Sociology-Henslin Ch. 18 – Flashcards
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Members of a religious cult who practice human sacrifice qualify as a moral community as much as any organization that refers to itself as a religion,, including Roman Catholics, fundamentalist Christians, Muslims, and Orthodox Jews.
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True
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A dysfunction of religion that included executing suspected witches disappeared during the eighteenth century when religion became more civilized.
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False
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Jews, Christians, and Muslims all share a common ground in their religious beliefs which is called a cosmology.
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True
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Excommunication, shunning, and being stricken from the rolls are methods various religions use to address members who violate religious doctrine and refuse to ask forgiveness.
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True
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Karl Marx was an avowed atheist who characterized religion as "the opium of the people."
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True
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Conflict theorists see religion as being the means of social change and an instrument to establish a perfect society.
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False
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During the first thousand years of Christianity, there was only one church organization, directed from Rome.
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True
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Hinduism has no specific founder and no canonical scripture.
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True
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In state religions, which are also called ecclesia, the government and religion work together to try to shape society.
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True
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A fundamental effort of cults is evangelism, the active recruitment of new members.
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True
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What is the primary reason sociologists study religion?
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to study the role that religion plays in people's lives
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Why can't sociologists empirically study religion?
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Religion is a matter of faith that is beyond objective evaluation.
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What does incorporating religious teachings into criminal law, such as prohibiting the sale of alcoholic beverages before noon on Sunday, illustrate about religion?
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It is a means of social control.
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What are the two dysfunctions of religion addressed in the textbook?
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religious persecution; war and terrorism
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What does the spirit of capitalism refer to, as proposed by Max Weber?
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It is a new approach to work and money that emphasizes investment to make profit
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What is the belief that all objects in the world have spirits, some of which are dangerous?
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animism
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Which of the following religions has the longest history?
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Judaism
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Islam today is divided between two groups, one conservative and one liberal. The faction which tends to be more liberal and accepting of social change is
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The Sunni
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Muslims and Jews alike trace their ancestry to
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Abraham
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In Hinduism, one of the central beliefs is karma, which means
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spiritual progress
