U.S. History Chapter 5 Test – Flashcards
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Why did the colonists begin to resent the taxes?
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tyranny, because the had no representation in Parliament
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Why are Colonists being taxed?
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as a result of the French and Indian war
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What were the four causes of the French and Indian war?
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-European powers are competing for trade and colonies around the globe -France and England both claimed land in North America -When English settlers began pushing westward, they clashed with French fur traders -Native Americans were caught up in the conflict. Several tribes sided with French
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Where did the French and Indian war get its name?
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because England is fighting the French and the Indians
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What was the purpose of the Albany Plan of Union?
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it called for colonial unity
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What did the fate of the Albany Plan say about the unity of the 13 colonies
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it was weak
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Who ultimately won the war and why?
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England -better fighting tactics -peace with Native American tribes which increased numbers -the capture of key forts
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Which agreement ultimately ended the conflict? In what year did the war end?
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The Treat of Paris, 1763
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What did England receive as a result of the end of the French and Indian War?
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-England gained Canada and all French lands east of the Mississippi River -From Spain, England gained control of Florida
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Which young American colonists earned a reputation as a capable soldier fighting in the British army?
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George Washington
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What did the Proclamation of 1763 say?
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-it drew an imaginary line across the crest of the Appalachian Mountains and colonists were forbidden to settle west of the line
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What did the Sugar Act say?
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-put a new tax on molasses, sugar, and other products - this was an external tax
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What did the Stamp Act say?
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-placed new taxes in legal documents such as wills, diplomas. and marriage papers -taxed newspapers, almanacs, playing cards and even dice -items had to carry a stamp to be sold -was an internal tax
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What did the Quartering Act say?
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colonists had to provide housing, candles, bedding, and beverages to soldiers stationed in the colonies(mostly New York)
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What did the Declaratory Act say?
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-stated that Parliament could make laws to control the colonies in "all cases whatsoever" -passed at the same time as the repeal of the Stamp Act
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What did the Townshend Acts say?
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-taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead and tea -set up new ways to collect taxes -authorized Writs of Assistance - tax collectors could inspect a ship's cargo without reason
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What did the Tea Act say?
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let the British East India Tea Company bypass the tea merchants and sell directly to the colonies
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What did the Intolerable Acts say?
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-shut down the port of Boston(no ship could enter or leave the port) -Parliament forbade Massachusetts colonists to hold town meetings more than once a year without the governor's permission -allowed customs officers and other officials who might be charged with major crimes to be tried in Britain or Canada instead of Massachusetts -passed a new Quartering Act -colonists had to house British soldiers in their homes when no other housing was available
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What year was the Sugar Act passed?
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1764
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What year was the Stamp Act passed?
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1765
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What year was the Quartering Act passed?
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1765
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What year was the Declaratory Act passed?
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1766
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What year were the Townshend Acts passed?
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1767
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What year was the Tea Act passed?
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1773
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What year were the Intolerable Acts passed?
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1774
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What was another name for the Intolerable Acts?
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Coercive Acts
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What Act being passed resulted in the Boston Massacre?
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Townshend Acts
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What Act being passed resulted in the Boston Tea Party?
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Tea Act
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What did the Quartering Act being passed result in
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-the New York assembly refused to obey the law -England dismissed the New York assembly
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When did the colonists first start to accuse Britian of tyranny? What is tyranny?
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after the Stamp Act was passed and its taxation without representation
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When was the Boston Massacre?
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March 5, 1770
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Where was the Boston Massacre?
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Customs House
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What were the men doing at the Boston Massacre?
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-harassing the British soldiers guarding the Customs House -threw snowballs, piceces of ice, rocks, and oystershells
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How many men were harassing the Brisitish soldiers at the Boston Massacre?
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eventually 60 or so men
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Why did a British soldier fire his gun at the Boston Massacre?
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because someone(most likely in the crowd of colonists) yelled "Fire"
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How many colonists were killed during the Boston Massacre?
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five colonists
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Who was the first man killed at the Boston Massacre?
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Crispus Attucks - African Amercian, runaway slave who took a job as a sailor on a whaling ship to escape slaver
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Where was the First Continental Congress?
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Philadelphia
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When was the First Continental Congress?
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1774
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Who went to the First Continental Congress?
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delegates from 12 colonies(no Georgia)
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Why was there a First Continental Congress?
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to unite after the Intolerable Acts - support Massachusettes
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What two important steps were taken by the First Continental Congress?
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-every colony was to start training their militia -agreed to boycott all British goods and stop exporting goods to Britian until the Intolerable Acts were repealed
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Put the Midnight Ride events in chronological order
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-in towns near Boston, minutemen collected weapons and gunpowder -On April 18, about 700 British troops quietly left Boston in the darkness. Their goal was to seize the colonial arms -Sons of Liberty kept watched. They signaled that the British were crossing the Charles River -One midnight rider was Paul Revere. "The regulars are out! The regulars are out!" shouted Revere as he passed through each sleepy village along the way
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Where did the redcoats reach on April 19, 1775?
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Lexington, a town near Concord
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What happened at Lexington that morning?
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a shot was fired and in the aftermath 8 colonists were killed
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What was a result of the Battles of Lexington and Concord?
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-hope for a peaceful settlement had ended -only war could decide the issue now
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Put the British Acts and major colonial retaliations in chronological order
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-Proclamation of 1763, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Quartering Act, New York Assembly is dismissed, Declaratory Act, Townshend Acts, Boston Massacre, Tea Act, Boston Tea Part, Intolerable Acts, First Continental Congress
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What does Petition mean?
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formal written request to someone in authority that is signed by a group of people
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What does boycott mean?
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to refuse to buy or use certain goods or services
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What does repeal mean?
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to cancel
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What does Writs of Assistance mean?
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legal document that allowed British customs officials to inspect a ship's cargo without giving a reason
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What does committee of correspondence mean?
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letter-writing campaign that became a major tool of protest in the colonies
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What was First Continental Congress?
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in 1774, meeting of delegates from 12 colonies in Philadelphia
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What is a militia?
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army of citizens who serve as soldiers during an emergency
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What were minutemen?
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colonial militia volunteer who was prepared to fight at a minute's notice
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Who said "...give me liberty or give me death"
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Patrick Henry
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What was the colonial slogan
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"no taxation without representation"
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Who said "The regulars are out."
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Paul Revere
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Where is "Join or Die from"
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caption from Ben Franklin's famous cartoon
