Textiles Quiz Flashcards

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The strength of the domestic textile industry today is in its ability to:
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be innovative
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Who buys up the products produced that exceeded what you had orders for called?
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Jobber
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A company which owns machinery to produce fabric is a:
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Mill
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Fabrics used for luggage would usually be categorized in which end use grouping?
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Industrial
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Over-the-counter sales of fabric are
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fabrics sold at retail
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A textile converter buys ________ and converts it to ________ .
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greige goods, finished fabric
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A filament fiber is a short textile fiber.
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False
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The shape and size of manufactured fibers are determined by
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the spinnerette
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The first and smallest building block of a fabric is
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fiber
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A fashion buyer or interior designer need textile knowledge to
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select appropriate fabrics for a particular end-use such as a child's dress, draperies, or bed linens.
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A factor that helps determine the "hand" of a fiber is
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cross-sectional shape.
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Flexibility, as a fiber property, will allow the fiber to
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drape well
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Resiliency is a fiber property that allows the fiber
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to spring back to shape after being creased or twisted.
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Static electricity can cause
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all answers are correct
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A crimped fiber will usually give a fabric ________ than if it were thin and straight.
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better cover
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Luster of a fabric is significantly affected by the fiber's
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all answers are correct
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A thermoplastic fiber makes the fabric and garment
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Permanently crease retentive
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A triangular shaped fiber will feel harsher and hide soil better than a round fiber.
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true
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A resilient fiber should help a garment to have
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greater wrinkle resistance
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A durable fabric usually contains fibers which are
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abrasion resistant
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A textile fiber can always be identified through the burning test.
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False
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Acetate is a _______ fiber.
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weak
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Which fiber wrinkles the most?
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cotton
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Acetone (nail polish remover) can be used to identify an acetate fabric because the acetone
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dissolves the acetate.
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A 100% flax fabric is called
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linen
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Tussah silk is produced from cultivated silk worms.
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false
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Cotton
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is stronger wet than dry
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You want a fabric for warm, permanently pleated winter skirts to sell in Chicago. Your best choice would be
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50% polyester/50% wool
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All cotton blouse fabrics
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are naturally comfortable to the skin; need no special finish
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Chemical composition is used as the basis for designating generic fiber names.
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true
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What is the most desirable end-use for glass fibers?
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Draperies
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Lyocell best approximates the characteristics of
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cotton
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Rayon's absorbency is _____ for a manufactured fiber.
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excellent
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Acrylic is a _____ substitute.
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wool
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You need to select a fiber for an area rug that will be in a sunny entry. Which fiber is the best choice?
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acrylic
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A HWM rayon is superior to a viscose rayon because it
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has better wet strength
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Which fiber "felts" when laundered?
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wool
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After burning part of a filament fabric, and finding that it smells like burning paper, you apply acetone to the fabric. The fabric dissolves. The fabric is most likely made of
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100% acetate
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What was the first thermoplastic fiber on the market?
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acetate
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A 100% flax fabric is called
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linen
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Staple fibers are the basis for making textured yarns.
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false
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Fabrics made from worsted yarns are softer and generally fuzzier than fabrics made from woolen yarns.
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false
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Crepe twist yarns are yarns with very high twist.
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true
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Texturized filament yarns may have
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all of the above
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A potential garment performance problem related to the use of textured polyester yarn fabric is
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snagging
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Spun yarns are generally smoother, stronger and more lustrous than filament yarns.
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False
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Combed yarn cotton is spun from fiber which is
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long staple
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The word used to describe the size or weight of filament yarns is denier. Answer Question 8 answers
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True
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Yarns that have interesting surface effects such as lumps and curls are called ______ yarns.
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novelty
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Assuming all else is the same, the yarn that would result in the sheerest polyester chiffon is
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30 denier yarn
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You wish to imitate a wool sweater with a manufactured fiber. Which should you buy?
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Dralon®
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A reason for using plied spun yarns instead of singles is
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stronger than singles when both are the same size.
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When two or more fibers are present in a single-spun yarn, it is called a blended yarn.
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True
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The combination of fibers you would look for in a "one size fits all" garment to get the best combination of strength and stretch is
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nylon/spandex
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Textured yarns are generally bright and lustrous.
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false
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Yarns composed of relatively short lengths of fiber are called novelty yarns.
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False
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Comparing yarns of high twist with yarns of low twist, generally you would find that
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high twist is stronger.
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Work clothes are best made from
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cotton
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Most textured yarns are produced from fibers which are
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thermoplastic
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Very fine cotton yarns are called carded yarns.
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False
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The most rapid and economical change that can be made on a loom is
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change the filling yarn
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Selvage is a term used to describe
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the finished edge of a woven fabric.
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Which loom will produce fabric the fastest?
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shuttleless loom
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To make woven fabrics, yarns are
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interlaced
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The simplest and most used weave is
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plain
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If all yarns remain the same size, as the picks per inch are increased, you get
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increased cost and weight
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Ribs are the horizontal ridges in a woven fabric.
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True
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Rib and basket weaves are variations of the
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plain weave
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A weave which produces a diagonal line in the cloth
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twill
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Lengthwise yarns are known as
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warp
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Dobby shirting is a name of a fabric which has
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small geometric designs woven in
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Assuming all is equal except the weave, which fabric is the least likely to snag?
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plain weave
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Velvet is an example of
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a cut warp pile weave
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You want to stock a line of expensive evening jackets, for women, that have an elaborate woven-in design. You would look for a fabric made with a
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jacquard weave
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When purchasing an open weave fabric for curtains, the most stable fabric would be made in the
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leno weave
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The pile weave fabric listed below is
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corduroy
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Marquisette fabric is made from an open weave in which warp yarns twist around the filling yarns. The name of this weave is
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leno weave
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Luster in satin fabrics is a result of
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all of the above
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In a basket-weave fabric
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two or more warp yarns pass over and under two or more filling yarns
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Floats in a fabric
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all of the above.
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The simplest and most used weave is
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plain
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Floats in a fabric
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all of the above.
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Selvage is a term used to describe
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the finished edge of a woven fabric.
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Usually the thinner yarns in a woven fabric are the filling yarns.
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False
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The most rapid and economical change that can be made on a loom is
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change the filling yarn
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A fabric with a jacquard design used as a tablecloth is damask.
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True
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Gabardine fabric is usually made with a twill weave.
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True
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If all yarns remain the same size, as the picks per inch are increased, you get
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increased cost and weight
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Which woven fabric uses yarns to create a ribbed effect?
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all of these
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When a yarn passes over two or more adjacent yarns, it is referred to as
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float
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Mosquito netting fabric is best made with a leno weave.
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True
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A herringbone design is made with a satin weave.
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False
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The most rapid and economical change that can be made on a loom is
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change the filling yarn
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Ribs are the horizontal ridges in a woven fabric.
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True
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Tapestry is made with dobby designs on a dobby loom.
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False
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Which loom will produce fabric the fastest?
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shuttleless loom
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Fabrics elongate most in which direction?
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bias
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The pile weave fabric listed below is
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corduroy
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Wale is a term used with velvet fabric.
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False
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Velvet is an example of
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a cut warp pile weave
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Rib knits are most commonly used for
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wrists and neck openings of sweaters
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The most rapid textile production is
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tricot
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A knit shirt/top made of a cotton rib knit would generally be a heavier fabric with greater stretch than one made of cotton jersey knit.
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True
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A course in a knit fabric is a horizontal row of stitches.
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True
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Fashion marks on a knitted garment are an indication that
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it is of better quality
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The lengthwise grain in a knit fabric corresponds to the _____, the _____ is the crosswise grain
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wales, courses
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The tuck stitch may be used to
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a and b are both correct
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Most weft knitting is circular knitting.
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True
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Knitted stripes in a weft knit fabric are usually horizontal stripes.
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True
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Jersey fabrics look the same on both sides.
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False
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The knitted fabric most used in lingerie is
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tricot
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The crochet look currently popular in tops and the thermal knit made for long underwear are both usually made on a _____ knitting machine.
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raschel
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Raschel knits are
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warp knits
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Raschel knitting can be used to make
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lace and open fabrics
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Tricot fabrics may be recognized by a slightly zigzag/diagonal series of yarns on one side.
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True
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The higher the number of the cut in a knit fabric
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the greater wales per inch
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Warp knits as compared to weft knits are generally
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more stable than weft knits
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Laid-in yarns in weft and warp knitting
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improve stability of knit fabrics
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Most T-shirts are made from circular knit jersey.
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True
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Sliver knitting is used to produce
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fake fur fabric
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Which of these products would be the most appropriate use for felt fabric?
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hats
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Practically all embroidery sold in the UNited States is machine-made on the
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Schiffli machine
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Which of the following structures will provide a greater degree of insulation?
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foam laminate
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Nonwoven materials are important in
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all of the above
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While some would argue that real lace must be handmade, which machine was designed to make lace?
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leavers machine
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Felt fabrics
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all of the above are true.
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Disposable nonwoven wipes are being used in consumer facial care for cleaning and moisterizing.
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True
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Most carpets in the United States are made by
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tufting
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When thermoplastic fibers are used to produce nonwoven material, they are usually held together by adhesive.
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False
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Nonwoven products
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can be biodegradable and eco-friendly
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Solution dyed colors are not possible with
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cotton
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A fabric that changes color when subjected to different lighting conditions has a problem called:
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metamerism
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Which class of coloring can be used on any fiber?
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pigments
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The least expensive method of dyeing listed is
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piece dyeing
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The dye method used to produce a green and white plaid pattern in a 100% cotton broadcloth is
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yarn dyeing
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Heather effect in a 100% woolen fabric is accomplished by _______ dyeing.
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stock
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Last minute color decisions are possible when you use ______ dyeing.
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garment
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No single dye class is capable of dyeing all textile fibers.
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True
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Pigment coloring may be done as fiber, yarn, piece or garment.
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False
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One difficulty with computer shade matching and dye formulations is that there is no way to control metamerism.
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False
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Pigment prints and heat transfer prints are practically the same and one would have difficulty in identifying one from the other.
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False
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In producing resist prints, fabric is first dyed then printed with a chemical which removes the original color in the pattern area.
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False
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Pigment (dry) prints should only be dry cleaned, not laundered.
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False
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A direct print is one in which
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the design is printed onto a white fabric
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In a print pattern, getting the colors to match up correctly without distortion or unintended overlap is called
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registration
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Warp prints can be identified because examination of the fabric will reveal that the fabric warp yarns possess a printed patte
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True
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The method of printing likely to be used to produce a drapery fabric with a large repeat pattern in an exclusive limited production design would be
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flatbed or automatic screen printing
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Which print method would best simulate woven dotted swiss?
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flock printing
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Heat-transfer printing would be most effective on a fabric made from
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100% polyester interlock
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The print method that produces the fewest yards of second quality fabric is
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heat-transfer printing
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An overprint is a print where
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the design is printed onto a previously dyed fabric
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The ageing of prints refers to
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setting of print colors by steaming
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Heat-transfer printing would be most effective on a fabric made from
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100% polyester interlock
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Similar effects to discharge printing are obtained by using
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overprinting
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A pigment print is identifiable because
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the printed design is stiffer than the rest of the fabric
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The method of printing likely to be used to produce a drapery fabric with a large repeat pattern in an exclusive limited production design would be
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flatbed or automatic screen printing
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Roller printing is advantageous when large yardage of the same patterns need to be printed.
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True
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Unlike solid color dyeing, metamerism will not be a problem with the colors in printed designs.
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False
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Hand screen, automatic flat screen and rotary screen are the three categories of screen printing.
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True
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The print method that produces the fewest yards of second quality fabric is
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heat-transfer printing
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A finish used on faille fabric to give it a water-stained or tree bark appearance is
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moire
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A finish that would ensure that a 100% cotton woven fabric would not shrink in laundering is
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compressive shrinkage
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Fabrics that are given a resin finish to improve wrinkle resistance have a tendency to become
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stiffer
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Glazed chintz is produced by
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calender operations
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A finish used on wool fabric that would make it desirable for use in an overcoat is
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fulling
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Permanent shrink resistance on thermoplastic fiber fabrics can be achieved by
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heat setting
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Flame resistant, flame retardant, fire resistant, and fire retardant are all synonymous terms used interchangeably in the textile industry.
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True
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Residual shrinkage is the continuing shrinkage which occurs each time a garment is laundered or dry cleaned.
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False
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Foam finishing of fabrics may be done to conserve water, heat energy and reductions in waste disposals.
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True
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Mercerizing cotton
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all of the above
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Finishes using microcapsules can provide the following effect
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all of these
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Finishing now uses nano technology to provide certain fabric properties. Define nano technology:
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manipulating molecular structures
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Flame resistant finishes must be used on all fabrics used in hospitals.
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False
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Permanent embossed finishes can be achieved when
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the fabrics are made from thermoplastic fibers
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Cotton organdy is an example of a finish known as acid stiffening.
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True
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Ultraviolet-absorbent finishes or fabric provide protection from effects of sunlight.
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True
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Fabrics marketed under the sanforized trade name have been resin treated and are durable press.
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False
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A closely woven fabric, usually nylon, with a shiny wet look appearance will have a ciré finish.
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True
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A chemical finish for softening cotton fabrics involves the application of silicone compounds.
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True
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Garments with durable-press finishes have better resistance to abrasion than similar garments without durable press.
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False
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Oily soils such as gravy stains and motor oil stains are best removed by
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dry cleaning
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Enzyme pre-treatments should be used to remove stains such as coffee, fruit stains, gravey, etc. from wool or silk garments.
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false
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With commercial dry cleaning
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vitually no chemical damage to garments occur
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Soaps in hard water
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a and b
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Re-deposition is caused by
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insufficient quantity of soap or detergent
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Fluorescent brighteners used in many packaged soaps are most useful in
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natural daylight
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The functioning of a bleach accomplishes
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oxidation of certain soils, stains, and pigments
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Hard water
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contains dissolved calcium or magnesium salts
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Fashion designers should avoid combining heavy-weight and light-weight fabrics in the same garment because they may present later problems in dry cleaning.
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true
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Practically all dyed or printed fabrics are colorfast to dry cleaning.
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true
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A push/pull fabric may be constructed of woven or knitted material.
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True
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Detergents containing phosphates have been banned in some locales because they cause environmental imbalances in sewers and waste streams.
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true
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COOLMAX® is
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modified polyester that functions as a moisture transport
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Cold weather insulation fabrics depend on
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all of the above
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Fabrics with a vinyl plastic coating
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become stiff and brittle when dry cleaned
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Which buttons and accessories made from the following material will dissolve in dry cleaning solvent (perchlorethylene)?
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polystyrene
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Polartec® is an insulation fabric that is
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knitted
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Gore-tex® is a material
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completely waterproof and breathable
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Primaloft® is an insulation fabric that is
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a microdenier batting
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Polypropylene fiber is used as a component in many moisture transport fabrics because of its ability to wick moisture.
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True
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Naugahyde® is a well known plastic product used to make textile fibers.
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False
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Nano technology is the science and technology of manipulating molecular structures.
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True
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Which of these is classified as a geotextile application?
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all of these
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One method of providing moisture transport capabilities on fibers is
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chemically grafting hydrophilic molecules to hydrophobic fibers
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Which of these is considered a plastic fiber?
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nylon
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Vinyl plastic can be made to look like leather by
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calendering process
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Why is Gore-tex® waterproof yet breathable?
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water molecules are larger than air molecules
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Nanotechnology
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can permanently alter fiber properties
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Push-pull fabrics are
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a hydrophobic fiber yarn next to the skin; a hydrophilic fiber yarn on the next layer.
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Moisture transport fabrics are usually made from cotton.
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False
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Stitching of components for quilts and comforters may be done by sewing methods or by electronic welding.
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True
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An important property of drapery fabrics is
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fastness to sunlight
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Shag carpet is characterized by its Iona pile yarns which lie down rather than stand erect.
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True
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Carpeting can be woven or tufted, but not knitted.
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False
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A mandatory federal regulation requires that carpeting meet specific minimum standards for
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flammability
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A common construction for window casement cloth would be
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leno weave
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Railroading a pattern means
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the fabric length may be used horizontally in pattern repeat without seaming (on a sofa, for example)
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The primary reason for not using wool as a carpet fiber is that it cannot be made permanently moth-proof.
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False
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An interior designer selecting carpeting for a commercial (contract) installation
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must obtain up-to-date pertinent fire code standards for the local installation area
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Frieze is the name of a fabric and also the name of a particular carpet pile.
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True
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Wilton and Axminster carpets are
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types of woven carpet
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Fabrics used for upholstery should meet certain prescribed standards for seam slippage.
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True
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A coating latex applied to the carpet back provides dimensional stability.
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True
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Which of the following fibers would be inappropriate for an unlined drapery?
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nylon
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Flamestitch is the name of a
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fabric design or pattern
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Anti-static properties in carpeting can never be made permanent. Frequent renewal is therefore required.
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False
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A carpet padding has no effect on the durability of a carpet.
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False
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A widely used jacquard woven fabric for dining room table cloths is called
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damask
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Fabrics made from acetate when used for curtains should be
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solution dyed
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Upholstery fabrics can never be made flame resistant unless the fiber is inherently fire-retardant.
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False
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A factor that improves covering power is
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fiber crimp
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What would be the result if the filling yarns of a 100% cotton plain-weave fabric are replaced with slub novelty yarns of similar weight?
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the abrasion resistance will be reduced
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Which factor in fabric construction which would increase the resistance to abrasion
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high yarns per inch
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A pick glass will help in a clearer examination of fabrics.
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True
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Which of the following statements is true?
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tightly twisted yarns reduce flammability
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A six ounce per square yard fabric would probably be used for pants (bottom-weight).
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True
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A 100 x 70 fabric should be weaker than a comparable 80 ⋅ 60 fabric.
answer
False
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One designation used to express fabric weight is linear yards per pound.
answer
True
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A napped (brushed) fabric will prbably provide less insulation than if it were not napped.
answer
False
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A woven fabric with flat yarns will probably have poorer cover than a comparably made fabric with thin, round yarns.
answer
False
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A fabric normally tested for bursting strengths:
answer
jersey knit
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Reasons for fluctuations in the data when testing a textile material include
answer
all answers correct
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Independent textile testing laboratories are
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used to verify a product's claim
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Colorfastness to crocking is especially important for
answer
piece dyed fabrics used for upholstery
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A fabric with high tear strength and low breaking strength
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gauze
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The wear test
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provides excellent results
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Textile product testing is expanding because of
answer
all of the above
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Fiber with which there is a major colorfastness to gas fading problem
answer
acetate
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The fabric on which pills are more likely to occur:
answer
brushed polyester sweater
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Difficulties in making direct correlations between textile tests and fabric end use include:
answer
all of the above
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Substances that are detrimental to the environment can contaminate
answer
all of the above
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Information and responsibility regarding sustainable fashion flows
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all answers correct
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Cleaning products that meet Eco Logo and Green Seal safety standards are encouraged to be used.
answer
True
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A product that is labeled "environmentally friendly."
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Probably causes little or no harm to the environment
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Majority of shoppers are influenced mainly by sustainability and not color and style.
answer
False
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Product usually recycled
answer
dry cleaning solvent
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Very few countries grow organic cotton.
answer
False
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Safety regulations require workers in some areas of a mill or plant to wear acoustical protection.
answer
True
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Recycling
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none of these is true
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The Consumer Product Safety Commission is responsible for flammability standards of textile
answer
True
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Which fabrication is the best choice to make men's pajamas for Christmas?
answer
Cotton flannelette
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A crimped fiber will usually give a fabric ______ than if it were thin and straight.
answer
Better cover
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Which fabrication has warmth achieved through its method of construction?
answer
Cotton flannelette
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A durable fabric usually contains fibers which are
answer
Abrasion resistant
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What do suede and flannel have in common?
answer
Finishing
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If the filling yarns of 100% cotton plain-weave fabric are replaced with slub novelty yarns of similar weight.
answer
the abrasion resistance will be reduced
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You make carpeting at popular prices, which fabrication do you use?
answer
Nylon tufted pile
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Which item would most likely be constructed from staple yarns?
answer
Blanket
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If you manufactured bathing suits, which fabrication would you use?
answer
Nylon/spandex filling knit
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The shape and size of manufactured fibers are determined by
answer
The spinnerette
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According to TFPIA, Asia could be the country of origin for an imported garment.
answer
False
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The Care Labeling Act
answer
applies to almost all apparel products
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The Flammable Fabrics Act specifies that the item that must be made flame retardent is
answer
an infant's pajamas
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Which is automatically exempt from the requirements of the Permanent Care Label Act?
answer
gloves
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A manufacturer of a sheer blouse might request an exemption under the Care Labeling Act for the following reason
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the use of a sewn-in label would detract from the appearance of the blouse
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According to TFPIA, "pima cotton" can be included on the label but "solution-dyed acetate" can not.
answer
False
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The Flammable Fabrics Act places the testing responsibility upon the
answer
manufacturer
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Who is responsible for the accuracy of a care label?
answer
garment manufacturer
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The Flammable Fabrics Act
answer
is a federal law that applies to most apparel and home furnishings products
question
Which of these labels is correct?
answer
60% acetate, 40% wool
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