sociology test three – Flashcards
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Based on scapegoat theory, you would conclude that prejudice is caused by
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frustration among people who are themselves disadvantaged
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gender refers to
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the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being male and female
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max weber argues that, in agrarian societies, the dimension of social inequality that has the greatest importance is
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social prestige, honor
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which of the following statements is an example of "neocolonialism"
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multinational corporations dominate the economy of a poor country
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multiculturalists oppose the goal of assimilation because
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this suggests that minorities are the ones who need to do all the changing
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the US is not truly pluralistic because
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racial and ethnic categories today not not have equal social standing
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Talcott Parsons described gender in terms of
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complementarity
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looking back over US history, we see a general trend by which women
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have gained both power and economic oppertunities
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while modernization theory focuses on........,dependency theory focuses on.......
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the production of wealth;the distribution of wealth
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Japanese immigrants differed from earlier Chinese immigrants by
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knowing more about the US before they got here
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because of social stratification in the US
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some people have more privilages and opportunities than others do
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the text gives several reasons that a socialist revolution did not take place as Karl Marx predicted. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the reasons given in the text
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there is not longer and concentration of wealth in our society
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the concept "absolute poverty" refers to
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a lack of resource that is life threatening
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Margaret Mead's research on gender in three societies supports the conclusion that
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societies may define both "masculine" and "feminine" differently
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which theoretical approach is linked to dependency theory
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the social conflict approch
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dependency theory claims that poor nations
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were "undeveloped" by the colonial practices of rich nations
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In general, societies that have a caste system have an economy based on
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agriculture
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a college profesor who has advances degrees, moderate salary, and little power can be described as having
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low status consistency
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Friedrich Engals claimed that capitalism
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increases men's domination of women
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Stereotypes refer to
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exaggerated description applied to everyone in some category
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Which type of feminism accepts the basic organization of US society, but seeks to expand the rights and opportunities of women
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liberal feminism
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in the US most people
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identify with one or more ethnic category
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read over the following four statements about social mobility in the US. Which is NOT correct
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within a single generation, most social mobility involved jumping from one class level to another rather than making small movements within one class
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the "beauty myth" refers to the idea that
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women learn to measure their personal importance in terms of physical appearance
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Which of the following concepts refers to an invisible, yet real, barrier that prevents many women from rising beyond middle-management positions?
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"glass ceiling"
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With regard to the role of rich nations, dependency theory
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claims that rich nations are to blame for global poverty
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Which of the following concepts refers to social organization in which males dominate females
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patriarchy
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the concept "ideology" refers to
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cultural beliefs that justify social stratification
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the Davis-Moore Thesis states that
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society must attach enough rewards to important jobs to attract the talent needed to perform these jobs well
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While being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of.......,being in the lower-upper class is more often a matter of......
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birth;achievement
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In theory, which of the following involved the greatest amount of social mobility
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meritocracy
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Which of the following situations is NOT an example of institutional discrimination?
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A mother wants her child to stay away from schoolmates of a different race
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Modernization theory claims that
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the main causes of poverty include traditional culture and lack of advanced technology
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Jill buys a very expensive car to impress her friend. Her purchase is an example of
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conspicuous consumption
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Compared to poverty in the US, poverty in low-income nations is
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more widespread and severe
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Which factor accounts for the largest share of difference in the earning of working men and women in the US
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difference in the type of work men and women do
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read the following four statements about social stratification. which statement is NOT correct?
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A family's social standing typically changes a great deal from generation to generation
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Critics claim that modernization theory
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ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations
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in the US schools, courses in sociology typically enroll
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more women than men
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Race refers to.....considered important by a society, and ethnicity refers to.........
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biological traits; cultural traits
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if you wanted to recruit people to join a feminist organization, you would expect to have the most positive response from
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african americans
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which of the following statements about gender and housework is CORRECT
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among employed people, married or not, with or without children, women do most of the housework
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in general, people in the......tend to be less tolerant of controversial behavior such as homosexuality
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working class
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Read the following statements about minorities. Which is NOT correct?
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All people in a minority category are socially disadvantaged
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read the following statements about minorities. which is NOT correct?
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"arab" and "muslim" mean the same thing
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Most low-income nations are found in
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Africa and Asia
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While prejudice is a matter of.....,discrimination is a matter of......
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attitudes; action
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In the US, the cost of sexism for men include
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engaging in many high-risk behaviors
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Which type of feminism seeks to end patriarchy by eliminating the idea of gender itself?
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radical feminism
