Test 1- Gram Pos Cocci – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
| What part of the cell differentiates gram positive from gram negative organisms? |
answer
| the cell wall |
question
| What kind of bacterial walls contain peptidoglycan? |
answer
| All bacteria except Mycoplasma |
question
| What kind of bacterial cell walls contain teichoic acids? |
answer
| Gram positive bacteria only |
question
| What kind of bacterial cell walls contain lipopolysaccharide? |
answer
| Gram negative bacteria only |
question
| Which has a thicker cell wall- gram positive or gram negative bacteria? |
answer
| Gram positive |
question
| How many layers are in a gram positive cell wall? |
answer
| 2 |
question
| How many layers are in a gram negative cell wall? |
answer
| 3 |
question
| Which kind of bacterial cell wall has more peptidoglycan? |
answer
| Gram positive has more than 50% while gram neg has 10-20% peptidoglycan |
question
| Which bacteria are sensitive to penicillin- gram positive or gram negative? |
answer
| Gram positive bacteria are sensitive to penicillin |
question
| Which kind of bacteria contain protein- gram negative or gram positive? |
answer
| gram negative |
question
| What color do gram positive bacteria stain? |
answer
| purple |
question
| What color do gram negative bacteria stain? |
answer
| pink |
question
| What are the two types of pili? |
answer
| common pili and sex or F pili |
question
| what kind of pili are multiple on cell surface and used for attachment? |
answer
| common pili |
question
| What does it mean if a bacteria is F+? |
answer
| Bacteria that carry the F plasmid are F+. The F plasmid encodes enzymes and proteins that form the sex pilus |
question
| What word describes a single flagellum at one end? |
answer
| Monotrichous |
question
| Small bunches of flagella arising from one end of the cell |
answer
| Lophotrichous |
question
| Having flagella at both ends of the cell |
answer
| Amphitrichous |
question
| Having flagella dispersed over the surface of the cell |
answer
| Peritrichous |
question
| What flagellar arrangement results in the slowest motility? |
answer
| Peritrichous |
question
| How does the capsule protect the bacterial cell? |
answer
| by blocking phagocytosis |
question
| What is the function of plasmids? |
answer
| to transfer genetic information between organisms |
question
| bacterial transmission from person to person |
answer
| direct- horizontal |
question
| bacterial transmission from mother to baby |
answer
| direct- vertical |
question
| transmission of bacteria by a vehicle, airborne, or vector-borne |
answer
| indirect |
question
| Four bacterial virulence properties |
answer
| capsule formation, enzyme production, adherence factors, toxin production |
question
| what kind of toxins are produced by gram negative bacteria? |
answer
| endotoxins |
question
| when are endotoxins released? |
answer
| when the cell lyses |
question
| what kind of bacteria releases exotoxins? |
answer
| gram positive |
question
| when are exotoxins released? |
answer
| exotoxins are released by living bacteria to target specific host cells |
question
| bacteria that require oxygen to live |
answer
| obligate aerobes |
question
| bacteria that will only grow when oxygen is present in amounts below 0.2 atm |
answer
| microaerophilic |
question
| bacteria that will only grow when oxygen is not present |
answer
| obligate anaerobes |
question
| bacteria that do not require oxygen for growth but utilize it when it's available |
answer
| facultative anaerobe |
question
| Is oxygen required for fermentation? |
answer
| no |
question
| what is produced during fermentation? |
answer
| high concentration of strong acids |
question
| what are the 5 types of media? |
answer
| Supportive, selective, differential, enrichment, enriched |
question
| what kind of media contains general nutrients, supports the growth of non-fastidious bacteria, and does not give one organism an advantage? |
answer
| supportive media |
question
| Nutrient broth/agar, trypticase soy agar, and luria burtoni are examples of what kind of media? |
answer
| supportive media |
question
| what kind of media contains inhibitory agents such as dyes, bile salts, alcohol, acid or antibiotics? |
answer
| selective media |
question
| mannitol salt agar, hektoen-enteric agar, phenylethyl alcohol agar and campy blood agar are all examples of what kind of media? |
answer
| selective media |
question
| what kind of media has distinguishing factors to differentiate bacteria? |
answer
| Differential media |
question
| MacConkey agar, Mannitol-salt agar, blood agar and triple sugar iron agar are all examples of what kind of media? |
answer
| differential media |
question
| what kind of media contains required nutrients for one particular pathogen? |
answer
| enrichment media |
question
| buffered charcoal yeast extract agar, enriched thayer martin agar, and selonite broth are all examples of what kind of media? |
answer
| enrichment media |
question
| what kind of media contains factors to aid growth of fastidious organisms? |
answer
| enriched media |
question
| blood agar and chocolate agar are both examples of what kind of media? |
answer
| enriched media |
question
| What is the first test used to differentiate staphylococcus species? |
answer
| coagulase test |
question
| What test differentiates between streptococcus and staphylococcus? |
answer
| catalase test |
question
| Is Staph aureus coagulase positive or negative? |
answer
| coagulase positive |
question
| What are the two coagulase negative staphylococci most likely to cause disease? |
answer
| S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus |
question
| What is the most virulent Staph species? |
answer
| S. aureus |
question
| What is the function of techoic acid? |
answer
| It mediates adherence as part of the cell wall |
question
| Does Staph aureus ferment mannitol? |
answer
| yes. |
question
| When Staph aureus is grown on mannitol agar, what color is produced? |
answer
| yellow |
question
| What kind of hemolysis would you see with Staph aureus? |
answer
| Beta hemolysis |
question
| What kind of hemolysis would you see with Staph aureus? |
answer
| Beta hemolysis |
question
| What is hyaluronidase? |
answer
| virulence factor of staph aureus that digests connective tissue- spreading factor |
question
| What is staphylokinase? |
answer
| virulence factor of s. aureus- enzyme that digests blood clots |
question
| What gene is responsible for methicillin resistant staph aureus? |
answer
| mec gene |
question
| Which staph species causes urinary tract infections? |
answer
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus |
question
| What test uses H2O2 to see if the organism changes it into H2O and O2? |
answer
| Catalase test |
question
| Which staph species is resistant to novobiocin? |
answer
| staph saprophyticus. all others are sensitive |
question
| What group is Streptococcus pyogenes? |
answer
| Group A |
question
| What group is Streptococcus agalactiae? |
answer
| Group B |
question
| What are the two categories of Group D Strep? |
answer
| Enterococcus and nonenterococcal Group D |
