Sociology Exam 2: Quiz 9 – Flashcards
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When token men enter feminized jobs, they enjoy a quicker rise to leadership positions. This is referred to as:
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Glass Escalator
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Until 1973, the American Psychiatric Association and the American Psychological Association listed homosexuality as:
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A mental disorder
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It is argued in your text that gender structures social relationships by giving men the advantage in society. Which of the following is LEAST likely to happen?
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When men enter female-dominated occupations, they often become victims of sexual harassment
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Jobs that have been feminized, such as teaching or secretarial work, are also referred to as:
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Pink-collar jobs
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Sociologist Cynthia Fuchs Epstein argues that deceptive distinctions are those sex differences that arise out of the roles individuals occupy, rather than from some innate force. Which of the following is NOT an example of deceptive distinctions?
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A girl who is a cheerleader and acts unanimated and unenthusiastic
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Michael Kimmel found that in the eighteenth century, the ideal man was very different than the modern-day ideal man. The ideal man in the 1700s was:
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A quiet and "nerdy" intellectual who enjoyed writing poetry
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While the notion of sex refers to biological characteristics, the concept of gender refers to:
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Social characteristics
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The basic idea behind feminism is that women and men should be:
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Accorded equal opportunities and respect
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By looking at anthropological findings in tribal societies, sociologists can see fluidity in gender, which helps us see that the boundaries within our own system of gender:
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May not be stable
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What is the term that refers to desire, sexual preference, sexual identity, and behavior?
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Sexuality
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If we apply our sociological imaginations to sex, gender, and sexuality, we might argue that:
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Although biological differences exist between men and women, what we make of those differences is socially constructed and has changed through time and place
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Which theoretical perspective argues that gender is a product of social interactions, and that by "doing gender" men and women create and contribute to the gendered patterns we see?
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Symbolic interaction
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Gender structures social relationships between people unequally. This is a statement that would be supported by which group?
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Feminists
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Similar to hegemonic masculinity, social problems that exist within a dominant group in a society tend to be:
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Invisible because it is regarded as the norm
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Under the sex/gender system, men universally perform the kinds of tasks that:
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Are accorded higher value than those done by women
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Although a binary sex system imposes order in the world and helps us make sense of a complicated mass of populations, it also:
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Limits our ability to accept difference
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Alfred Kinsey's 1948 study, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, is important because:
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It viewed sexuality as falling on a continuum, thus challenging the psychiatric claim of homosexuality as "abnormal."
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The study of gender is basically the study of how two spheres shape each other. What are the two spheres?
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Nature and nurture
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All of the following examples call into question the two firm categories of sex and gender that dominate our thinking EXCEPT:
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The existence of male/female teams in sports
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According to Talcott Parsons, the nuclear family is the ideal arrangement in modern society because it fulfills the function of reproducing workers and the division of labor ensures a stable society. What did Parsons call this theory?
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Sex role theory
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Why do parents and surgeons push to assign a sex to a genitally ambiguous child?
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Social discomfort and fear of difference
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According to Judith Lorber, differences between the sexes are not easy to explain because gender isn't natural, but rather is:
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A social institution
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What argument do Reskin and Roos use to support the reason women end up in lower-paid jobs?
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These jobs are not attractive to men
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Feminist philosopher Elizabeth Grosz proposed that we view the relationship between sex (the natural) and gender (the social) as existing on a Möbius strip because:
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Sex and gender are two sides of the same coin and are thus inseparable
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Although women now outnumber men in terms of college enrollment, men still dominate which fields?
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Math and physics
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Surgeons today recommend prompt surgery to make intersex children conform to an ideal of normal genitalia. About 90 percent of these surgeries:
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Reassign an ambiguous male anatomy into a female one
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According to Robert Merton, "middle-range" theories are useful because they:
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Connect our day-to-day experiences to larger social forces
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In the classroom, compared to boys, girls:
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Are expected to be better at reading
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Which theory might argue that "it is beneficial for society as a whole when men and women stick to their 'normal' roles"?
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Parson's sex role theory
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In the classroom, compared to girls, boys are:
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More likely to interrupt (and get away with it)
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Feminist psychoanalyst Nancy Chodorow believes that if men share mothering with women, then:
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Egalitarian relationships will be possible
