test out chapter 1 Practice Questions – Flashcards
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The primary modifier key on Apple systems, used like the Ctrl key on a Windows system.
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C Command The primary modifier key on Apple systems, used like the Ctrl key on a Windows system. Explanation The Command key is the primary modifier key on Apple systems. For users familiar with Windows systems, the Command key can be though of as the Ctrl key.
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Primarily used for text document navigation.
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D Control Primarily used for text document navigation. Explanation The Control key is primarily used for text document navigation. For example, Control +H deletes the character to the left of the cursor.
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Used for application and navigation shortcuts.
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A Option Used for application and navigation shortcuts. Explanation The Option key is used for application shortcuts and navigation shortcuts. For example, Option+Right/Left Arrow navigates between words in a text document.
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Typically only found on Apple notebooks and is used to access the F1-F12 keys on the keyboard
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B Fn Typically only found on Apple notebooks and is used to access the F1-F12 keys on the keyboard. Explanation The Fn key is typically only found on Apple notebooks and is used to access the F1-F12 keys on the keyboard.
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You're working on a Mac computer that has an issue with a non-responsive application. You need to stop the application using the Force Quit feature. Which of the following keyboard shortcuts can be used to access the Force Quit feature?
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Command+Option+Esc Explanation Force Quit can be accessed from the Apple menu or the keyboard shortcut Command+Option+Esc. Force Quit is used to stop non-responsive processes and applications. It can also be used to restart the Finder service.
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Which of the following Mac features is used to launch apps, switch between running apps, access the Trash, and also to access specific folders.
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Dock Explanation The Dock is the main taskbar in Mac OS. The Dock is used to launch apps, switch between running apps, access the Trash, and also access specific folders. Terminal is Mac OS's command line interface utility. It is extremely similar to the terminal used in Linux systems. Spotlight is an indexing utility that can perform system- wide searches to locate folders, files, apps, and Internet results that contain the specified search phrase. Mission Control is a desktop and windows management utility that is used to access several Mac OS features.
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You can use these finger motions to perform specific functions on a Mac OS system: Right-click: Tap with two fingers to right-click. Smart zoom: Double-tap with two fingers to zoom in on a web page, image, or document (double-tap again to zoom out). Scroll: Slide up or down using two fingers to scroll up or down. Zoom: Spread two fingers apart to zoom in. Bring fingers back together to zoom out. Page navigation: Slide two fingers left or right to navigate between pages in a document. Mission Control: Slide four fingers straight up to open Mission Control. All apps: Slide four fingers straight down to display all windows of the active app. What is the name of the Mac feature that makes these finger motions available?
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Gestures Explanation Gestures is the name of the Mac feature that makes these finger motions available to perform specific functions on a a Mac OS system: Right-click: Tap with two fingers to right-click. Smart zoom: Double-tap with two fingers to zoom in on a web page, image, or document (double-tap again to zoom out). Scroll: Slide up or down using two fingers to scroll up or down. Zoom: Spread two fingers apart to zoom in. Bring fingers back together to zoom out. Page navigation: Slide two fingers left or right to navigate between pages in a document. Mission Control: Slide four fingers straight up to open Mission Control. All apps: Slide four fingers straight down to display all windows of the active app.
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Mission Control is a desktop and windows management utility that is used to access several Mac OS features. Which of the following are Mac features accessed through Mission Control?
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Multiple Desktops All Windows Dashboard Explanation Mission Control is a desktop and windows management utility that is used to access several Mac OS features: Multiple Desktops: At the top of Mission Control is the Multiple Desktops feature that is used to manage and navigate between multiple desktops. All Windows: When activated, Mission Control tiles all application windows on the screen and groups multiple windows from the same application together. Dashboard: From Mission Control, the Dashboard can be accessed, which contains Mac OS widgets.
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You are looking at a female TRS connector on the computer. Which device uses this connector?
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Speaker Explanation A TRS connector is used for audio connectors such as speakers and microphones. Keyboards use either a PS/2 connector or a USB connector. Joysticks typically use a USB connector, though some connect through a DB-15 connector. Monitors use one of the many graphic ports, such as a VGA port, DVI port, or HDMI port.
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You purchased a new LED monitor for your computer. On the back of the monitor you see the following port (pictured below). Which type of cable should you use to connect the monitor to your computer?
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DisplayPort cable Explanation The pictured port is a DisplayPort, and uses a DisplayPort cable. DisplayPorts are used by HD displays, such as LED and LCD monitors. DisplayPorts can be identified by their rectangular shape, with one beveled corner. HDMI ports have two beveled corners and are a bit smaller than DisplayPorts. VGA ports have three rows of 5 pin holes. DVI ports are larger than other video ports and have up to 24 pin holes.
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You are connecting an older, dot matrix printer to a computer. The printer's cable is a D-shaped connector with 25 pins. Which port type does the printer connect to?
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Parallel Explanation A D-shaped, 25-pin connector connects to the parallel port (DB-25 port) of a computer. Parallel connectors are used with older devices, such as dot matrix printers. Serial ports have nine pins and are used with serial devices (e.g., barcode scanners). VGA ports have 15 pins ( three rows of five pins) and are used with VGA monitors. USB ports are rectangular in shape and are typically not used with older devices.
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You are providing telephone support for a user who is trying to connect a computer to a projector. You know that the projector only has a VGA port. How would you describe the connector that the user should look for?
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D-shaped with 15 pins. Explanation VGA ports, also called DE-15 ports, are named for their characteristic D-shape and 15 pins. A D-shaped port with 25 pins describes a parallel ports. A round port with 6 pins describes a PS/2 port. A rectangle port with one beveled corner describes a DisplayPort.
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A- HDMI
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HDMI- connects HDMI display devices.
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B- Thunderbolt
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Thunderbolt- Combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort signals into a single interface.
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C- IEEE 1394
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IEEE 1394- Connects devices that require fast communication speeds.
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D-USB
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USB-Connects external USB device (e.g., keyboard, mouse, printer, and storage devices)
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E-VGA
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VGA- Connects VGA display devices.
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F- DVI
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DVI- Connects DVI display devices.
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G- RJ45
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RJ45- Connects the computer to an Ethernet network.
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H-RJ11
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RJ11- Used by telephones and modems to send analogue signals.
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I- Fiber S/PDIF
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Fiber S/PDIF-sends a digital audio signal to high-end audio devices, such as home theatre systems.
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J- Audio Jack
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Audio jacks- Connects analogue audio devices (e.g., speakers, headphones, microphones).
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Explanation
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Peripheral devices use specific connector types to connect to a computer. The following connector types are pictured: HDMI- Used to send high-quality, digital video and audio signals to LCD monitors and HDTVs. Fiber S/PDIF- Used for home theatre systems or Dolby Digital surround sound systems. IEEE 1394- Used to connect devices that require fast communication speeds, such as video cameras and external hard drives. VGA (DB-15)- Used by analogue monitors. DVI- Used by digital monitors, does not carry audio. RJ45- Used by Ethernet network adapters and other networking devices. USB- Used by USB devices (e.g., external storage devices) RJ11- Used by dial-modems TRS jack- Used by analogue audio devices (e.g., speakers and headphones)
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Which of the following are considered computer hardware?
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Motherboard Printer Explanation The physical components that compose a computer system or network. Common hardware components include the following: Keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer. Connectors and cables. Hard Disk Drives. Circuit boards Instructions or data that are stored electronically, either on a hard drive or a special chip. Software components include the following: Operating systems Program application Hardware drivers (special programs that tell the operating system how to use the hardware)
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Which computer function takes data through a series of procedures as defined by a set of instructions?
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Processing Explanation Processing is the flow of data through a series of procedures as defined by a set of instructions. Storage is the act of saving or maintaining data. Output is the processes of presenting, displaying, or giving data. Networking is the practice of connecting two or more computers.
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You need to replace a broken monitor on a desktop system. You decide to replace it with a spare monitor that wasn't being used. Even though the monitor is made by a different manufacturer than the desktop computer, it still works with the computer. Which computer design concept makes this possible?
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Standardization Explanation Standardization allows components from different manufacturers to be interchangeable. If a component meets the specified standards, it will work in the computer-- regardless of manufacturer. Componentization means that a computer is a combination of several constituent parts that can be easily replaced by a field=replaceable unit (FRU). Firmware is a special type of software that has been embedded in the memory of a hardware component. Plug and play allows devices to work with computers without the need for additional configuration on the computer.
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Which of the following are considered input devices?
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Scanner Microphone Keyboard Explanation The movement of data or commands to the internal computer hardware. Input devices include: Keyboard Touchscreen Scanner Digital camera Microphone RAM is considered a processing device. A monitor and keyboard are considered output devices.
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Hard disk drive
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Storage
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Printer
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Output
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Touchscreen
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Input
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CPU
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Processing
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Speakers
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Output
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RAM
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Processing
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DVD-RW
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Storage
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Microphone
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Input
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Explanation
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Each computer hardware component performs a specific function. Touchscreen, microphone- Input CPU, RAM- Processing Hard disk drive, DVD-RW- Storage Speakers, printer- Output Routers, switches- Networking
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Which connector on the back of a computer is used to attach a mouse to a modern PC system?
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USB A Explanation A mouse is most commonly attached to a computer using a USB A connector. 6-pin mini-DIN connectors were used to attach a mouse in the past, however mini-DIN connectors are not used today. DB-15 connector with two rows is commonly used for joysticks. The DB-15 connector with three rows is used for connecting CRT monitors to the video card. The RJ-45 connector is used fro Ethernet network connections. USB B connectors are commonly used for connecting printers and scanners.
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You are looking at a high-density (three-row) female DB-15 connector on the computer as shown in the figure below. What device uses this connector?
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VGA/SVGA monitors Explanation A VGA/SVGA monitor uses a high-density (three-row) female DB-15 connector on the computer. Serial devices, such as external modems, connect to a male DB-9 connector, IEEE 1284 parallel devices, such as printers, connect to DB-25 connectors. USB storage devices use USB connectors.
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You are helping a customer over the phone who needs to connect a monitor that uses a digital interface. Which port should you instruct her to look for on the back of her PC?
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DVI Explanation Modern digital monitors use a DVI connector (typically DVI-D or DVI-I). Serial DB-15 connectors are used for external serial devices such as modems. DB-15 3-row connectors are used to connect older analogue SVGA monitors. Firewire 6-pin connectors are used to connect firewire devices such as external hard disks and video cameras.
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What would you enter at the command prompt to start a new Bourne-again shell (bash) session?
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bash Explanation The bash command opens a Bourne-again sheel (bash) session. The Bourne-again shell (bash) is the standard shell used in most Linux computers. It uses commands similar to a UNIX shell. Bash includes features such as: Command completion when pressing the tab key. Command history. Improved arithmetic functions.
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What would you enter at the command prompt on a Linux system to display the present working directory?
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pwd Use pwd to show the present working directory.
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What would you enter at the command prompt on a Linux system to display the IP addresses and the subnet masks assigned to each network interface on a Linux system?
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ifconfig Explanation The ifconfig command displays the IP addresses and the subnet masks assigned to each network interface installed on a Linux system.
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What would you enter at the command prompt on a Linux system to display a list of files and subdirectories that exist within the present working directory?
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ls Explanation The ls command displays a list of files and subdirectories that exist on a Linux system within the present working directory.
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You are logged in as a user with limited system privileges. You are the Linux system administrator and you have the password to the root user account. When you need to switch to root user to perform administrative task, what command would enter at the command prompt? Tip: The command must switch to the home directory and environment variables assigned to the root user.
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su - Explanation The su - command switches ownerships of the current session to the root user. Entering a space and a dash after su ensures that you will have to access to the home directory and environment variables assigned to the root user. You will be required to enter the root user password to proceed after entering the su - command.
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You want to know more about the usage, command syntax, and the options available with the Linux ifconfig command. What would you enter at the command prompt to display this information about ifconfig?
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man ifconfig Explanation Entering man ifconfig will display the manual page for the ifconfig command. It's very similar to the help screen, but it provides more detail.
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Which Windows component can be used to display information such as weather forecasts, time, and news headlines on the desktop?
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Gadgets Explanation Windows gadgets can be used to display weather forecasts, notes, time, news headlines, or virtually any other information on the desktop. On Windows 7, gadgets can be displayed on the desktop. Gadgets are small, single-programs that you can add or remove from the desktop. Computer Management provides quick access to commonly-used management application. Notification Area displays the time and date, and icons that represent the applications and processes that are running behind the scenes on your computer. User Account Control (UAC) prompts the user for credentials or permission in an effort to minimize the dangers of unwanted actions or unintended software installations.
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Which component of Windows prompts the user for credentials or permission to minimize the dangers of unintended software installations?
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User Account Control (UAC) Explanation User Account Control (UAC) prompts the user for credentials or permission in an effort to minimize the dangers of unwanted actions or unintended software installation. Windows firewall protects the system from network attacks. Windows Firewall with Advanced Security (WFAS) is a feature with provides advanced firewall settings beyond the program or service rules enforced by Windows Firewall. Windows Defender scans software for malicious code.
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Which of the following items are likely to be displayed in the Notification Area of a computer running the Windows operating system?
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A volume control The current time. Explanation By default, the Notification Area is at the far right end of the task bar at the bottom of the computer screen. The Notification Area often displays the current system time, a volume control icon, and an icon allowing the control of display properties. Additionally, third party software may add icons to the Notification Area that provide shortcuts to specialized programs. The bulk of the Task Bar itself is dedicated to displaying icons for currently running applications. Windows 10 automatically add the most recently used applications to the dynamic "Most Used" sub menu of the Start Menu.
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Which Windows tool would you use to browse the file system on a drive?
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Windows Explorer File Explorer Computer Explanation Computer, Windows Explorer, and File Explorer are graphical user interfaces designed to give the user easy access to the file system. The Taskbar shows running programs and icons for launching programs. The Notification Area shows icons for running services and notifications. Network acts as a built-in network browser showing all networks and shared folders to which the user has access.
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Which operating system (s) include the following features? Cortana Cloud storage Contimuum Microsoft Store Microsoft Edge
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Windows 10 Explanation Windows 10 has the following new features: Customizable Start Menu- Let's you to organize your apps and shortcuts. Microsoft Store- Allows you to purchase music, videos, games, and apps. Cortana- Provides you with a personal assistant for web searching. This feature is only available in the United States, United Kingdom, China, France, Italy, Germany, and Spain. This feature is hardware dependent. Windows Hello-- Uses face and fingerprint sign in. This feature is hardware dependent. Photos app-- Organizes photos and videos in one location. Cloud storage-- Provides integrated access to OneDrive, which provides free storage space in the cloud (optional). Continuum-- Allows you to switch between PC, tablet, and phones modes. This feature is hardware dependent.
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What is the name of the set of features that improves the visual appearance of Windows? These features include, but are not limited, the following: Glass effects Window animations Flip 3D Snap Shake
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Aero Explanation Windows Aero is a set of features that improves the visual appearance of Windows. Features of Aero include: Glass effects on window borders that make borders semi-transparent (translucent). Window animations when windows are opened or closed. Taskbar thumbnails show the contents of an open windows when you move the mouse over items on the taskbar. Windows Flip shows thumbnails of running programs when you use the Alt+Tab keys to switch between running programs. Aero Flip 3D is activated with the Window + Tab key shows an expanded 3D view of running programs. The Show Desktop button (on the right side of the Taskbar) hides all open windows. Hovering over the button makes the content of all open windows disappear (called Peek). Snap is a new feature that maximizes a window as your drag its border to the edge of the screen. Snapping multiple windows on the screen tiles them side-by-side. In Windows 10, Snap is limited to four apps on the desktop and two apps on a tablet. Shake lets you hide all but the current window. Click the top window border, and shake the mouse to hide or unhide all other open windows.
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Which of the following is the term used for a set of programs that acts as an interface between the applications that are running on a computer and the computer's hardware?
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Operating system. Explanation An operating system is a set of programs that acts as an interface between the applications that are running on a computer and the computer's hardware. Operating systems perform actions such as: Receiving user input from input hardware devices such as the keyboard or mouse. Sending user output to output hardware devices such as the monitor or a printer. Controlling the use of processing devices by applications. Serving as a platform for applications. Moderating hardware. Providing security. Managing the file system.
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Multiprocessing
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Ability to use multiple processing devices.
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Multitasking
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Ability to run multiple applications simultaneously.
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Multithreading
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Ability to run multiple parts of an application simultaneously.
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Explanation
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Some operating systems also have attributes such as: Multiprocessing is the ability to use multiple processing devices. Multitasking is the ability to run multiple applications simultaneously. Multithreading is the ability to run multiple parts of an application simultaneously.
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Which of the following is the name of the core of the operating system that is loaded into memory when the system boots up? This part of the operating system is responsible for Controlling security Managing the file system Providing a platform for applications to run on
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Kernel Explanation The kernel is the core of the operating system that is loaded into memory when the system boots up. The kernel is responsible for Controlling security. Managing the file system. Providing a platform for applications to run on.
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You need to find a file that you saved on your computer. You will have to search for it because you don't remember which directory it was saved in. Which feature improves the speed of file searches on your computer?
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Indexing service Explanation Windows includes a new indexing service that catalogues objects and files on your computer to improve the speed of searches on your computer. The search is typically fast because it is not searching the complete hard drive but instead is looking though the index. Aero Flip 3D shows an expanded 3D view of running programs. Windows Explorer provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for viewing and managing the file system. Quick Launch is a toolbar that contains shortcuts to designated programs. Cloud storage is an optional tool that provides integrated access to OneDrive, which provides free storage space in the cloud.
