Social Work Theories Test Questions – Flashcards

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Crisis Intervention Theory Goals
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1. Reduce impact of the crisis situation in the immediate moment (reduce symptoms) 2. Assist the individual in more effectively responding to the impact of the stressful event by using internal and external resources 3. Restoration to at least pre-crisis level of functioning
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Crisis Intervention Theory Stages of Individuals in Crisis
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1. Experience a crisis/precipitating event 2. Express increased tension and shock, possible denial of the crisis situation, and failure of customary coping skills 3. Experiences sharply escalating tension, varying levels of depression, and varying levels of depression, and feeling of being overwhelmed, confused, helpless and/or hopeless 4. Attempts to use different means of coping. Can be maladaptive or adaptive
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Phases of Crisis Intervention
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1. Formulation of Problem- immediate focus on the event and assessment of functioning 2. Implementation Phase- gain additional background information 3. Treatment Phase-
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Seven Stages of Crisis Intervention Model
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Roberts (1991) 1. Conduct biopsychosocial and imminent danger assessment. 2. Rapidly establish rapport 3. Identify major problems or crisis precipitants 4. Deal with the client's feelings and emotions 5. Generate and explore alternatives and new copign strategies 6. Restore functioning through implementation of an action plan 7. Plan a follow-up time to meet with the client
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Task Centered Treatment
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Short-term approach to treatment based on learning and cognitive theories. Can use interventions and strategies to achieve concrete goals.
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Task Centered Treatment Stages
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Engagement Proplem-Centered Assessment Development of problem-solving tasks/planning implementation Performing problem solving tasks Review progress in achieving a task at the beginning of each session Social worker and client plan a new task or deal with obstacles to task completion Evaluation Termination
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Classical Conditioning Model
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A Behavioral Theory Help the client unlearn maladaptive responses to environmental stimuli Based on counter conditioning by Wolpe Entails conditioning an individual to associate pleasant feelings with stimulus that has been anxiety producing
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Sensate Focus
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A behavioral theory use in sex therapy Start with having couple focus on sensual massage, hugging, etc while refraining from having intercourse, and gradually rebuilding their sexual repertoire while continuing to foucs on sensual pleasure rather than on achieving orgasm
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Operant Conditioning
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A behavioral theory focuses on behaviors that operate or act on the environment with the goal of obtaining some response Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, shaping, interval=time, ratio= # of occurances (can be fixed or variable), punishment
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CognitiveTherapy
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Aaron Beck Common Thinking Errors Client's problems defined in cognitive terms Goal-oriented and problem-focused Largely educational, time limited Methods include: collaborative empiricism, socratic dialogue, guided discovery, decatstrophizing, reattribution training, decentering
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Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
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Albert Ellis Explanation of Personality A=activating events, B=Belief System of Individual, C=Consequences Emotional health results from the rational/logical processing of activating events. Common irrational beliefs Therapist's role is to educate the client and challenge the rationality of beliefs. Homework including reading or watching tapes of sessions
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Dialectical Behavioral Therapy
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Marsha Linehan Primarily used with clients diagnosed Borderline Personality Disorder Treatment is a combination of behavioral and cognitive therapies that incorporates mindfullness. Includes both individual and group components Interpersonal effectiveness, distrust tolerance, emotion regulation
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Solution-Focused Therapy
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Short-term, strengths-based treatment model that emphasizes empowerment to allow client to take action him or herself Describing the problem Developing well-formulated goals Working cooperatively to idetify solutions to problems End of session feedback Evaluation of client progress Techniques: miracle question, exception-finding, presuppositional questions, compliments, listening skills, empath, scaling questions
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Person-Centered Therapy
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Carl Rogers Belief that humans will inately achieve their full potential in a warm, caring, and authentic environment. Therapist is non-directive, the theraputice alliance is critical, genuineness, empath or understanding are key.
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Gestalt
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Fritz Perls Humans are constantly discovering who they are, behavior is whole, not part of who they are. Focus on increasing awareness and clarity of the experience of the moment. Goal of therapy is to help the client achieve integration of the various aspects of the self in order to become a unified whole. Techniques: directed awareness, enactment (empty chair), guided fantasy visualization, body techniques, dreamwork
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Transactional Analysis
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Eric Berne Often used in group settings as it teaches individuals to trust one another Therapist is the faciliator of change Ego States: adult, parent, child (parts of personality)
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Experiential Family Therapy
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Satir, bateson, Jackson, Haley primary purpose of symptoms as being the maintenance of homeostasis in the family. Primary goal of therapy is to alter the interactional patterns that maintain the presenting symptoms
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Structural Family Theory
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Minuchin Families have an underlying organization that is adaptive or maladaptive. Maladaptive patterns of interaction lead to symptoms. Role of therapist is to identify the maladaptive patterns and make structural changes Techniques: joining, evaluating family structure, restructuring, enactment, reframing
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Strategic Family Therapy
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Jay Haley Emphasizes change techniques over theory. Influenced by Milton Erickson Therapist is very directive, especially useful with change-resistant families Techniques: Take charge role, directies, paradoxical directives, ordeals, out-positioning, reframing
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Psychosexual Stages of Development (Freud)
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1. Oral Stage (birth-1 year) Receptive and Biting Substages 2. Anal Stage (2-3 years) Expulsion and Retention Substages 3. Phallic Stage (3-5 years) 4. Latency Period (6-11 years) 5. Genital Stage (12-adulthood)
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Erikson's Psychosocial Stages
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1. Trust vs. Mistrust (birth-1 year) 2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (2-3 years) 3. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6 years) 4. Industry vs. Inferiority (6-11 years) 5. Identity vs. Identity Diffusion (12-18 years) 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (early adulthood: 19-mid 20s) 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation/Self-Absorbtion (middle age: late 20s-50s) 8. Integrity vs. Dispair (old age: 60s and beyond)
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Piaget's Devlopmental Stages
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Stage 1: Sensorimotor (birth-2 years) 6 substages that are the precursors to intelligence Stage 2: Pre-operational (2-7 years) think more about the actions to take with objects. Develop imagination. Stage 3: Concrete Operations (7-11 years) able to reason, understands conservation Stage 4: Formal Operations (11-adulthood if attained) Able to reason in the abstract
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Kohlberg's Moral Development
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Level 1: Pre-Conventional- based on individual perspective Level 2: Conventional Morality- member of society perspecitive Level 3: Post-Conventional- autonomous level- identification of universal moral principles
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Stages of Death and Dying
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Elizabeth Kubler-Ross 1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance
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Xanax
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Anti-anxiety (alprazolam)
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Valium
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Anti-anxiety (diazepam)
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Ativan
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Anti-anxiety (lorazepam)
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Klonipin
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Anti-anxiety (clonazepam)
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Buspar
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Non-sedative anti-anxiety and non-addictive Good for generalized anxiety disorder
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Tofranil
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Tricyclic antidepressant (imiprimine)
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Prozac
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SSRI antidepressant (fluoxetine)
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Paxil
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SSRI antidepressant (paroxetine)
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Zoloft
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SSRI antidepressant (sertaline)
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Celexa
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SSRI antidepressant (citalopram)
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Lexapro
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SSRI antidepressant (escitalopram)
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Luvox
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SSRI antidepressant (luvoxamine)
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Wellbutrin
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Atypical antidepressant (bupropion)
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Remeron
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Atypical antipressant (mirtazapine)
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Thorazine
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Antipsychotics (chlorpromazine)
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Mellaril
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Antipsychotics (thioridazine)
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Haldol
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Antipsychotics (haloperidol)
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Prolixin
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Antipsychotics (fluphenazine)
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Clozaril
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Atypical Antipsychotics (clozapine) last resort
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Risperdal
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Atypical Antipsychotics (risperidone)
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Zyprexa
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Atypical Antipsychotics/Mood stabilizer (olanzapine)
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Abilify
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Atypical Antipsychotics (aripirazole) common with SSRI
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Seroquel
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Atypical Antipsychotics (quetiapine)
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Drugs to treat side effects of antipsychotics
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Cogentin, Benadryl, Artane
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Lithobid
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Mood Stabilizer (lithium, lithium carbonate)
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Depakote
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Mood Stabilizer (divalproex sodium) an anti cunvulsant
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Lamictal
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Mood Stabilizer (lamotrigine)
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Topamax
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Mood Stabilizer (topiramate)
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Tegretol
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Mood Stabilizer (carbamezepine)
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Geodon
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Mood Stabilizer (ziprasidone)
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Ritalin
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or Metadate Psychostimulant (methlphenidate)
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Dexidrine
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Psychostimulant (dextroamphetamine)
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Adderall
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Psychostimulant (amphetamine)
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Concerta
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Psychostimulant (methlphenidate)
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Vyvanse
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Psychostimulant (lisdexafetamine dimesylate)
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Focalin
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Psychostimulant (dexmethylphenidate)
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Strattera
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Non-stimulant for ADHD
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Catapress or Tenex
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clonidine or guanfacine For Tics, impulsivity, and aggressive behaviors
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