Special Senses – Flashcards

In a person who is color blind, which of the following would you most expect to see? a. loss of functions in the rods of their retina b. an inability to regenerate 11-cis-retinal after bleaching c. a loss of their peripheral vision d. absence of green or red cones in their fovae

the elasticity of the lens decreases with age. This leads to which of the following? a. less light getting to the retina diminished visual acuity. b. lowered accommodation of the pupillary reflex and blurred vision. c. less accommodation and difficulty focusing on nearby objects d. a clouding of the lenses, known as cataracts

a patient has a loss of hearing in only one ear. which of the following is likely to be a result? a. the patient with have increased sensitivity to sound in the unaffected ear. b. the patient will have a loss of balance with dizziness and vertigo c. the patient will not be able to track objects with the eye on the same side as the hearing loss. d. the patient will not be able to localize the origin of sounds

tom is 45 year old male that has lost his ability to hear high frequency sounds. the most likely explanation for this would be_____. a. and overgrowth of bony tissue, fusing the ossicles together. b. a perforated tympanic membrane. c. damage to the hair cells near the oval window in the cochlear duct. d. middle ear infeciton

what taste sensation results when sodium ion enter gustatory cells through sodium ion channel receptors and the cell depolarizes? a. umami b. sour c. bitter d. salty

twenty year old Leslie learned she is hyperopic after having her eyes examined. What best describers her eye condition? a. her eyeballs are short b. her eyeball shape is normal c. her eyes are experiencing age-related decline d. her eyeballs are too long

what separates the outer ear from the middle ear? a. auricle b. auditory ossicles c. pharyngotympanic tube d. tympanic membrane

when the ciliary muscles are relaxed, the lens is relatively ______, allowing the eye to focus on objects that are _____. a. round; close b. flat; distant c. transparent; anywhere within the field of view d. round; distant e. flat; close

the breakdown of cGMP in the cytosol of a photoreceptor upon exposure to light results in a. opening of sodium channels and depolarization of the cell b. closure of potassium channels and repolarization of the cell c. opening of potassium channels and hyper polarization of the cell d. closure of sodium channels and hyper polarization of the cell e. opening of calcium channels and depolarization of the cell

depolarization of hair cells in the utricle occurs when the a. hair cells bend toward the kinocilium b. head is tilted to the right c. hair cells bend away from the kinocilium d. head is tilted to the left e. head is tilted forward

first order olfactory neurons synapse with ____. These synapses occur in clusters called____. a. bicuspid cells; glomeruli b. mitral cells; glomeruli c. olfactory neurons; cribriform areas d. mitral cells; cribriform areas e. olfactory neurons; glomeruli

which of the following is an incorrect match between cranial nerve and special sense? a. cranial nerve I- olfaction b. cranial nerve II - vision c. cranial nerve III - taste d. cranial nerve VIII - hearing e. cranial nerve VIII- equilibrium

an increase in pressure within the eye due to expansion of the aqueous humor that can eventually compromise blood flow to the eye is called a. diabetic microvascular insufficiency b. glaucoma c. angiogenesis d. macular degeneration e. retinitis pegmentosa

receptors for hearing are located in the ______. a. semicircular canals. b. tympanic membrane c. vestibule d. cochlea

what structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye? a. lens b. aqueous humor c. iris d. cornea

taste buds are not found_____. a. in circumvallate papillae b. lining the buccal cavity c. in fungiform papillae d. in filiform papillae

the blind spot of the eye is where_____. a. the macula lutea is located. b. the optic nerve leaves the eye c. more rods than cones are found d. only cones occur

which of the following types of neurons are replaced throughout adult life? a. retinal ganglion cells b. olfactory receptor cells c. retinal bipolar cells d. auditory outer and inner hair cells

ordinarily, it is NOT possible to transplant tissues from one person to another, yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection. this is because the cornea _____. a. is not a living tissue b. does not contain connective tissue c. has no nerve supply d. has no blood supply

the oval window is connected directly to which passageway? a. pharyngotympanic tube b. scala tympani c. external acoustic meatus d. scala vestiboli

There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neuron layer form the optic nerves? a. bipolar cells b. cone cells c. rob cells d. ganglion cells

olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by_____. a. the movement of otoliths b. substances in solution c. movement of cupula d. stretching of the receptor cells

During dark adaptation _____. a. the sensitivity of the retina decreases b. the rate of rhodopsin breakdown is accelerated c. the cones are activated d. rhodopsin accumulates in the rods

an essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is(are) the ____. a. otoliths b. cupula c. scala media d. spiral organ (of corti )

light passes through following structures in which order? a. cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor. b. cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor. c. vitreous humor lens, aqueous humor, cornea. d. aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humor.