question

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the:

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Right Atrium

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Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit enters the:

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Left Atrium

question

The expandable extension of the atrium is the:

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Quricle

question

The coronary sulcus is a groove that:

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Marks boundary of atria and ventricles

question

The pecinate muscles are:

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Myocardial ridges that continue into the auricles

question

The cusps of atrioventricular valves are attached to papillary muscles by the:

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Chordae tendineae

question

Contractions of the papillary muscles:

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Prevent atrioventricular valves from reversing

question

The visceral pericardium is the same as the:

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Epicardium

question

A function of the pericardium includes:

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Anchoring the heart to surrounding structures

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The right ventricle pumps blood to the:

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Lungs

question

The left ventricle pumps blood to the:

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Systemic Circuit

question

The right atrium receives blood from the:

answer

Inferior vena cava

question

The atrioventricular valve on the side of the heart that receives the superior vena cava is the ________ valve.

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Tricuspid

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Blood leaving the right ventricle enters the

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Pulmonary trunk

question

The pulmonary semilunar valve guards the entrance to the:

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Pulmonary trunk

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The bicuspid or mitral valve is located:

answer

Between the left atrium and left ventricle

question

The entrance to the ascending aorta is guarded by the ______ valve.

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Semilunar

question

The function of an atrium is to

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Collect (receive) blood

question

Compared to the right ventricle, the left ventricle has all the following characteristics, except that it

answer

Relaxes more slowly

question

The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart. 1. right atrium 2. left atrium 3. right ventricle 4. left ventricle 5. vena cavae 6. aorta 7. pulmonary trunk 8. pulmonary veins What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation?

answer

5,1,3,7,8,2,4,6

question

The left and right pulmonary arteries carry blood to the:

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Lungs

question

The left and right pulmonary veins carry blood to the:

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Left and Right Atrium

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The heart wall is composed of _______ layers of tissue.

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Three

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The myocardium is primarily composed of _______ tissue.

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Cardiac muscle

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The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ______ arteries.

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Coronary

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The marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch are branches of the:

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Right Coronary Artery

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The circumflex branch and the anterior descending artery are branches of the:

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Left Coronary Artery

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The great and middle cardiac veins drain blood into the:

answer

Coronary Sinus

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The heart is innervated by _______ nerves.

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Parasympathic and Sympathic

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In cardiac muscle, the depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of:

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Increased membrane permeability to sodium ions

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The plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to:

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The calcium channels remaining open longer than the sodium channels

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In cardiac muscle:

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Some of the calcium ion required for contraction comes from outside the cell

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The pacemaker cells of the heart are located in the:

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SA node

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The following are various components of the conducting system of the heart. 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. Bundle branches The sequence in which an action potential would move through this system is:

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4,3,2,5,1

question

The pace established by the SA node depends on all the following, expect the:

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Pace established by the AV node

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Depolarization of the ventricles if represented on an electrocardiogram by the:

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QRS complex

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The T wave on an ECG tracing represents:

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Ventricular representation

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Analysis of the electrocardiogram can reveal all of the following, except the:

answer

Stroke volume

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The first heart sound is heard when the:

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Mitral and triscupid valves at the beginning of systole close

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During the isovolumetric phase of ventricular systole, the:

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Atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves are closed

question

During the cardiac cycle, the:

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both QRS complex of the ECG precedes the increase in ventricular pressure and first heart sound coincides with the QRS complex ofthe ECG

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The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the:

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Stroke volume

question

Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output, except:

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Increased parasympathetic stimulation

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According to Starling's "law of the heart," the cardiac output is directly related to the:

answer

End-diastole volume

question

Each of the following conditions would increase heart rate, except:

answer

Increased parasympathetic stimulation of nodal fibers

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Increased venous blood flow to the right atrium:

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All of the above

question

Drugs known as beta-blockers will:

answer

Decrease heart-rate

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Artery is to _______ as vein is to _______.

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efferent; afferent

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The heart beats approximately _______ times each day.

answer

100,000

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The heart pumps approximately _______ liters of blood each day.

answer

8,000

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The heart is roughly the size of _______.

answer

A man's clenched fist

question

If you were to dissect a cadaver and cut a midsagittal section through the trunk, it would not divide the heart into equal halves because:

answer

All of the above

question

The pericardial fluid is important because it:

answer

All of the above

question

The term used to describe fluid collecting in the pericardial cavity that restricts the beating of the heart is known as:

answer

Cardiac tamponade

question

The connective tissue of the epicardium at the interventricular and coronary sulci generally contains:

answer

All of the above

question

Cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells are different in a few ways. Which of the following is not true?

answer

Cardiac muscle cells lack transverse tubules

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The atrioventricular valves permit blood flow:

answer

In one direction only

question

Cardiac muscle cells are:

answer

....

question

The veins that supply the muscle walls of the heart dump non-oxygenated blood into the coronary sinus, which opens up into the:

answer

Right atrium

question

There are ________ pulmonary veins.

answer

Four

question

Damage to the chordae tendinae in the left ventricle may result in:

answer

All of the above

question

When the semilunar valves close, the AV valves _______.

answer

Open

question

The _______ deliver(s) blood to the myocardium.

answer

Coronary arteries

question

The _______ ventricle has a greater workload than the ______.

answer

Left; Right ventricle

question

The connective-tissue fibers:

answer

All of the above

question

Blood is supplied to the left atrium via the:

answer

Left coronary artery

question

One of the first symptoms of coronary artery disease is:

answer

Both A and B (agina and chest pain)

question

A heartbeat lasts:

answer

370 msec.

question

Most of the cells of the conducting system are ______ than the contractile cells of the myocardium and contain _______ myofibrils.

answer

Smaller; Few

question

The SA node is known as the:

answer

Pacemaker

question

If an action potential is initiated in the AV node, you would expect the heartbeat to be _______ beats per minute.

answer

40-60

question

_______ is to slow heart rate as _______ is to fast heart rate.

answer

Bradycardia; Tachycardia

question

Depolarization of the atria corresponds directly to the EKG's:

answer

P wave

question

_______ is to contraction as _______ is to relaxation.

answer

Both A and D (Systole;diastole, Systole;filling)

The Heart Study Guide – Flashcards

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