The Digestive System Answers – Flashcards
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Alimentary Canal or Gastrointestinal Tract (GI tract)
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Organs of the digestive system form an irregularly shaped tube
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Mechanical Breakdown of Food
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An example of churning of food in the stomach
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Chemical Breakdown
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Occurs when digestive enzymes act on food as it passes through the digestive tract
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Feces
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Waste material resulting from the digestive process
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Digestion, Absorption, Metabolism
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The processes of food
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Visceral Peritoneum
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Composes the serosa of the digestive tube in the abdominal cavity
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Mouth . . . . Anus
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Where the digestive tract extend from and to
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Lumen
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The inside or hollow space within the alimentary canal
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Mucosa (mucous membrane)
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The inside layer of the digestive tract
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Submucosa
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Connective tissue layer that lies beneath the lining of the digestive tract
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Peristalsis
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Process of muscularis contractions that moves food through the gastrointestinal tract
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Serosa
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Outermost covering of the digestive tube
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Mesentery
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Loops of the digestive tract anchored to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity
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Mouth, Stomach, Cecum, Esophagus, Rectum, Pharynx
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Main organs of the digestive system
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Parotids, Liver, Appendix, Teeth, Gallbladder, Pancreas
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Accessory organs of the digestive system
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Uvula, Palatine bones, Maxillary bones, Soft palate
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Parts of the roof of the mouth
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Vallate
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Largest of the papillae on the surface of the tongue
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6 months
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First baby tooth appears (on average)
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Crown
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Portion of the tooth covered with enamel
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Dentin
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Surrounds the wall of the pulp cavity
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Second Premolar
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Is NOT a part of the deciduous arch
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7 to 8 years old
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Age that permanent central incisor erupts
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17 to 24 years
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Third molar appears
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Submandibular Glands
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Open into the floor of the mouth
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One Liter
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The volume of saliva secreted per day
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Parotid Gland
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Mumps are an infection of what gland?
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Cut
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Incisors are used during mastication to . . .
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Wisdom Tooth
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Another name for the third molar
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Bolus
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Chewed food forms into a small rounded mass called . . .
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Pharynx
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Tubelike structure that functions as part of both respiratory and digestive systems.
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Esophagus
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Pharynx connects the mouth with . . .
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Stomach
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The esophagus serves as a passageway for movement of food from the pharynx to the . . . .
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Gastroephageal or Cardiac Sphincter
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Food enteres the stomach by passing through the muscular __________ at the end of the esophagus.
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Chyme
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Food mixed with gastric juices, broken down into a semisolid mixture . . .
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Fundus, Body, Pyloris
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Divisions of the stomach
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Pyloric Sphincter
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Food is held in the stomach by the _______ ______ muscle long enough for partial digestion to occur.
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Small Intestines
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After food has been in the stomach for approximately 3 hours, the chyme will enter the . . . . .
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Esophagus
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10-inch passageway
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Chyme
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Semisolid mixture of stomach contents
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Peristalsis
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Muscle contractions of the digestive system
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Rugae
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Stomach folds
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Triple therapy
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Used to heal ulcers and prevent recurrences
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Greater curvature
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Lower left border of stomach
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Hiatal hernia
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Condition that may result in backward movement or reflus of stomach contents into the lower portion of the esophagus
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Tagament
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Drug used to treat GERD
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Acid indigestion
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Heartburn
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Lesser curvature
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Upper right border of stomach
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Jejunum, Ileum, Duodenum
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Parts of the small intestine
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Plicae, Microvilli, Brush border
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Increase the surface area of the intestine for absorption
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Common bile duct
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Cystic duct and hepatic duct form ________.
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Hepatic duct
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Duct, when obstructed, will lead to jaundice . . . .
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Mouth, teeth, tongue, salvary glands, pharynx, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancrease, appendix, rectum, anal canal, anus
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Organs of the digestive system
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Uvula
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Keeps food from entering nasal cavity.
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Frenulum
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A thin membrane that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
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20
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How many baby teeth do humans have?
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Chewing squeezes the parotid glands
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Why does chewing hurt during the mumps?
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Rugae
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The lining of the stomach "folds" when empty.
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Villi
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"Tiny fingers" that cover the plicae
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Underneath the liver
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Where is the gallbladder?
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Gallstones
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Solid clumps of cholesterol that have crystalized
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Liver
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What secretes bile?
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Musclefy fat
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Function of bile in digestion?
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Behind stomach
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Where is the pancreas?
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Right side. Directly attached to the cecum
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Where is appendix?
