Speech Ch 1-5 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
How does communication flow in the transactional model?
answer
2 way simultaneously through verbal and nonverbal channels
question
Give an example of intrapersonal communication
answer
self-talk - still your thoughts
question
Which type of communication has the most verbal feedback?
answer
Interpersonal (between 2 people)
question
Which type of communication has the least verbal feedback?
answer
Public communication
question
In which model of communication is communication a one-way activity?
answer
Linear 1 way only communication
question
Give an example of psychological noise
answer
outside noise
question
Give an example of physiological noise
answer
inside noise (body noise, tired, sore, hungry)
question
What is interpersonal communication also called?
answer
Dyadic
question
Define the term "environment" as it is used in chapter 1
answer
refers not only to a physical location but also to the personal experiences and cultural backgrounds that participants bring to a conversation; Internal feels of communication
question
List the important dynamics/characteristics of small groups
answer
1 coalition, 2 Leadership, 3 Risk-taking, 4 Creativity, 5 Peer Pressure
question
What is the reflected appraisal?
answer
The view we have of ourselves based upon on how others view us
question
What are the 3 stages of perception? (S.O.I.)
answer
Selection Interpretation Organization
question
List and explain the components of slection
answer
1 intensity, 2 contrast/change, 3 Motive, 4 Repetition
question
List and explain the components of interpretation
answer
1 Past experience, 2 Mood, 3 Knowledge/awareness, 4 self-concept
question
What is empathy and how is it useful?
answer
the ability to re-create another person's perspective, to experience the world from the other's point of view
question
Know the 3 steps of "perception checking process" in the proper order
answer
1 A description of the behavior you noticed; 2 At least two possible interpretations of the behavior; 3 A request for clarification about how to handle your interpretations.
question
what does denotative mean?
answer
dictionary definition
question
What does connotative mean?
answer
your own personal definition
question
know the 4 rules of language
answer
phonological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic
question
phonological rules
answer
govern how words sound when pronounced
question
syntactic rules
answer
govern the structure of language--the way symbols can be arranged
question
semantic rules
answer
deal with the meaning of specific words
question
pragmatic rules
answer
govern how people use language in everyday interaction
question
equivocal words
answer
have more than one correct dictionary definition
question
"fact-opinion confusion"
answer
claims that can be verified as true or false, are based on the speaker's beliefs
question
"fact-inference confusion"
answer
someone states an opinion as a fact
question
relative words
answer
words which gain their meaning by comparison
question
What is a euphemism? (How are euphemisms used?)
answer
pleasant sounding term, in replace of a harsher sounding word "sugar coding"
question
define the faulty listening behaviors
answer
pseudo, selective, defensive, ambushing, insulated, insensitive, stage hogging
question
define the faulty listening behaviors - pseudolistening
answer
is an imitation of the real thing; give the appearance of being attentive; they look you in the eye, nod and smile at the right times, and even may answer you occasionally.
question
define the faulty listening behaviors - selective
answer
respond only to the parts of a speaker's remarks that interest them
question
define the faulty listening behaviors - defensive
answer
take innocent comments as personal attacks
question
define the faulty listening behaviors - ambushing
answer
listen carefully, but only because they are collecting information to attack what you have to say
question
define the faulty listening behaviors - insulated
answer
Instead of looking for something specific, these people avoid certain topics. Whenever a subject arises they'd rather not deal with it
question
define the faulty listening behaviors - insensitive
answer
people who don't receive another person's messages clearly
question
define the faulty listening behaviors - stage hogging
answer
try to turn the topic of conversation to themselves instead of showing interest in the speaker
question
Are good listening skills really necessary for effective business management?
answer
yes because you have to listen to what people have to say in order to give them the treatment or type of running shoe that the client needs
question
What is the technical difference between hearing and listening?
answer
70% hearing - physical process & natural process 30% listening - psychological process & learned process
question
Is effective listening an active or passive process? (explain)
answer
listening is an active process because you are actually listening to someone talking
question
Remember the reasons/causes for poor listening
answer
message overload, noise (physical, physiological, semantic), faulty assumptions from rapid thought
question
What is paraphrasing? (How is it useful?)
answer
restate what the speaker just said in your own words - useful? helps w/ understanding
question
What is prompting? (How is it useful?)
answer
use of silence and brief statements of encouragement - useful? give people time to think
question
Up to what percentage of our communication is nonverbal?
answer
93% of communication is non-verbal
question
What are "affect blends"?
answer
the combination of two or more expressions showing different emotions--are possible. Ex. one who is: fearful and surprised or disgusted and angry
question
How can the design of the external "environment" (physical) effect communication interaction?
answer
physical surrounding that both reflects and shapes the communication interaction
question
Are nonverbal messages usually clear and easy to interpret accurately?
answer
although all nonverbal behavior is ambiguous, some emotions are easier to decode accurately than others
question
Can nonverbal communication be easily controlled?
answer
no because it is done unconsciously & people don't know that they are doing it
question
Is culture a very important consideration when interpreting nonverbal messages? (explain)
answer
culture is important in interpreting nonverbal messages because there are different nonverbal messages that are used in every country. waving hi in the USA might mean something very different in another country. it could be offensive
question
Define kinesics
answer
the study of body movement, gesture, and posture
question
Define illustrators
answer
nonverbal behaviors that accompany and support spoken words
question
define para-language
answer
nonverbal vocal message, it's not what you say, but it's how you say it Ex. Tone, Pitch, Volume, Energy
question
What is haptics the study of?
answer
the study of touch Ex. intensity, length, location, who is doing it
question
What are mixed messages? (Which message is probably more accurate?)
answer
a contradiction between the verbal & nonverbal communication
question
What are manipulators? (What information do they reveal?)
answer
fidgeting behaviors that often display stress/discomfort; movements in which one part of the body grooms, massages, rubs, holds, fidgets, pinches, picks--behavior that often display stress/discomfort
question
What are disfluencies?
answer
distracting fillers Ex. um, like, uh
question
What is chronemics the study of? (give some examples)
answer
the study of how human beings use structure and time
question
know the characteristics of nonverbal communication (it is continuous, it uses multiple channels, is often done unconsciously, it can be vague and ambiguous)
answer
SEE ALL FLASHCARDS WITH NVC
question
NVC Vague and Ambiguous
answer
not an exact science
question
NVC Accidential / Unconscious
answer
we don't realize that we are giving non-verbal communication
question
NVC Culture
answer
aspect that might change the situation
question
NVC Context
answer
Who is involved, where is it at
question
NVC Multiple channel
answer
posture, gesture, motions of the body
question
NVC Continuous
answer
Continuing non-verbal process
question
Non-verbal Communication
answer
any message other than the spoken word itself
question
What does proxemics study? (what are the 4 zones? - include distances for each
answer
the study of the way people and animals use space
question
Intimate distance
answer
0" - 18"
question
Personal distance
answer
18" - 4'
question
Social distance
answer
4' - 12'
question
public distance
answer
12' - +
question
Territoriality
answer
any area or fixed space over one assumes ownership (technically don't own it) Ex. Bedroom
question
Short answer Question 1
answer
list & explain 3 ways people handle face to face impression management - explain meanings of manner, appearance, and setting on p. 59
question
Short answer Question 2
answer
list & explain the 2 Q's to evaluate the speakers creditability & explain the creditability of each on p. 119
question
Short answer Question 3
answer
bottom of p. 119 & 120 - list & explain the 4 Q's U ask to examine to the speakers evidence & reasoning
question
Which type of communication has the most feedback?
answer
Interpersonal
question
Emblems
answer
they are nonverbal behaviors w/ a direct verbal translation
question
Illustrators
answer
nonverbal that accompany a person's speech
question
Regulators
answer
nonverbal behaviors that control the back & forth flow of communication
question
affect blends
answer
nonverbal behaviors that express different emotional states
question
Manipulators
answer
fidgeting behaviors that often display stress/discomfort
question
mixed messages
answer
a contradiction between the verbal & nonverbal message
