Speech 106 – Flashcards
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In dyadic communication, we are interacting
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one to a few others.
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Which of these is a message
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A. a letter B. a facial expression C. shaking hands D. turning away from another person E. all of these
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Which of the following is not an essential element of human communication?
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negativism
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Channels of communication include
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both sight and sound.
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Noise
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is anything that interferes with or distorts our ability to send or receive messages.
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According to your text, intellectual ability
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can create noise in communication.
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Feedback that is designed to encourage us to continue behaving as we are is called:
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positive
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In contrast to negative feedback, positive feedback:
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enhances behavior in progress.
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Effect is defined as
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a communication outcome.
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According to psychologist William Schutz, we all have a need for
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A. inclusion. B. control. C. affection. D. all of these
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The process of interpreting and sharing meanings with individuals from different cultures is known as
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intercultural communication.
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People displaying ethnocentric tendencies might go out of their way to maintain distance from people who are
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unlike them.
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Cultural relativism is
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the opposite of ethnocentrism.
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The United States is now the _____ demographically diverse country in the world.
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most
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Individualistic cultures include
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A. Great Britain. B. Canada. C. France. D. all of these
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Collectivistic countries include
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many African countries.
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High-context cultures
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are tradition-bound.
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Low-context cultures
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exhibit direct communication styles.
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In Korea, crossing your legs is a sign of
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a social error.
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Americans tend to value
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both personal achievement and individualism.
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To a large extent, your self-concept is shaped by
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both environment and people around you.
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A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when
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predictions cause you or other to behave in ways that make the predictions come true.
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Whereas the Pygmalion effect relates to the expectations that others have for us, the Galatea effect relates to the expectations that
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we have for ourselves.
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According to the research cited in the text, men develop
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a more positive view of themselves than women do.
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Eric Berne believes that we sometimes pattern our transactions in such a way that we
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repeatedly reenact the same script with different sets of players.
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Eric Berne calls the rules for living we learned while growing up that spell out our roles and how to play them:
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identity scripts
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What are the four quadrants of the Johari window?
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open area, blind area, hidden area, and unknown area
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Which area of the Johari window represents information about you that others, but not you, are aware of?
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blind
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People who have a large hidden area in the Johari window
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fear rejection.
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In terms of the Johari window, communication is most effective when
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A. there is a large blind area. B. there is a small open area. C. the unknown area is dominant. D. none of these
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We may change as
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A. the roles we are expected to perform change. B. the roles we perceive ourselves performing change. C. the environment. D. all of these.
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Your self-concept influences
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all aspects of your communicative behavior.
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Your self-concept
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consists of everything you think and feel about yourself.
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Self-concept represents the person you
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think you are.
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The nature of the self is
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derived from experience and projected onto future behavior.
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A unified system of symbols that permits a sharing of meaning" describes
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language
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The triangle of meaning was developed by
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Ogden and Richards
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The triangle of meaning shows that
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there is no direct connection between words and things.
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Which of the following statements about words is not true?
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The word is the thing.
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Denotative meaning refers to
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dictionary meaning.
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The connotative meaning of a word is
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its personal meaning for someone.
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Meaning is
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A. both denotative and connotative. B. affected by time and place. C. affected by experience. D. all of these
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Meanings are in
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people.
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Sapir and Whorf postulated that in many ways
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words help mold our perception of reality.
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According to Robin Lakoff, which of the following groups has a tendency to use tag questions?
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women
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Which of the following statements about "powertalkers" is most accurate?
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They make definite statements.
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When people bypass one another, they use
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different words to represent the same thing, and the same word but give it different meanings.
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To avoid bypassing, you should
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be "person-minded" instead of "word-minded."
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If we have an intensional orientation, we
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react to labels without considering what they represent.
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When we take time to look beyond words and inspect the thing itself, our orientation is said to be
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extensional.
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One function of nonverbal communication is to negate a verbal message.
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true
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About one-third of the meaning of a message is communicated nonverbally.
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false
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We tend to associate high-pitched voices with strength and maturity.
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false
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Visual dominance is calculated by comparing the percentage of looking while speaking with the percentage of looking while listening.
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true
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In U.S. culture, men neutralize their facial expressions when experiencing fear and sadness more than women do.
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true
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Silence can relay important nonverbal communication.
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true
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A speaker can use his or her eye movements to express nonverbal messages in ways that contradict their verbal message.
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true
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Civil inattention is avoiding sustained eye contact; staring is usually considered impolite.
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true
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Posture and gestures are important components of haptics.
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false
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Ethnic mixing is changing the face of attractiveness in advertising.
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true
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Listening is passive; hearing is active.
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False
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Mindfulness allows us to focus on another person and what is happening in the here and now and emptying our minds of personal concerns and interfering emotions
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True
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According to the text, Americans give more direct feedback to each other than Japanese people.
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True
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A completer is a listener who typically listens for and points out the errors of the speaker in order to diminish his or her effectiveness.
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False
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The speaker who prefaces comments with statements such as "in my opinion" or "it seems to me" is more likely to create defensiveness on the part of the listener.
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False
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Non-evaluative feedback is often construed as positive.
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True
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Communicating through voice mail is an example of asynchronous listening.
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True
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Speech-thought differential refers to the fact that we can speak faster than we can think.
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False
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The HURIER model is a model of remembering that focuses on six steps.
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False
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Listening to music on an iPod or watching a movie are examples of appreciative listening.
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True
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Which of the following statements about groups is correct?
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A. A group is a collection of people. A group is composed of individuals who cooperate with one another to reach a goal.
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A group is composed of people who
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A. interact verbally and nonverbally. B. occupy certain roles with respect to one another. C. cooperate to accomplish a goal. D. all of these
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For most tasks, a group with how many members seems to work best?
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5 to 7
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Charles Redding suggests that an effective group climate is characterized by all but which of the following?
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low performance goals
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According to Douglas McGregor, in well-functioning groups
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leadership shifts from time to time.
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Which of the following is not an advantage of group problem solving?
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It speeds up the problem-solving process.
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Which of the following is not a disadvantage of group problem solving?
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It makes identification of errors more difficult.
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The term risky shift refers to the fact that
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group decisions are often riskier than decisions made by individuals.
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Of the following decision-making strategies, the most effective is decision by
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consensus.
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Which of the following statements about group climate is false?
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The healthier the group climate, the less cohesive the group.
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What are the three key types of questions upon which decision making is based?
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fact, value, policy
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Questions of fact are concerned with
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truth or falsity of statements.
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The reflective-thinking framework was developed by
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John Dewey.
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A group technique that is used to promote a free flow of ideas is called
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brainstorming
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Which of the following would inhibit brainstorming?
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evaluating ideas for usefulness and practicability
