Sterilization/Media/Cultures/microscope/spc – Flashcards
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| Sterilization |
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| process in which all life forms are killed or removed from an object or substance. |
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| Disenfection |
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| Process which renders an article incapable of transmitting disease(pathogens destroyed at least) |
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| Virulence |
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| the degree of pathogenicity. |
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| Nosocomial Infections |
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| infection acquired while during hospital care. |
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| Aseptic Technique |
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| Techniques which exclude potential infective agents from tissues or lab materials. (prevents sepsis /infection) |
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| Degerming |
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| removal of microbes from a limited area of skin( alcohol /betadine) |
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| Methods of Sterilization |
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| 1. Hot air Oven 2.autoclave 3. Filtration 4. Gas Sterilization 5. Strong Chemical Sterilization /disenfection |
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| Hot Air Oven |
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| 1. Kills by Protein Oxidation 2. 160-70 C for 1-2 hours 3. For glassware,pippetts,oils,powders |
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| Autoclave |
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| 1. Kills by protein Denaturation 2. Live steam under pressure "heat of condensation to microbial cells. 3. 121 at 15psi for 30 minutes. 4. for instruments,simple media,meatalware. |
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| Filtration |
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| Hepa Filter. 1. Can Remove all bacteria greater than .3 micrometers 2. some filters have .01 mmbrane pores for viruses. 3. Used for any injectable fluids and hemodialysis fluids. (prevents endotoxin effects.) |
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| Gas Sterilization-Ethylene Oxide Gas |
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| 1. Kills by Alkylation 2. 2-12 hours 3. Plastics,electronics,rubber items. |
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| Gas Sterilization-Chlorine Dioxide |
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| 1.Short lived gas used in closed buildings with Anthrax Spores. 2. used to fumigate |
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| Gas Sterilization-Ultraviolet Light |
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| 1. Used to decrease airborne infection.; 2.High Humidity Limits use. 3. Hospital rooms,nursuries,or rooms, cafeterias. |
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| Strong Chem Ster-Ethyl Alcohol (70%) |
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| Generally a strong degerming |
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| Strong Chem ster/Disenfection-Plasmas |
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| 1. Electromagnetic exitation of gas 2. Used for surgical instruments used in Arthroscopic or Laparoscopic procedures. Placed in containers with vacuum,electro mag feild, chms like hydrogen proxide which form plasma. |
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| Strong Chem ster/ Disenfection- Aqueous or Gaseous Formaldehyde- |
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| 1. Works at 25C 2. Used Formaldehyde Crystals which were vaporized to kill Ebola Virus. |
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| What Kills the Ebola Virus? |
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| Gaseous Formaldehyde/Crystals |
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| What Kills the Ebola Virus? |
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| Gaseous Formaldehyde/Crystals |
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| What Kills the Ebola Virus? |
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| Gaseous Formaldehyde/Crystals |
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| What Kills the Ebola Virus? |
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| Gaseous Formaldehyde/Crystals |
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| Strong Chem Sterl/Disen-Gluteraldehyde(SIDEX) |
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| Strong disenfectant for surgical instruments/dental tools. |
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| Strong Chem- Amphyl |
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| Floors Walls and furniture. (hospital use primarily) |
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| Strong Chem Sterl/disen- Bleach |
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| 1.Antiviral oxidizing agent 2. rooms and equipment 3. Used by CDC apartments/hotels/homes etc. |
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| Purpose Of Sterilization |
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| To prevent contamination of materials,media, and patients by bacteria, protozoa,fungi and viruses. |
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| Media |
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| Chemicals used for the matinence of life, growth and reproduction of microbes. |
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| In vitro Media |
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| Media which only contains inanimate materials. Used for Bacteria and Fungi. |
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| Bacteria and Fungi use what kind of media? |
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| In Vitro Media |
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| In Vivo Media |
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| Media which living cells (chick embryo,live animal or tissue culture use to live) Used for viruses and Ricikettsia. |
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| What media type is used for Viruses and Ricikettsia? |
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| In Vivo Media. |
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| What is the universal biological solvent in media? |
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| H2O |
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| What nutrient compounds are used in all media? |
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| C,O,N,S,H,P |
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| What are the inorganic nutrients? |
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| Co2 H2S,NH3 , Phosphates, and sulfates |
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| What are the organic nutrients? |
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| Sugars, Fatty Acids,Amino Acids, Nucleic Acids. |
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| Growth Factors- |
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| Essential chemicals which cannot be made by bacteria but are critical to metabolism. |
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| Nutrients |
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| Compounds containing essential elements (C,O,N,S,H,P) which are oxidized to generate energy (ATP) or reduces to build cellular structures. |
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| Inorganic G-F Growth Factors |
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| Ca+,Mg++,Si++,Fe++,Co,Na+,K+ |
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| Organic G-F Growth Factors |
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| Vitamins and certain Amino Acids. |
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| Bacteria Require a ________pH. |
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| Neutral |
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| Fungi prefer an _________pH. |
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| Acidic |
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| pH of Bacteria Media |
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| 6.8-7.2 |
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| pH of Fungal Media |
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| 5.5-6 |
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| Synthetic Media |
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| Media in which the exact chemical formulation is known. |
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| Non-Synthetic Media |
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| not all chemicals are known(blood, tissues etc.) |
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| Use of media |
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| purposes of various ingridents to promote growth |
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| general Purpose media |
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| allows a large number of bacteria to grow. |
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| Differential Media |
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| Colony Morphology on agar gives clues to ID |
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| Selecive Media |
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| Only Allows certain bacteria or fungi to grow ( dyes,pH) |
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| Transport Media |
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| Temporary holding media-preserves bacteria for lab. |
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| Agar melts at |
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| 95C |
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| agar can be poured at |
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| 50C |
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| agar solidifies at |
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| 42C |
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| Ingredients of Nutrient Broth and Nutrient Agar |
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| 1. H2O as biological solvent 2. peptone-protein digest which provides nutrients 3. Beef extract:provides groth factors 4. NaCl:to adjust Osmotic Pressure 5. Agar as solidifying agent. |
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| Enriching Media |
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| Additives:Serum,yeast extract,blood,liver...etc |
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| Indicators used in Media |
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| Indicators/dyes used to ID the pH and changes to pH as bacteria metabolize specific media(bromthymol Blue, Phenol Red, Methyl Red.) |
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| Forms of Media Used in Micro 33 |
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| 1. broths 2. Slants 3. Plates 4. Fermentation Tubes 5. FTM-Thioglycollate Broth (O2 requirements) 6. stabs |
