Terminology

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Alkaline
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Is measurement of 7.1 to 14 on the ph scale
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Draping
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Is protecting the client by applying a cape neck striping and towel
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Humectant
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Is a moisture retentive ingredient doing in conditioners. Has hygroscopic properties of absorbing and retaining moisture.
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Hydrophilic
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\"Head end\" of the shampoo molecule that is attracted to water
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Hygroscopy
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Is the ability to easily absorb and retain moisture from the environment
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Mannequin
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Is fabricated head form used for practice and on which to apply practical services during your cosmetology career
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Nitrazine paper
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Is a small strip of color- coded paper that is immersed in a product to determine the ph range and whether the product is akaline or acid
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Shampooing
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Is the act of cleansing the hair and scalp using a shampoo product
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Surfactant
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Is the weeping agent in shampoo that removes dirt from surfaces such as hair. Causes lather in shampoo. Contains molecules composed of head end called hydrophilic or \"water-loving\" and tail end called lipophilic or dirt - loving
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4 types of surfactants
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Anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric
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Anionic
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Has detergent base that's inexpensive. But great for deep cleansing abilities and is easily rinsed from the hair
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Cationic
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Removes dirt from the hair shaft provides softness and moisture for dry and damage hair
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Nonionic
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Is excellent for deep cleansing and oil removal from scalp for oily hair
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Amphoteric
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Surfactants are very mild and compatible with all other surfactants.
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Potential hydrogen (PH)
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Is the potential amount of hydrogen ions in a solution containing water. Scale ranges from 0 to 14. The scale is designed logarithmically, meaning each number on the scale will increase by a multiple of 10
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Acidic
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Has less ions. Acidic products contracts and harden hair, and have a sour taste.
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Alkaline
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Has more ions. Alkaline products soften and swell hair and have a bitter taste
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Natural ph level of hair skin and nails range from
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4.5 to 5.5
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Litmus ph paper
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Immerse paper into product. If paper turns blue products are alkaline. If paper turns red product is acid.
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Nitrazine ph paper
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Immerse paper into product, wait 30 seconds. Color of paper can from orange to dark purple. Using the color chart provided, compare the tested paper against the color on the chart to determine the ph of product.
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Clarifying shampoos
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Are deep cleansing to remove product buildup. This type of shampoo may contain vinegar apple cider or other acidic ingredients to assist in the break down on the hair. Used once a week or every other week
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Acid balanced shampoo
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Are generally formulated to maintain a healthy ph of 4.5 to 5.5 for hair and skin. This shampoo prevents moisture loss from hair and assists in closing the cuticle. For color-treated or lightened hair to avoid damage and excessive dryness
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Medicated shampoos
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Usually contain an antic microbial ingredient such as zinc or selenium sulphide to remedy dandruff or other scalp condition. Are stronger
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Conditioning shampoos
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Contain moisture and protein agents, which help restore elasticity and strength to hair and provide volume
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Color shampoos
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Refresh, brighten or add a slight color change to the hair. They contain a surfactant with some basic color ingredients
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Dry shampoos
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Are used for the clients with a head injury or illness that requires them to be bedridden. Some times the elderly require a dry shampoos if they are physical unable to their head in a shampoo bowl.
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Apply shampoos to wet hair and
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Massage into hair and scalp
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When this massage movement is enforced
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The tail end of the molecule attaches to the dirt, oil or product buildup
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Upon rinsing shampoo out of hair the tail end of the
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Molecule's head end attaches to water. Forcing the shampoo out of hair and pulling dirt down the drain
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Conditioner
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Is usually applied to assist in manageability, restore moisture or protein and/ or close the cuticle of the hair Some temp covers cuticle and other deep penetration of moisture or protein. Enhance strength and shine and minimize damage to hair shaft
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Silicones
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Are oil-type ingredients (less greasy) placed in conditioners or skin lubricants that provide a \"breathable\" film and smooth feel
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Three categories of conditioners
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Surface conditioners, moisturizers, recionstructors
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Surface conditioners
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Sometimes referred to as \"hair rinses\" eliminate friction and help to flatten the cuticle. Type of conditioner is combed through the hair after the shampoo to ensure complete coverage. Instantly rinsed out leaves a coating used to detangle hair
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Moisturizer
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Are conditioners containing the moisture retention ingredient, humectant. Heavy cream conditioners stay on the hair longer 10 to 20 minutes for improved penetration into the cuticle. Disinfectants such as quaternary ammonium compounds which provides hair protection
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Reconstructors
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Are deep penetrating conditioner which rebuilds the amino acid structure within the hair. Penetrate in the cortex. Left in for 10 to 20 minutes.
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Protein treatments
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Are reconstructor generally made of a keratin based liquid that when placed on the cuticle, penetrate into the cortex. Improves porosity and hair elasticity and strength also provides thickness
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Leave- in treatment
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Are surface conditioners that are generally lightweight conditioners that remain on ther hair, not to be rinsed out.
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Instant conditioners
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Provide moisture to the hair and usually fall under the category of moisturizers. Applied on shampoo hair, combed through and rinsed out which leaving hair soft and manageable. It may be from 3.5 to 6.0 which put back acid due the alkaline chemical service
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Water
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Is a naturally occurring liquid known as the \"universal solvent\" and usually has a neutral ph of 7. First ingredient is water and second surfactants
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Capes
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Are used to cover clients clothing to protect from damage during hair services. Plastic capes are used for all chemical services and cloth for hair cutting and styling
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Neck strips
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Or towels are wrapped around the clients neck to prevent skin to cape contact. Also catch water or chemical liquids possibly escape during service. Available in paper and cloth
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Wet Disinfection System
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Is a sanitizer used for implements that are exposed to clients skin or scalp. Tools are completely immersed in jars or special containers filled with a disinfectant solution for allotted time determined by manufacturers directions.
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Dry Disinfection System
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Is a sanitizer cabinet that employs an ultraviolet light where tools are placed after being cleansed and disinfected with a commercial solution
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Hard water
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Water remains unaltered (well water) and contaIns an amount of dissolved minerals such as calcium and magnesium. Mixed with shampoo causes dull heavy hair
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Soft water
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Water sometimes known as rain water, is water treated by removing the dissolved mineral content. Mixed with water created instant lather because of lack of mineral. Best for salon becuz requires less shampoo
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Impurity
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Is used in reference to contaminants (chemical) or mineral content found within water
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Two main ways to remove impurities from the water
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Filtration and softening
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Filtration
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Is separating water from its mineral substances such as magnesium, iron, calcium, or organic water. Passes through filter to remove contaminants
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Softening
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Is removing the \"unfiltered\" or dissolved mineral particles that are not eliminated through filtration. This process requires sodium resin beads to replace the calcium and magnesium minerals which are highly responsible for creating the hardness in water which is referred to exchange
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Heater
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Is sometimes called a stove. It is used to heat conventional irons and pressing combs.
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Conventional iron
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Is rated in diameter and is available in designs such as beveled, flat, bumper and French. Made from the best quality steel in order to maintain and even temperature. With marcel grips and heat resistant rotating handles, which should be rotated using only the fingers w/o any motion from the arm
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Pressing combs
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Are designed to smooth curly hair or create waves of various widths and depths. Pressing hair is a temporary change that lasts until the next shampoo
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Convex placement
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Volume it creates or lift in the hair design Full over-10 degree angle Half over - 30 degree angle On base- 45 degree Half under- 90 degree Full under - 45
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Concave
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Indentation it creates a hollow or flat are in the hair design
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Molding
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To draft or sketch a pattern of straight or curved lines into two-dimensional design. The first step in the chronological order of a design
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Scaling
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The sketching of shapes, sizes, and proportions, of a design. The second step in the chronological order of a design
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How do you manipulate marcel irons
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With the fingers
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What will happen if too much heat is applied to gray or white hair
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Damage and break and discoloration
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What are finger waves
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Are ovaloid shapes places into the hair in alternating directions using the Fingers and a comb
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What % of curl is removed with soft press and medium press
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Soft press 50 to 60% Medium 60 to 70 %
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What curl application gives you the least amount of volume and the most
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Cover on base gives the most amount of volume and full under directed is least
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Attitudes
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Represent your evaluations of the world
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Self esteem
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An overall evaluation of their self worth as either high or low
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Emotional intelligence
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Ability to monitor your own and others feeling and use that information to guide behavior
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Self actualization
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Is the ultimate need. Which is to develop to your full potential. Is the Desire to be all that you can be
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Personality
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Consists of a persons unique combination of psychological characteristics and behavior patterns
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Personality traits
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Behavioral descriptors that explain the way people are in the most situations. Flexibility, warmth, and competence
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Flexibility
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Adapt to new situations and different types is people
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Warmth
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Display a genuine positive attitude. Speak kindly to others
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Competence
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Listen actively. Speak with confidence Provide clear explanations
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The big five personality traits
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Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extroversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
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Type A personality
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Impatient explosive and competitive. Work quickly speak slowly in soft voice
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Type B
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Calm unhurried. Noncompetive Show Stlyes and thank them for being a great client
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Essential component of teamwork
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Care- help coworkers do a better job Cooperation - put customer first. Work together to get the job done and share credit Respect - accept and celebrate differences
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Diversity
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Distinct differences between people
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Stereotype
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Widely held belief about people who share a common trait or belong to. Particular group
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Prejudice
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Unfair or negative attitude about another group
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Discrimination
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Unfair behavior directed toward members of another group
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