question

Which of the following represents the legally correct position of IEP development within planning of special education services?

answer

Evaluation, development of IEP, placement

question

Ms. Smith, a second grade teacher, has concerns about Bruce's progress in math. Before she makes a referral for special education, she should

answer

discuss her concerns with Bruce's parents

question

The legal term related to the stipulation that placement of exceptional children must be chosen from a continuum of alternative placements is

answer

Least restrictive environment.

question

An IFSP focuses on the

answer

Family and the child with a disability.

question

Which poses the most difficulty for most children with learning disabilities?

answer

Reading

question

Students with ADHD receive special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in which category?

answer

Other health impaired

question

Two methods frequently employed to monitor behavioral progress are

answer

Curriculum-based measurement and direct observation.

question

The term "hard of hearing" is used to describe people with hearing impairment who

answer

have enough residual hearing to process sound with a hearing aid.

question

People who say that deafness should not be considered a disability argue that

answer

although deafness is a handicap, it is not a disability.

question

A person who is legally blind has visual acuity in the better eye even with corrective lenses equal to or less than

answer

20/200.

question

Social adjustment problems for children with visual impairment are most likely the result of

answer

society's reaction to people who are blind.

question

Use of compressed speech enables students with blindness to

answer

listen to recorded texts at a faster rate.

question

Educators of students with autistic spectrum disorder are putting increasing emphasis on applying behavioral psychology in

answer

structured settings and controlled environments.

question

Which intervention for autism spectrum disorders seems to have the strongest scientifically based research support?

answer

Applied behavior analysis (ABA)

question

A term used in IDEA referring to manual or electronic means by which a person who is unable to communicate through normal speech can express wants and needs, share information, engage in social closeness, or manage social etiquette is

answer

augmentative or alternative communication.

question

Impairments that a child is born with are referred to as

answer

congenital anomalies.

question

Cerebral palsy is classified by

answer

the limbs involved and type of motor disability.

question

For children with most physical disabilities and other health impairments, a common cause of academic difficulties is

answer

erratic school attendance.

question

What services are mandated by federal law for students who are gifted?

answer

None; services are not required by federal law.

question

The most important characteristic of exceptional learners is

answer

their abilities.

question

Response to intervention (RTI)

answer

can be applied to behavior and academic learning.

question

Frequent measures that provide information on whether a student is learning as expected include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

outcome measures

question

The classification system that is most commonly used by school system personnel to describe levels of intellectual disabilities is based on

answer

IQ score

question

Effective transition programs for students with intellectual disabilities involve

answer

community adjustment, vocational training and employment.

question

Two broad dimensions of behavior disorders are

answer

externalizing and internalizing.

question

Which of the following statements about informed consent is TRUE?

answer

Written parental consent is required before beginning assessment.

question

One goal of the pre-referral step in the assessment process is to determine

answer

if response to intervention (RTI) activities or additional student assessments are necessary.

question

Alternative assessments approaches are used to

answer

enable students with severe disabilities to participate in large- scale assessments.

question

Curriculum-based assessments

answer

measure a student's performance with respect to a well-defined skill domain.

question

The arithmetic average of a group of scores is the

answer

mean.

question

When Igor was in second grade, he received a Grade Equivalent score of 4.2 on the reading subtest of an achievement test. Therefore, we can be sure that

answer

Based on the information presented, none of the above interpretations are known to be certain.

question

A student who scored at the 75th percentile on a test

answer

scored as well or better than 75% of her peers.

question

Grade equivalent scores are

answer

often interpreted inappropriately.

question

What term refers to the consistency of scores over time or across items of a test?

answer

Reliability

question

Accommodations for an assessment procedure refers to

answer

changes to the assessment that do not alter the instructional level, content, or assessment criteria.

question

Ms. Jones has a student who often does not work on assignments during independent work time. Ms. Jones began a point system with the student for work completion and evaluated the results after 3 weeks. This is an example of

answer

pre-referral assessment.

question

Ann was tested with a reading test that had a reliability correlation coefficient of .93 and was normed on a population that was constructed following best practice guidelines for test standardization. How sure can we be of her reading score? That is, for what purpose could someone feel comfortable using the score?

answer

major decision making (i.e., determining eligibility for Special Education services)

question

The_______represents the ending point (or place) in a standardized test above which all higher numbered, more difficult test items would not be answered correctly.

answer

ceiling

question

When developing performance-based assessments, a teacher should

answer

decide what is important for students to know and be able to do.

question

Which of the following would be considered a possible reward for performance on high-stakes or accountability tests?

answer

high-school diploma

question

Which type of assessment is useful in the Response to Intervention process?

answer

informal assessment

question

An important part of the informed consent process is

answer

providing the parents a copy of parental rights regarding assessment procedures

question

An accommodation for a writing assessment might be

answer

use of a computer instead of paper and pencil

question

Assessment for progress monitoring is considered

answer

formative assessment

question

Curriculum-based measurement helps teachers

answer

compare students' progress in relation to their expected growth rates

question

When assessing English Language Learners, the special educator must consider the

answer

student's proficiency in English and in the home language

question

Testing accommodations include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

using a shortened version of the test

question

A disadvantage of a rating scale is that it

answer

may lack interrater reliability

question

Which of the following statements about norm-referenced tests is true?

answer

Use of norm-referenced tests may result in labeling or mislabeling of students

question

On a norm-referenced test, the score that simply represents the sum of the points or the items the student answered correctly is called a

answer

raw score

question

Attention, discrimination, organization, and memory are the four steps of what?

answer

Information processing

question

Speech:

answer

Requires neuromuscular coordination and is the verbal means of communication.

question

A set of rules which specify word, phrase, and clause order, sentence organization, and relationships between words, word classes, and other sentence elements is:

answer

Syntax.

question

An example of pragmatics is:

answer

Learning how far to stand away from someone when talking.

question

A child saying "no spoon" while pointing to a fork is a type of:

answer

Semantic error.

question

A child that says "poon" instead of "spoon" made what type of error?

answer

Phonological error

question

Which researcher believed behavior does not affect language development?

answer

Chomsky

question

The emerging language stage involves:

answer

Communicative intent.

question

Examples of the four types of narratives are:

answer

Self-generated story Familiar tale Retelling of a movie Personal experience recounting

question

Which of the following is false?

answer

A three year old should be understood at least 75% of the time to an unfamiliar listener.

question

According to the sociolinguistic model, the motivation for language use and acquisition is

answer

effective communication

question

Helping students paraphrase definitions in order to identify key concepts encoded by the word and then helping students distinguish the new word's critical feature is an example of which component of language?

answer

Semantics

question

A system for relaying and interpreting messages and ideas is:

answer

Communication

question

Which of the following is true?

answer

Receptive language is the decoding process of language; and expressive language is the encoding process of language.

question

Which of the following is an example of phonology?

answer

A child who substitutes W for R and L sounds.

question

The initial phase of development of joint reference is characterized by

answer

joint attending

question

Which of the following statements is false regarding non-verbal children?

answer

May be impossible to teach them proper communication.

question

Which of the following is true?

answer

Language is the code used in communication. Speech is a motor act and also a model of communication.

question

Which of the following is NOT a strong factor in the success of successive second language learning?

answer

age of the preadolescent child

question

Language is a unique vehicle for __________.

answer

thought

question

When incoming information matches an existing scheme, and, therefore, can be incorporated into it, the cognitive process is called

answer

assimilation

question

Which toy would a child who produces no words be more likely to play with?

answer

blocks

question

Approximately __________of what toddlers say is an imitation of other speakers.

answer

20%

question

Which of the following utterances would count as 2 morphemes?

answer

Mama's

question

Caregivers exaggerate facial expression and voice, and vocalize more often in order to provide what for an infant?

answer

appropriate level of stimulation

question

Sometimes behaviors occur at the same time as each other. Which form would you use to gather information on behaviors that occur simultaneously?

answer

Functional assessment observation form

question

Functional behavior is NOT:

answer

A quick fix.

question

A process of looking for patterns in what happens around and/or to the student just before and just after the problem behavior is:

answer

Functional behavioral assessment.

question

The goal of a functional assessment is to:

answer

Alter the environment to promote children's appropriate behavior, and to teach them more adaptive and acceptable ways to get what they want.

question

A behavior intervention plan:

answer

Is used only when the student engages in unwanted behavior.

question

All of the following are salient elements of a BIP for a preschooler, except:

answer

Vocational transition goals.

question

A graph of collected data on a child's challenging behavior should always include all but the following:

answer

A changing criterion design

question

Negative reinforcement is when

answer

Something the child does like is taken away to increase replacement behavior

question

Every time his teacher places a math worksheet on his desk, Tommy begins to scream and cry. You may hypothesize that the function of his behavior is

answer

Escape

question

When a student is no longer interested in a previously identified high reinforcer

answer

He has probably reached satiation

question

An example of a primary reinforcer is

answer

A chocolate milkshake

question

Another name for secondary reinforcers is

answer

Conditioned reinforcers

question

An example of a social reinforcer is

answer

Smiles

question

The most powerful reinforcement schedule to maintain a behavior is

answer

An intermittent schedule

question

Time out actually means

answer

Time out from positive reinforcement

question

Touching a hot stove and getting burned is an example of

answer

Unconditioned aversive stimuli

question

Johnny always waits until his teacher repeats the question 3 times before answering, he most likely

answer

Is prompt dependent

question

An example of a visual prompt is

answer

Writing the directions on the board

question

The gradual removal of prompts is called

answer

Fading

question

In order to teach a more complex behavior

answer

You should first do a task analysis of the behavior

question

A competing behavior pathway asks team members to develop strategies for all of the following areas EXCEPT:

answer

Metacognitive strategies

question

In a competing behavior pathway, which step describes the behavior that the typical peer would be expected to exhibit under the conditions described?

answer

Desired alternative

question

In a general education classroom, whenever Caesar is asked to do a difficult assignment, he refuses to follow directions, swears at his teacher, and hits the students around him with the function of the behavior being work avoidance. Which of the following would be an acceptable alternative behavior to teach Caesar in a behavioral intervention plan?

answer

Ask for help on the assignment

question

If, on a school campus, more than 50% of behavioral referrals to the administrative office come from less than 10% of the classrooms, the following behavior systems need to be addressed first before working with individual students:

answer

Classroom

question

A teacher is teaching a replacement behavior to a student with a disability. On the first day, the student exhibits the replacement behavior correctly on two occasions prior to lunch, and then exhibits the inappropriate behavior when returning from lunch. The teacher should take this opportunity to:

answer

Implement an error correction strategy to reteach the steps of the replacement behavior

question

Which principle is the keystone in the family-professional partnership arch?

answer

Trust

question

A family-centered approach includes ALL but ONE of the following characteristics:

answer

Professionals at the center of the planning universe

question

Practices for enhancing trust with families include ALL but ONE of the following:

answer

Establishing power-over relationships

question

Recommended technological mediums for communicating with parents include ALL but ONE of the following:

answer

Hidden cameras

question

Research indicates that the presence of a child with a disability may have the following impact on marital relationships:

answer

All of the above

question

Which activity is most likely to lead to the development of a trusting partnership with a family?

answer

Identifying and being responsive to family priorities

question

Parental choice is a guiding force in:

answer

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

question

The procedure to determine whether a child has a disability and, if so, the nature and extent of special education services that the child needs is a/an:

answer

Evaluation

question

Factors influencing a families' disposition to trust professionals include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

The number of children in a family

question

Interactions that strengthen family-professional relations include:

answer

Viewing your interactions with families as conversations

question

Appropriate strategies for sharing assessment findings with parents include ALL but ONE of the following:

answer

First present the test results and then identify the developmental or content area that was assessed

question

This process analyzes the student's strengths and needs within an instructional setting and then provides the student and teacher with assistance to help the student to learn without providing special education services:

answer

Pre-referral

question

Principles of partnership include:

answer

parity

question

If parents do not consent to an evaluation and if school personnel refuse to seek alternatives to a full evaluation, the parents and school:

answer

Must first attempt to resolve the conflict through mediation

question

_______ would best be described as a teacher who is "there" and "with it," nodding their head slightly from time to time and reflecting what the parent is saying.

answer

Active listeners

question

According to Kroth, when a child is diagnosed with a disability, parents may view the situation as a

answer

'death'

question

In order to build a collaborative relationship with parents, a teacher

answer

may provide a handbook with classroom procedures included

question

When parents disagree with an evaluation provided by a public agency (school), they have the right to

answer

an independent evaluation

question

The Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)

answer

ensures that a student with a disability has the right to be educated to the maximum extent appropriate with peers who do not have disabilities

question

The term family can be described as

answer

Two or more people who regard themselves as family

question

Research indicates that parent conferences held before the school year begins results in

answer

improved student grades, higher student attendance, fewer disciplinary problems

question

NCLB provides parents with the ability to request

answer

a transfer for their child to a high performing school

question

A key component of the Archways Model of Family Involvement is

answer

Respect

question

The Mirror Model of Family Involvement focuses on

answer

Assessing parental needs and strengths

question

The educator must communicate to the parent that the educator is there to

answer

form a team with the parents to work for the best interests of the child

question

What are the pivotal areas or behaviors that are central to a wide area of functioning identified by Koegel and Koegel?

answer

responding to multiple cues, child motivation, self-management, and child initiations

question

Who developed PRT?

answer

Koegel and Koegel

question

Incidental Teaching

answer

occurs in the naturalistic environment

question

PECS was developed by

answer

Bondy and Frost

question

When is a skill considered learned?

answer

when the student can demonstrate the behavior in different settings, with different people, in response to different natural cues, and over time

question

What is the difference between prompts and natural cues?

answer

a support person provides a prompt and a natural cue happens in everyday settings

question

According to Bondy, how can we tell if a skill is functional?

answer

by asking ourselves, "If the child can't perform the skill, who will do it for him/her?"

question

Errorless Teaching is a teaching strategy that involves

answer

using a prompting hierarchy that leads the student to the correct response and reinforces the correct response

question

Which of the following is NOT a consideration when selecting functional objectives:

answer

the availability of services within the school and district

question

A major objective of functional behavior assessment (FBA) is to:

answer

determine the function of a behavior in order to promote new behavior that serves the same function as the current behavior, but is socially acceptable and responsible

question

What is providing a student with information and answers before they are presented with an activity or enter a social interaction?

answer

Antecedent Based Intervention

question

The Hidden Curriculum refers to

answer

the social rules that are not generally taughtbutmostpeoplelearn naturally

question

The process of demonstrating a behavior for a student to imitate

answer

shaping

question

Accommodations for children with autism are

answer

developed as a collaborative effort of an IEP team

question

When organizing a room for children with autism, the teacher needs to consider the

answer

one-on-one work areas, independent work areas, whole group, functional areas, and supervision needs

question

The preferred method of behavioral data collection to determine the function of the behavior is ____________ .

answer

ABC recording

question

Which of the following represents an example of the Premack Principle?

answer

telling a child to eat his vegetables, then he can have dessert

question

This is the process of breaking down the task, prioritizing, and ordering incremental steps.

answer

Task analysis

question

This strategy offers the greatest opportunity for an individual with ASD to practice generalization.

answer

Self-monitoring

question

Which of the following constitutes a prompt?

answer

Physically helping an individual perform a task

question

Before you use a chaining procedure, it is recommended that you task analyze the skill to be taught. What does it mean to task analyze a skill?

answer

Make a sequential list of all the smaller substeps of the task to be trained

question

In this instructional strategy, students are taught to put multiple behaviors together in succession

answer

Chaining

question

You would like to decrease the number of times a student sharpens her pencil during class. However, you don't want to completely eliminate this behavior. Which type of reinforcement program makes the most sense?

answer

DRL

question

Operant learning theory

answer

focuses on observed behaviors, antecedents, and consequences that control behavior

question

When a target behavior transfers across settings, persons, and materials, which stage of learning has been completed?

answer

generalization

question

All of the following are true regarding PECS except:

answer

Always leads to verbal communication.

question

AAC is an abbreviation for:

answer

Augmentative and alternative communication.

question

The child makes eye contact with the partner while gesturing or vocalizing, can alternate his gaze between an object and the partner. This is an example of:

answer

Joint attention

question

Choice making will:

answer

Give a child some degree of control d. over their life with all its inherent rewards, risks, and consequences.

question

Putting child desired items in sight but out of reach such as toys, preferred games, and snack foods is an example of what type of communicative strategy?

answer

Communicative intent

question

What percent of individuals with autism spectrum disorders do not develop enough functional speech to meet daily communication needs?

answer

30-50%

question

An example of an aided visual support is:

answer

The child is given a schedule board for the day's activities.

question

Visual schedules, token economies, first/then strips, social stories, and break cards are examples of:

answer

Receptive communication.

question

Which of the following is false?

answer

A teacher should never allow the student to have a choice in his/her daily schedule.

question

If a challenging behavior has a particular communicative function, and we can teach a socially acceptable behavior achieving the same function, then the latter might replace the former. This is:

answer

Functional communication training.

question

All of the following are misconceptions of PECS except:

answer

There are no prerequisites to the implementation of PECS

question

Phase 2 of PECS includes:

answer

Traveling to the communication c. book and to the communication partner to complete exchange.

question

A PECS communication book should be kept:

answer

In an agreed-upon place where the child has independent access.

question

What is the main reason we should use routines when working with children with autism?

answer

It creates structure and predictability for the student and increases independence.

question

AAC devices:

answer

Are used by verbal and nonverbal individuals.

question

Communication:

answer

Transfers ideas from one person to another person.

question

Choose one example of unaided communication:

answer

Head nod

question

An example of a low-tech device would be:

answer

Pencil grip

question

A Functional Behavioral Assessment is used to identify:

answer

Triggers and maintaining consequences

question

Which of following is an advantage to Functional Communication Training?

answer

It teaches the use of language to manipulate the environment through inappropriate behavior.

question

When choosing an AAC device for students, it is important to consider all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Graphic and lexical symbols

question

SETT stands for:

answer

Student, Environment, Tasks, and Tools

question

AT devices are sometimes ________________ because of lack of training, inadequate follow-up, and maintenance/ repair of device.

answer

Abandoned

question

The main purpose of progress monitoring is

answer

to track progress.

question

The most important activity for building the skills necessary for long-term success in reading is

answer

fostering phonemic awareness.

question

Which of the following is a rime?

answer

ope

question

A technique especially designed to help students locate the sources of answers is

answer

question-answer-relationship.

question

Decodable texts are useful to include in materials for early reading programs primarily because such texts:

answer

give children practice applying phonic associations that already have been taught.

question

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of word recognition?

answer

Decoding

question

A major factor in reading comprehension is the reader's

answer

Prior knowledge

question

The highest grade level of material a reader can read comfortably, with good comprehension and couple significant miscues, is the reader's __________ level

answer

Independent

question

A set of grade-leveled text passages arranged in order from easiest to hardest with sets of accompanying comprehension questions is referred to as

answer

A text gradient

question

When we consider the degree to which a reader's miscues change the meaning of a sentence, we are considering

answer

Dialect variation

question

Readers' self-reports about their thinking processes during reading are called

answer

Think-alouds

question

A portion of text with words systematically deleted is called a

answer

Cloze procedure

question

"Concept of Word" includes all of the following EXCEPT

answer

Front and Back of book

question

The word elephant has

answer

Seven phonemes

question

Expository text is

answer

Non-fiction

question

Two important factors in the anticipation phase of a lesson are

answer

Motivation and activation of background knowledge

question

The ability to distinguish between highly similar sounds is called

answer

Auditory discrimination

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the five "Big Ideas" in reading?

answer

Prosody

question

A ___________ sound is a sound that can be said for several seconds without distorting the sound.

answer

Continuous

question

A ___________ word is one in which each letter represents its most common sound

answer

Regular

question

Which of the following best describes a morpheme?

answer

The smallest part of a word that has a distinctive meaning

question

The largest minority group population by ethnicity in the United States is,

answer

Latino/Hispanic

question

Native Americans place a high value on

answer

Extended family

question

Asian Americans are often viewed as the

answer

Model minority

question

Strategies, techniques, and approaches used by teachers in their classrooms are known as

answer

Pedagogy

question

The most common pedagogical approaches in schools today include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

Critical thinking

question

Current pedagogical practices are largely based on all of the following EXCEPT

answer

Competition

question

Learning preferences of White or Anglo-American students favor:

answer

Self-directedness

question

Learning preferences of Latino students favor all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Assertiveness

question

Martin Haberman's "pedagogy of poverty" includes all of the following variables EXCEPT

answer

Rigor

question

Cultural beliefs that attribute meaning and significance are referred to as

answer

Cultural norms

question

A social group composed of people who share a sense of common origins is referred to as

answer

Ethnicity

question

A set of priorities that guide such notions as good, bad, fair, and unfair is referred to as

answer

Cultural values

question

The placement of students into static groups based on academic ability, without input from ongoing assessment, is referred to as

answer

Tracking

question

Freire (1970) calls the system of education where the teacher's task is "to fill the students with the contents of his narration" the

answer

Banking system of education

question

Freire (1970) calls the moment when individuals realize that oppressive societies are not in the best interests of the people the moment of

answer

Praxis

question

The belief that one's ethnic or cultural group is the most important and that all other ethnic or cultural groups are measured in relation to their own is defined as:

answer

Ethnocentrism

question

When teachers are presented with multicultural issues and they state that there is no way the information can be true, according to Clark and Zygmunt-Fillwalk (2010) this teacher has responded in what way?

answer

Disbelief

question

If Caucasian children see Asian American children perform well during a math quiz and receive high praise from the teacher, and then begins to think, "I guess that all Asian Americans must be good at math," they are in which of the following stages of prejudice formation?

answer

Cognitive component stage

question

During economically difficult times, the number of families living in poverty greatly increases due to job loss, lower numbers of job openings, and higher interest rates. This can be defined as:

answer

Situational poverty

question

Payne (2005) defines resources that support students in developing academic skills necessary for operation in daily society as:

answer

Mental resources

question

The federal law that expands the federal hate crimes definition to include crimes motivated by a victim's actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability is called:

answer

Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act

question

Research indicates that students with disabilities tend to have views about the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community that are:

answer

Similar to their caregivers

question

When someone decides not to espouse prejudices and biases but does not make any attempt to change the status quo, a person has made the choice to be a:

answer

Bystander

question

The highest number of English Language Learners in public schools tend to be in:

answer

High school

question

One of the first Native American groups Columbus encountered on the island of Hispaniola, who were ultimately enslaved and tortured by Columbus and his men, were:

answer

The Arawaks

question

Identify the instructional domain for the following lesson excerpt: Students have a sheet of addition facts (e.g., 2 + 3, 7 + 7), and are instructed that when the teacher says 'Begin' they are to write the answer to as many math facts as they can until she calls 'Time' after one minute.

answer

procedural knowledge

question

Conceptual understanding frequently is taught using:

answer

the CRA instructional process

question

Representational level instruction of the C-R-A process involves the use of:

answer

pictures of objects or tally marks

question

A procedural strategy is

answer

a set of sequential steps leading to solution of a mathematics problem

question

Naming a shape is a

answer

declarative knowledge task

question

An algebraic function is:

answer

a special kind of relation in which two sets are related to each other in such a way that each element in the first set is related to exactly one element in the second set.

question

A mathematical statement that represents equality is called an

answer

equation.

question

One-to-one correspondence between groups means:

answer

each object in the first group is matched with exactly one object in the second group.

question

Greater than is represented with the symbol:

answer

>

question

The number-family approach for solving word problems involves teaching students that three numbers can be used to create:

answer

four math statements.

question

Which of the following geometry tasks would require a procedural strategy?

answer

measuring an angle

question

Locating a learned shape in the student's environment is a

answer

declarative knowledge task

question

The variable expression for 7 more than a number is:

answer

n + 7

question

Functional relationships may be represented by all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

an abacus.

question

According to Sayeski and Paulsen (2010), one reason that students with disabilities struggle with "reform curricula" is:

answer

Skills are taught using a spiraled curriculum (meaning nothing is taught to mastery).

question

According to the National Math Advisory Panel (2008), assessment of math skills should focus on student progress towards:

answer

Mastery of skills related to algebra

question

Which of the following is not one of the National Council of the Teaching of Mathematics content standards?

answer

Reasoning and proof

question

Instructional delivery through the explicit teaching cycle should include all of the following considerations EXCEPT:

answer

A plan for frequent student responses

question

Ashlock (2010) indicates that students should use a paper-and-pencil instructional method when learning new math skills because:

answer

It allows the teacher to see the students' thought processes and correct any errors

question

Ashlock (2010) states that teachers should teach mathematical algorithms because:

answer

Algorithms provide a series of steps that lead students to the correct answer

question

When answering a math problem, if students jump to conclusions before considering all of the information, they have most likely displayed what type of math misconception?

answer

Overspecialization

question

When a student is adding a two-digit number and a one-digit number and makes the computation error of adding all of the digits (e.g., 74 + 5 = 16 (7+4+5 = 16)) but adds two digit numbers and two- digit numbers correctly (e.g., 74 + 75 = 149), which of the following instructional interventions might be appropriate:

answer

Teach students to look for a pattern

question

According to Impecoven-Lind and Foegen (2010), algebra is considered a gateway to all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Entrance into college

question

Which of the following would be an inappropriate accommodation on a math assessment?

answer

Using representational drawings on a 3rd grade assessment

question

If a teacher is trying to assess whether or not a student understands that a digit's value in a numeral is determined by the place where it is written, which probing question might the teacher ask?

answer

"How do you know whether to use the tens or ones blocks for 2?"

question

The increase in the number of persons with autism can be accounted for by all of the folloiwng EXCEPT

answer

Vaccinations

question

The doctor who supported that refrigerator mothers caused autism was

answer

Kanner

question

Persons with a diagnosis of autism must have deficits in these three areas:

answer

social, communication, restricted behaviors/interests

question

Choice boards and choice making should be a part of the day for a student with autism because they allow for

answer

control over the environment, independence, motivation, and instruction in the context of the natural environment

question

Sensory deficits

answer

may include hypo- or hyper-sensitivity in hearing, seeing, touching, tasting, and smelling

question

Repetitive behaviors and restricted interests

answer

can occur in students with ASD, but may manifest differently for each student

question

For most children with autism, social interaction:

answer

is not naturally reinforcing

question

When teaching children with autism, teachers must choose teaching strategies that

answer

have been determined to be evidence based

question

What is one reason why children with autism tend to be identified earlier than those with Asperger disorder?

answer

Pragmatic skills are easy to recognize at an early age

question

What does ASD stand for?

answer

Autism Spectrum Disorders

question

According to IDEA, at what age must transition planning begin?

answer

16

question

Individuals with ASD often face this employment challenge

answer

lack of social skills

question

When individuals with ASD lose their jobs, it is often because

answer

They do not have the needed social skills

question

At what age do the symptoms of autism usually appear?

answer

Age 3 or younger

question

High rates of ____________occur for children with ASD during their adolescent years

answer

anxiety and depression

question

Environmental supports are

answer

based on the student's needs

question

The words "autistic" and "autism" come from the Greek word autos, meaning

answer

self

question

Someone who exhibits echolalia would

answer

parrot what he or she hears

question

Ten-month-old Bella looks at a toy, then looks at her mother. As she returns her attention to the toy, her mother also looks at it and they both laugh in enjoyment over the toy. This characteristic of typically-developing children, known as ____, may be used to identify children with ASD

answer

joint attention

question

Which of the following would NOT be a component of an effective educational intervention for preschool students with ASD?

answer

use of ambiguous languages

question

A student with a disability who brings a weapon to school may be placed in an interim alternative educational setting for up to ___ days.

answer

45

question

During an anecdotal observation, the observer records:

answer

Everything observed about the individual's behavior

question

During a momentary time sample the observer records:

answer

Whether behavior occurred at a particular moment or not

question

Event recording should be used when the target behavior is:

answer

Discrete

question

Which of the following is a disadvantage in using self-reports to assess student behavior.

answer

Children tend to answer the way they perceive others would want them to answer.

question

During an assembly the principal notices that Mr. Rogers' 2nd grade class is getting restless. He moves over and stands behind Mr. Rogers' class. This is an example of:

answer

Proximity control

question

The systematic removal of reinforcers contingent on inappropriate behavior is a behavior reduction procedure called _____________.

answer

Response cost

question

Moving a disruptive student away from the group art activity (which he enjoys) for a brief period of time is considered ____________.

answer

Timeout from reinforcement

question

While conducting frequency recording, you find a student exhibited a behavior 13 times during a 15- minute period. What is the average amount of occurrences per minute?

answer

.86 times or about once per minute

question

The purpose of a functional behavioral assessment is to

answer

identify the function(s) that a student's problem behavior serves

question

Escape and avoidance behaviors are possible outcomes when using

answer

aversive stimuli

question

A behavior contract includes all of the following EXCEPT

answer

includes an expulsion clause

question

A-B-C analysis is an example of

answer

direct observation

question

If a teacher is collecting data on amount of time a student spends "on task" in a general education classroom environment, he or she would mostly likely use which method of data collection?

answer

Duration

question

If a teacher is collecting data on the amount of time it takes for a student to comply with a request, he or she would most likely use which method of data collection?

answer

Latency

question

Samantha, a 14-year old whose parents were recently divorced, calls out to the teacher daily during independent work time. Knowing that Samantha is going through a hard time, her teacher calls her into the hallway to talk about how she is doing. What is the most probable function of Samantha's behavior?

answer

Attention seeking

question

Reinforcements that are mediated by a students' teachers, parents, or peers are called:

answer

Social reinforcers

question

During which stage of the acting out cycle should a teacher debrief with the student about the impact of their behavioral outburst?

answer

Recovery

question

If a student is taught to record the number of times a target behavior occurs within the classroom setting, they have most likely been taught what cognitive behavior modification?

answer

Self-monitoring

question

When a student starts to talk out in class and the teacher walks over to the area of the room where the student is sitting, the teacher is most likely using what behavior reduction strategy?

answer

Proximity control

question

A schedule in which reinforcement is delivered after an specific interval of time has elapsed, contingent upon the occurrence of a target behavior during the interval is a:

answer

Fixed interval schedule

question

Which of the following has been found to be an effect of school-wide positive behavior supports?

answer

Decrease in number of office referrals, suspensions, and expulsions due to clearer expectations for behavior.

question

Failure to follow-through on verbal requests is an etiology for which of the following challenging behaviors?

answer

Noncompliant

question

What is self-determination?

answer

Where the individual with a disability acts as a causal agent in their life

question

Vocational rehabilitation counselors can help with?

answer

All of the above

question

A reasonable accommodation in the workplace is defined as:

answer

Is a change in a way things are done within the workplace and allows individuals with disabilities to participate in the workplace in all aspects of the workplace

question

The American with Disabilities Act went into effect in____________?

answer

1990

question

Which president signed the American with Disabilities Act into effect?

answer

President Bush

question

All of the following are examples of workplace supports for individuals with disabilities that may already exist EXCEPT

answer

Litigation supports

question

The Individualized Transition Plan should consider the following goal areas:

answer

Postsecondary

question

Self-determination is the ability of a person to

answer

act as the primary causal agent in his or her life

question

Two critical elements of community-based transition are the need for

answer

work before graduation and connections with adult services and vocational rehabilitation

question

Employers' concerns about hiring individuals with disabilities include:

answer

costs associated with hiring and not being able to terminate employment

question

Interdependence means

answer

individuals supporting others and receiving support from others

question

Transferring knowledge from one environment to another is referred to as:

answer

generalization

question

Transition assessments can be helpful in assessing students in the following areas:

answer

Preferences, vocational skills, and independent living skills

question

Asking students about where they want to live is an assessment of:

answer

Preference

question

The McGill Action Planning System was developed by:

answer

Marsha Forest

question

CBI stands for

answer

Community Based Instruction

question

What is wrong with the following objective: During career vocations training, Chris will stay with his class.

answer

Missing the criteria

question

Before going into the community, the teacher should first:

answer

Call the site of interest

question

Vocational Rehabilitation Services provides:

answer

Job experience for individuals with disabilities

question

In the IEP, the vision for the future should be a direct quote from the:

answer

Student

question

When choosing to implement a response cost, it is important for a teacher to remember which of the following ideas?

answer

The system of removal of reinforcements should be clearly explained to students prior to the implementation of response cost

question

What must a student do in order to read?

answer

Be able to decode the letters

question

When is it best to teach the mechanical skills of writing to struggling writers?

answer

Prior to instruction on the organization of an essay

question

According to Simmons and Kame'enui (2003), in order to determine that a commercial reading program is effective, teachers should look for all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Evidence of high levels of student engagement with the program

Spring 2014 Special Education Masters Comprehensive Exam – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards