Measles Mumps Rubella Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Measles Mumps Rubella?

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) are highly contagious infectious diseases that can cause severe complications if not treated properly. Measles is caused by the paramyxovirus and is spread through airborne droplets from sneezes or coughs. Symptoms include rash, fever, and sore throat. Complications from the measles virus can include pneumonia, encephalitis (swelling of the brain), and death. Mumps is caused by a virus in the paramyxovirus family as well and is spread through saliva or respiratory secretions. Common symptoms of mumps include infection of salivary glands which cause swelling in the face, fever, headache, and muscle aches. Rare complications can occur like meningitis (inflammation of membranes that cover the brain) or deafness due to damage to the inner ear. Rubella (also known as German Measles) is a milder form of measles caused by a different virus in the same family called rubivirus. It’s most commonly spread through coughing or sneezing but it can also be passed from mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth. Symptoms usually appear two weeks after exposure including fever and rash along with pink eye which should go away within three days without treatment. If a pregnant woman contracts rubella it may lead to miscarriage or stillbirth as well as birth defects such as cataracts or hearing loss for babies born alive with this condition known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The best way to prevent these illnesses is receiving vaccinations for MMR which are usually given in two doses before age 5 but may need boosters into adulthood depending on when they were first received; there are also additional shots available for adults who have had only one dose of MMR vaccine previously but require additional protection against either mumps or rubella specifically such as those at risk for occupational exposure to either disease like healthcare workers or laboratory technicians working with human samples containing mumps virus particles etc. People who cannot receive vaccines due to medical conditions should take extra precautions like avoiding contact with people who have been recently exposed to any of these viruses especially pregnant women since contracting any one could lead serious consequences for both mother/child depending on timing/stage gestation period when infected occurred so caution must be taken.