Stone Ages/Early Cul Stone Ages and Early Cultures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prehistory | the time before there was writing |
| How long ago was writing invented? | about 5,000 years ago |
| To study prehistory, we rely on the work of _____________ and ____________. | archaeologists and anthropologists |
| Hominid | early ancestor of humans |
| "Lucy" was found in 1974 by Donald Johanson. What can you tell me about Lucy. | Lucy is believed to have lived more than 3 million years ago. Johanson could tell Lucy could walk on 2 legs. This was a key step in human development. |
| What give us information about early humans and their ancestors? | discoveries of ancient bones |
| Homo habilis means…. | "handy man" |
| Who were closely related to modern humans because they had a larger brain (about half the size of modern humans)? | homo habilis |
| Homo erectus means…. | "upright man" |
| Who used stone tools like the hand ax and learned to control fire? | homo erectus |
| Homo sapiens means…. | "wise man" |
| Who are the same as modern humans? | homo sapiens |
| How many periods was The Stone Age divided into? | 3 |
| Each period of The Stone Age was based on what? | The kind of tools used at the time |
| Tool | any handheld object that has been modified to help a person accomplish a task |
| Paleolithic Era | the 1st part of The Stone Age |
| How long did the Paleolithic Era last? | about 10,000 years |
| What kind of tools were used duriing the Paleolithic Era? | Stone tools mainly to process food. (They made the edge of one side of the rock sharp or jagged.) Later, they began to make tools like a hand ax and spear for hunting. |
| Society | community of people who share a common culture |
| Hunter-Gatherers | people who hunted animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive |
| What did the men do in Hunter-Gatherer societies? | hunted |
| What did the women do in Hunter-Gatherer societies? | Gathered and stayed close to camp to take care of the children |
| What was the most important development in the early Stone Age? | Language |
| What did language help people do? | It was easier to hunt in groups. It allowed people to form relationships. It allowed people to resolve issues, like how to distribute food. |
| How were cave paintings created? | As part of a hunting lesson. |
| Cave paintings may have been used to teach children how to identify what? | What they are hunting |
| People used what to express themselves, teach hunting, and teach religion? | Cave paintings |
| What was the Ice Age? | A freezing time when huge sheets of ice covered most of the Earth's land. |
| How long ago did the Ice Age end? | about 10,000 years ago |
| What did the Ice Age force people to do? | To start moving |
| Many people believe that ocean levels dropped and land bridges were exposed because of what? | ice |
| Land bridge | a strip of land that connects 2 continents |
| What do many scholars believe helped people to begin spreading all over the Earth? | Land bridge |
| What area was the last to be settled by early humans? | South America |
| Besides fire, what else did people in very cold areas do to stay protected? | They learned to sew animal skins together to make clothing and they began making shelters |
| What are pit houses? | Pits in the ground covered by branches and leaves |
| What did some people in Central Asia use to make their homes out of? | Mammoth bones |
| What did people in Central Asia use mammoth bones to make their homes? | Wood was scarce |
| People moved from place to place for necessity and survival during which era? They also started to develop permanent settlements during this era. | Paleolithic Era or Early Stone Age |
| During what era did people learn to polish stones to make tools like saws and drills? | Neolithic Era or the New Stone Age |
| During which era did people learn to make fire? | Neolithic Era or the New Stone Age |
| The biggest change during the Neolithic Era (or New Stone Age) was what? | How people produced food |
| What new way did people learn to produce food during the Neolithic Era (or New Stone Age)? | they learned to plant seeds themselves to grow their own crops |
| What happened during the Neolithic Revolution? | There was a shift from food gathering to food producing. |
| What is domestication? | A process of changing plants or animals to make them more useful to humans. (Learning how to use animals for their own purpose was important.) |
| What did domestication lead to? | The development of agriculture or farming. |
| What did farmers keep sheep and goats for? | Milk, food, and wool. |
| What were larger animals like cattle used for? | To carry loads or to pull large tools used for farming. |
| What improved peoples chances of survival during the Neolithic Revolution? | Agriculture and farming |
| What did people begin building during the Neolithic Revolution? | permanent settlements |
| What is another name for the New Stone Age? | Neolithic Era |
| What is another name for the Paleolithic Era? | Early Stone Age |
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