nutrients when compared to their kilocalories.

question

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter? A)Prevents intestinal contents from emptying too quickly into the colon B)Prevents stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus C)Prevents esophageal contents from emptying too quickly into the stomach D)Prevents intestinal contents from backing up into the stomach

answer

Prevents intestinal contents from backing up into the stomach

question

According to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines, adults should ________ intake of fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products. A)increase B)decrease C)maintain current

answer

increase

question

The term "Daily Values" on a food label refers to A)minimum requirements. B)RDAs. C)AIs. D)a generic standard set at or close to the highest RDA value or related nutrient standard.

answer

a generic standard set at or close to the highest RDA value or related nutrient standard.

question

Two tablespoons (tbsp) of salad dressing, peanut butter, or margarine is about the sizeof a A)golf ball. B)baseball. C)tennis ball. D)yoyo.

answer

golf ball.

question

The health status of "baby boomers" appears lower than that of the previous generation.

answer

True

question

The cruciferous vegetables include broccoli, cabbage, and kale.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is a feature of the lymphatic system? A)It is composed of a mucus-like substance. B)It serves to transport fat- and water-soluble vitamins to the heart. C)It picks up and transports dietary lipids. D)It funnels nutrients to the liver via a one-way pump.

answer

It picks up and transports dietary lipids.

question

One serving of Raisin Bran cereal contains 50 percent of the 18 mg Daily Value for iron. How much iron will one serving of your cereal provide? A)5 mg B)9 mg C)36 mg D)15 mg

answer

9 mg

question

Which of the following contain no calories?A)Carbohydrates B)Vitamins C)Alcohol D)Proteins

answer

Vitamins

question

Which of the following is true about the North American diet? A)Most of our fats come from plant sources. B)Most of our carbohydrates come from fibers. C)Most of our protein comes from plant sources. D)Approximately half of our carbohydrates come from simple sugars.

answer

Approximately half of our carbohydrates come from simple sugars.

question

The walls of the small intestine are folded, and within the folds are finger like projections called A)nephrons. B)villi. C)cilia. D)rugae.

answer

villi.

question

Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system? A)Contributes to acid-base balance of the blood B)Excretion of water-soluble vitamins C)Excretion of fat-soluble vitamins D)Helps to regulate water content of the body

answer

Excretion of fat-soluble vitamins

question

1) Which statement best describes nutrient density? A) Choose a number of different foods within any given food group rather than the "same old thing." B) Plan your entire day's diet so that you don't overconsume nutrient sources. C) Consume foods that have the most nutrients when compared to their kilocalories. D) Consume a variety of foods from MyPlate's five major food groups every day.

answer

Consume foods that have the most nutrients when compared to their kilocalories.

question

What substance helps suspend fat in a watery digestive mixture, making fat more available to digestive enzymes? A) Mucus B) Bile C) Pancreatic juices D) Bicarbonate

answer

Bile

question

Which government agency is responsible for regulating most U.S. food labeling? A) Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms B) Center for Science in the Public Interest C) Food and Drug Administration D) U.S. Department of Agriculture

answer

Food and Drug Administration

question

To which body part does blood travel to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide? A) Kidneys B) Liver C) Heart D) Lungs

answer

Lungs

question

A kilocalorie is a measure of A) sugar and fat in food. B) heat energy. C) fat in food. D) nutrients in food.

answer

heat energy.

question

Which of the following is NOT considered part of the GI tract? A) Anus B) Esophagus C) Colon D) Kidneys

answer

Kidneys

question

Which of the following is not a class of essential nutrients? A) Alcohol B) Minerals C) Lipids D) Carbohydrates

answer

Alcohol

question

The essential nutrients A) must be consumed at every meal. B) are required for infants but not adults. C) can be made in the body when they are needed. D) cannot be made by the body and therefore must be consumed to maintain health.

answer

cannot be made by the body and therefore must be consumed to maintain health.

question

Which term describes failing health that results from a long-standing dietary intake that is inadequate to meet nutritional needs? A) Desirable nutrition B) Balanced nutrition C) Inferior nutrition D) Undernutrition

answer

Undernutrition

question

Which of the following are substances in plant foods that are not digested in the stomach or small intestine? A) Dietary fiber B) Disaccharides C) Dextrose D) Simple sugars

answer

Dietary fiber

question

You pick up a box of Cheerios cereal in the supermarket. The Nutrition Facts panel tells you that a 1-cup serving provides 25 percent of the ________ for iron. A) Daily Value B) RDA C) ESADDI D) Minimum Requirement

answer

Daily Value

question

The acronym RDA stands for A) Required Dietary Allowance. B) Recommended Dietary Allowance. C) Required Daily Allowance. D) Recommended Daily Allowance.

answer

Recommended Dietary Allowance.

question

Certain nutrients provide us with energy. Some are important for growth and development. Others act to keep body functions running smoothly. Which of the following nutrients does not promote growth and development as its primary function? A) Lipids B) Minerals C) Proteins D) Carbohydrates

answer

Carbohydrates

question

Which of the following is a description of chyme? A) A watery mixture of partially digested food released by the stomach into the intestines B) A thick, viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive juices C) The semisolid mass of undigested food that is swallowed D) The mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion

answer

A watery mixture of partially digested food released by the stomach into the intestines

question

Dietary fiber may play a role in the prevention of ________ cancer. A) prostate B) breast C) lung D) colon

answer

colon

question

The acronym DRI stands for A) Dietary Reference Intake. B) Dietary Required Intake. C) Daily Reference Intake. D) Daily Required Intake.

answer

Daily Reference Intake.

question

A recurrent and serious form of heartburn is called A) cardiovascular reflux disease. B) gastric distress. C) gastroesophageal reflux disease. D) esophageal ulceritis.

answer

gastroesophageal reflux disease.

question

________ is the major monosaccharide found in the body. A) Glucose B) Fructose C) Sucrose D) Lactose

answer

Glucose

question

Adequate Intakes (AI) A) are established for nutrients for which there is not enough information to set RDAs. B) represent minimum nutrient needs. C) are established for all vitamins and minerals. D) are established for carbohydrate, total fat, and dietary fiber.

answer

are established for nutrients for which there is not enough information to set RDAs.

question

What percentage of a meal has been absorbed by the time it leaves the small intestine? A) 25% B) 80% C) 95% D) 55%

answer

95%

question

Which of the following is the leading nutrition-related cause of death in the United States? A) Heart disease B) Pneumonia C) Diabetes D) Cancer

answer

Heart disease

question

Major fructose sources include A) nuts and seeds. B) fruits and vegetables. C) fruits and high fructose corn syrup. D) milk and cheese.

answer

fruits and high fructose corn syrup.

question

Which of the following nutrients can directly supply energy for human use? A) Minerals B) Vitamins C) Fiber D) Lipids and oils

answer

Lipids and oils

question

Kate consumes 1,900 kilocalories each day. She requires 1,750 kilocalories to meet daily energy needs. Over time, Kate's kilocalorie consumption could lead to A) undernutrition. B) overnutrition. C) balanced nutrition.

answer

overnutrition.

question

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow? A) Tonsils B) Tongue C) Esophagus D) Epiglottis

answer

Epiglottis

question

The glycemic index (GI) is a measurement of how a carbohydrate-containing food raises A) insulin released from the pancreas. B) liver glycogen. C) glycogen stored in muscle. D) blood glucose.

answer

blood glucose.

question

The RDAs for nutrients are set A) to cover the needs of 97% - 98% of the population. B) by the FDA for food labeling purposes. C) based on the dietary intakes of people who appear to be maintaining nutritional health. D) based on a person's height and weight.

answer

to cover the needs of 97% - 98% of the population.

question

The main function of glucose is to supply ________ for the body. A) structure B) vitamins C) growth D) energy

answer

energy

question

EER refers to A) the level of dietary intake of a nutrient that is likely to meet the needs of nearly all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group. B) a person's actual calorie needs, as measured by calorimetry. C) a set of nutrient recommendations that includes RDAs, AIs, and ULs. D) estimated calorie needs for the average person of a specific height, weight, age, gender, and physical activity pattern.

answer

estimated calorie needs for the average person of a specific height, weight, age, gender, and physical activity pattern.

question

Most chemical digestion takes place in the A) stomach. B) pancreas. C) small intestine. D) large intestine.

answer

small intestine.

question

Excessive acid production in the stomach or upper small intestine could result in A) an ulcer. B) poor iron, calcium, and folate absorption. C) excessive intestinal bacterial growth. D) decreased fiber digestion and absorption.

answer

an ulcer.

question

When insulin is released, it causes A) the liver to make glycogen from protein. B) the liver to break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood. C) fat breakdown and release from fat tissue. D) muscle and fat cells to increase glucose uptake.

answer

the liver to break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood.

question

Which of the following is stored within the nucleus of the cell and acts as a code book for synthesizing specific proteins? A) Organs B) DNA C) Cells D) RNA

answer

DNA

question

Healthy People 2020 was designed to A) eliminate health disparities, improve access to health education and quality health care, and strengthen public health services. B) eliminate dietary inadequacies and excesses, and to encourage healthful practices. C) disclose dietary practices that best support health. D) prevent chronic disease.

answer

eliminate health disparities, improve access to health education and quality health

question

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein to the A) liver. B) pancreas. C) heart. D) kidneys.

answer

liver.

question

Where are most digestive enzymes produced? A) Liver and large intestine B) Pancreas and large intestine C) Liver and pancreas D) Pancreas and small intestine

answer

Pancreas and small intestine

question

What substances, present in fruits and vegetables, provide significant health benefits such as reducing the risk of cancer? A) Deoxidizers B) Beta blockers C) Free radicals D) Phytochemicals

answer

Phytochemicals

question

The food components that yield the highest percentage of calories from carbohydrates are A) cream pies, French fries, and fat-free milk B) peas, broccoli, oatmeal, dry beans and other legumes C) table sugar, honey, jam, jelly, fruit, and plain baked potatoes D) corn flakes, rice, bread, and noodles

answer

cream pies, French fries, and fat-free milk

question

Which of the following measures does NOT assess nutritional status? A) Biochemical evaluation B) Dietary analysis C) Clinical evaluation D) Psychoanalysis

answer

Psychoanalysis

question

A serving of bleu cheese dressing containing 23 grams of fat would yield ________ kilocalories from fat. A) 255 B) 161 C) 207 D) 92

answer

207

question

Where does digestion begin? A) Small intestine B) Mouth C) Stomach D) Esophagus

answer

Mouth

question

Transmission of nerve impulses relies on the concentrations of ________ in the neuron. A) B vitamins B) calcium and magnesium C) sodium and potassium D) cholesterol

answer

sodium and potassium

question

Which of the following includes all energy-yielding substances? A) Vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, lipids, protein B) Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, vitamins, minerals, water C) Carbohydrates, lipids, protein D) Alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, protein

answer

Alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, protein

question

Which pH best describes the environment of the stomach when stimulated? A) Both acidic and basic B) Acidic C) Basic D) Neutral

answer

Acidic

question

Which of the following is true about the way we should eat to achieve good nutritional status? A) Do the best we can but take supplements to fill in the deficient areas. B) Eat fruits and vegetables because we can get all the nutrients we need from these. C) Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs. D) Eat only plant products because animal products are bad and generally filled with hormones for animal growth.

answer

Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs.

question

These protein-based substances enhance digestion by making chemical reactions more likely to happen. A) Emulsifiers B) Hormones C) Bile D) Enzymes

answer

Enzymes

question

The process that plants use to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of the sun's heat and light is called A) glycogenesis. B) photosynthesis. C) anabolism. D) biosynthesis.

answer

photosynthesis.

question

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter? A) Prevents intestinal contents from emptying too quickly into the colon B) Prevents esophageal contents from emptying too quickly into the stomach C) Prevents intestinal contents from backing up into the stomach D) Prevents stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus

answer

Prevents intestinal contents from backing up into the stomach

question

Gram for gram, which provides the most energy? A) Fats B) Alcohol C) Proteins D) Carbohydrates

answer

Fats

question

Which of the following, upon digestion, is NOT normally absorbed directly into the bloodstream? A) Carbohydrates B) Fats C) Proteins D) Minerals

answer

Fats

question

Pyloric sphincter

answer

controls flow of stomach contents into small intestine

question

lower esophageal sphincter (gastroesophageal sphincter, cardiac sphincter)

answer

prevents backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus

question

Sphincter of Oddi

answer

controls flow of bile (from common bile duct) and pancreatic juices (from pancreatic ducts) into small intestine

question

ileocecal valve

answer

prevents contents of large intestine from reentering small intestine

question

Anal sphincters (internal and external)

answer

control defecation

question

Mouth

answer

-mechanical -salivary amylase digestion -breaks down carbs

question

Esophagus

answer

swallowing

question

Stomach

answer

-mechanical and chemical digestion -releases acid

question

Small Intestine

answer

-digestion and absorption of carbs, lipids, proteins -95% absorption of nutrients -villi(microvilli) expand the surface area of this to ensure absorption of food

question

Large Intestine

answer

absorb water and minerals

question

Pancreas

answer

-insulin lowers glucose

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