Test 1 Political Science
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What is political science?
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The study of politics
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What is defined as the \"widespread acceptance of something as necessary, rightful, and legally binding?\"
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Legitimacy
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Government might be thought of as a ______ among people who agree to allow themselves to be regulated and taxed in exchange for protection of their lives and property.
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Social Contract
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What is a special, added responsibility for democratic governments toward their citizens?
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To protect individual liberty by ensuring that all people are treated equally before the law
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What is one of the principles that make up the definition of democracy?
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Equal protection under the law for every individual
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According to John Locke, what was the source of individual liberty?
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Natural Law
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How is totalitarianism defined?
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Rule by an elite that exercises unlimited power over individuals in all aspects of life
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What can be said of representative democracy?
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Representatives of the people are elected by the people to decide issues on behalf of the people
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Totalitarianism differs from authoritarianism in allow no _____.
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Personal Freedom
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The term political culture primarily refers to ______ .
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General values and beliefs regarding the political system
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Equality of opportunity may be seen as giving every citizen ______.
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A guarantee of a minimum standard of living
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Which of the following groups is currently the larger minority in the US?
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Hispanics
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Which of the following is a necessary condition for political equality?
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Votes
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Which have the most hispanics traditionally lived?
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Southwest
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How does the text define ideology?
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A consistent and integrated system of ideas, values, and beliefs
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Which of the following would support less government in both economic and social affairs?
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Libertarians
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At the Constitutional Convention, the delegates agreed that slaves would be counted as _______ of a person for determining population for representation in the House of Representatives
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Three Fifths
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What is the name given to the law that would govern human beings before governments existed?
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Natural Law
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In what year was the Declaration of Independence signed?
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1776
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The US constitution was adopted in response to the weakness of the Articles of _______.
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Confederation
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Who was the author of the Declaration of Independence?
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Thomas Jefferson
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Which clause provides that the Constitution shall be the supreme law of the land?
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Supremacy
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Which of the following generally favored a strong national government and supported the proposed US Constitution?
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Federalists
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In which of the following system is government by representatives of the people instead of directly by the people themselves?
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Republic
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Which of the following philosophers greatly influenced the colonists' views on the role of government?
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John Locke
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Natural Law, according to John Locke, gives individuals the right to life, liberty, and _____ .
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Property
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For which body or bodies did the Constitution allow selection by popular vote?
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House of Representatives
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_______ Rebellion was a protest by Massachusetts farmers to stop foreclosures by state courts.
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Shay's
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Many of the Founders believed that the _____ contract gave the government its legitimacy.
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Social
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What is the principle that each branch of the federal government has the means to thwart or influence actions by other branches of government?
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Checks and balances
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Judicial review gives _____.
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The supreme court the power to declare an act of congress unconstitutional
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Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?
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To Safeguard individual liberties
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The provision in the Constitution that makes state law subordinate to federal law is the ______.
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Supremacy Clause
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What are the 2 types of powers given to the national government under the US Constitution?
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Enumerated;implied
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Under the system created by the Founders, the national and state governments share power and derive all authority from ____
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The People
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The ________ Amendment says that the powers not given to the federal government and not prohibited to the states by the Constitution are reserved for the states and the people.
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Tenth
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______ powers are shared by the federal and state governments.
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Concurrent
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Which clause in the Constitution ensures that judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in another?
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Full Faith and Credit
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The Founders adopted a federal system of government partly because they feared _____ .
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Centralizing power in one institution
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Before the ratification of the Constitution, the US was organized as ____ .
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Confederation
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What is a mandate?
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An order from the federal government requiring the states to take a certain action.
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Which of the following is an enumerated power of the national government?
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Control Over Money Supply
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Which of the following is a concurrent power?
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Power to tax
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According to the data depicted in figure 5.1, What percentage of Americans can name the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court?
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10%
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How do political scientists define political socialization?
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Learning political values, beliefs, and opinions
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More than two0thirds of Americans report that they receive \"all or most\" of their political information from which source?
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TV
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When did women's right to vote become constitutionally guaranteed in the US?
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1922
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Which of these things is obscured by the halo effect?
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Socially objectionable opinions
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Of the following, which does the textbook identify as an agent of socialization?
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Family
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What is the principle purpose of the National Voter Registration Act?
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To make registering to vote easier
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When conducting surveys, why is the wording of questions a central concern?
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How a question is worded can intentionally or unintentionally skew results
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Which of these do American choose most often as a source of news?
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TV
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Sensationalism in the media is caused by which of these?
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Economic interests
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Which of these is generally marked by a conservative bias, according to the authors?
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Talk Radio
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Which of these accounts for more than half of all campaign coverage?
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Talk Radio
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An increasing number of young people are getting their news from _____.
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Internet
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When the media engage in agenda setting, they are telling us _____
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What to think about
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Campaigning for president begins in earnest how long before the election?
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2 years
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Laws against libel and slander are aimed at preventing which of the following?
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Intentional damage
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Legitimacy in governing comes from popular consent.
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False
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The social contract is a concept that helps us understand why we tolerate government.
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True
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Legal equality does not guarantee political equality.
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True
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Both literals and classical liberals aim at equality of results.
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False
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The Constitution was ratified in 1776.
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False
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Under the Articles of Confederation, the federal government had broad power to levvy taxes
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False
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Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had no power to tax the people directly.
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True
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The US has always had a federal system of government.
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False
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Far more voters vote in congressional and in state and local elections than in presidential elections.
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False
