A client with renal failure continues to put out adequate urine. What form of acute renal failure is the client experiencing? A. Prerenal B. Intrarenal C. Nonoliguric D. Postrenal

ANS: C Some clients have a nonoliguric form of ARF, in which urine output remains near normal. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/care-of-patients-with-acute-renal-failure-and-chronic-kidney-disease/

A client with acute renal failure develops hyperkalemia. What drug should the nurse be prepared to administer? A. Kayexalate B. Furosemide C. Dopamine D. Mannitol

ANS: A Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene) is a cation exchange resin that exchanges sodium for potassium. This drug can be given orally or as a retention enema. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/care-of-patients-with-acute-renal-failure-and-chronic-kidney-disease/

Which medication taken by a client diagnosed with acute renal failure may be a potential cause of the disorder? A. Acetaminophen B. Furosemide C. Ibuprofen D. Lanoxin

ANS: C Acute renal failure can be caused by certain medications considered to have a nephrotoxic effect, such as NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/care-of-patients-with-acute-renal-failure-and-chronic-kidney-disease/

Which cause of hypertension is the most common in acute renal failure? 1) Pulmonary edema 2) Hypervolemia 3) Hypovolemia 4) Anemia

2) Acute renal failure causes hypervolemia as a result of overexpansion of extracellular fluid and plasma volume with the hypersecretion of rennin. Therefore, hypervolemia causes hypertension. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/acute-renal-failure-kidney-transplants-practice-questions-2/

Which of the following is used to decrease potassium level seen in acute renal failure? a) Kayexalate b) Calcium supplements c) IV dextrose 50% d) Sorbitol

Kayexalate More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/medsurg-final-exam/

The client with acute renal failure has a serum potassium of 6.0 mEq/L. The nurse would plan which of the following as a priority action? a) check the sodium level b) place the client on a cardiac monitor c) encourage increased vegetables in the diet d) allow an extra 500 ml of fluid intake to dilute the electrolyte concentration

b) place the client on a cardiac monitor More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/acute-renal-failure-kidney-transplants-practice-questions-2/

7. A nurse is caring for a client who has acute renal failure. Which of the following assessments provides the most accurate measure of the client’s fluid status?

Daily weight Rationale: According to the evidence-based priority-setting framework, daily weight provides important information about the client’s fluid status. A gain or loss of 1 kg (2.2 lb) indicates a gain or loss of 1 liter of fluid; therefore, weighing the client daily will provide the nurse with the most accurate fluid status measurement. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/fndmntls-fnl-501/

Which sign indicated the second phase of acute renal failure? 1. Daily doubling of urine output (4 to 5 L/day) 2. Urine output less than 400 ml/day 3. Urine output less than 100 ml/day 4. Stabilization of renal function

1. Daily doubling of the urine output indicates that the nephrons are healing. This means the patient is passing into the second phase (dieresis) of acute renal failur More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/acute-renal-failure-kidney-transplants-practice-questions-2/

A client admitted with a gunshot wound to the abdomen is transferred to the intensive care unit after an exploratory laparotomy. I.V. fluid is being infused at 150 ml/hour. Which assessment finding suggests that the client is experiencing acute renal failure (ARF)? a) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 22 mg/dl b) Urine output of 250 ml/24 hours c) Temperature of 100.2° F (37.8° C) d) Serum creatinine level of 1.2 mg/dl

urine output of 250ml/24 hours More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/medsurg-final-exam/

Acute tubular necrosis is a type of acute renal failure the results primarily from____ and_____.

-renal ischemia -nephrotoxic injury More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/acute-renal-failure-chronic-kidney-disease-practice-questions/

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Acute Renal Failure Flashcards, test questions and answers

Discover flashcards, test exam answers, and assignments to help you learn more about Acute Renal Failure and other subjects. Don’t miss the chance to use them for more effective college education. Use our database of questions and answers on Acute Renal Failure and get quick solutions for your test.

What is Acute Renal Failure?

Acute Renal Failure (ARF) is a sudden and potentially life-threatening decline in the functioning of the kidneys. This can occur from a variety of causes such as dehydration, infection, drugs or toxins, or any condition that affects blood flow to the kidneys. ARF can lead to a build up of waste products in the body, electrolyte imbalance (e.g., potassium levels), and fluid overload. If left untreated, it can result in permanent damage to the kidneys and even death.The symptoms of ARF vary depending on its cause and severity; however, some common signs include fatigue, loss of appetite, confusion/disorientation, nausea/vomiting and decreased urine output. If these symptoms are left untreated they can progress to more serious complications such as seizures or coma due to severe electrolyte imbalances or fluid overload. Diagnosis is typically made through physical exam and lab tests which measure creatinine levels (a waste product excreted by the kidneys), urine output rate, electrolyte levels (specifically potassium), BUN (blood urea nitrogen), creatinine clearance test results etc. In some cases imaging studies may also be used for further evaluation such as ultrasound or MRI scans. Treatment for ARF includes aggressive intravenous hydration with fluids such as normal saline solution or Ringer’s lactate solution; this is important for maintaining adequate blood volume levels and preventing compications such as shock due to low blood pressure. Medications may also be prescribed if an underlying cause exists like an infection; antibiotics would be given for bacterial infections while antivirals may be given for viral infections like hepatitis A. Hemodialysis may also be needed in severe cases where kidney function has become too impaired to adequately cleanse the body’s blood supply; dialysis helps remove toxins from circulation thus reducing their harmful effects on vital organs like brain , heart etc. In addition dietary modifications may be necessary including reducing protein intake , sodium intake , avoiding high potassium foods etc. Although acute renal failure is a serious medical condition that requires prompt attention it is possible to make a full recovery if treated quickly enough with proper medical care along with lifestyle modifications where necessary.