Social Studys Renaissance – Flashcards
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Humanism
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The importance of human values instead of religious beliefs.
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Secular
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Non-Religious
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dogma
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A set of religious beliefs that cannot be challenged.
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heresy
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An opinion that contradicts the official teaching of the church.
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Classics
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Writings of the ancient greeks and romans.
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humanities
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The study of literature, philosophy and art.
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What was the Renaissance period?
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A period of creativity, new ideas, and inspiration.
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When what was the Renaissance period?
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1350-1500
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What does Renaissance mean?
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rebirth
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What did people believe about the Renaissance for Europe?
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A new beginning in Europe.
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Where did the Renaissance start?
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It started in Italy, Florence and Venice
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What are the subjects known as humanity?
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History, poetry, and Grammar.
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What was Florence?
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A banking and trade center.
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What was the most successful trading city?
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Venice because they brought goods all the way from Asia.
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Renaissance was about
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Art, Literature, and Science
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Perspective
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A method to show 3D scenes on a flat surface so that it looks real, or the differences in the way things look when they are close to something or far away.
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Michael Angelo
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He was able to show the sense of personality in his work. He was a painter and sculpture, they seemed almost alive.
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Leonardo Davinvi
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He had a Renaissance goal of excelling in many areas. He was a painter, sculptor, architect, scientist, and engineer. He sketched plants and animals as well as inventions such as a submarine. He collected knowledge about the human body.
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What were the four social classes of the Renaissance in Florence?
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the nobles, the merchants, the tradesmen, and the unskilled workers.
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Nobles
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they lived on large estates, owned most of the city's land ,and served as military officers, royal advisers and as politicians.
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Patrons
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Someone who sponsers
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Merchants
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They gained wealth through industries like wool processing, shipbuilding and banking. They sought to protect their wealth by controlling the government and marrying into noble families.
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Tradesmen
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In Florence they were crafts workers and shopkeepers. Most of them belonged to guilds, organizations that established standards of quality, set rules for membership, and limited outside competition.
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Unskilled workers
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They were the lowest class of city workers. They did not have job protection and were very dependent on their employers. If they violated their rules they could have their wages withheld or could be discharged from their jobs. They worked on the urban side and were better of than the peasants who lived in rural areas.
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Peasents
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The poorest of them were sharecroppers who worked on land owned by nobles.Life on their farms was difficult, and starvation was common.
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Do you think the merchants fit the ancient Roman definition of patrician?
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No because patricians are the highest families or the ruling class families, and the merchants are the traders.
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Patrician
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The ruling class families.
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What did they do to gain public favor.
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They became patrons of great artists.
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What did Renaissance patrons want?
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They wanted art that showed joy in human beauty and life's pleasures, which is why the art of the Renaissance is more lifelike than in the art of the Middle Ages.
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Giotto
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He was one of the first artists to paint more lifelike and with more depth. His paintings showed real emotion. The background of his paintings shows perspective.
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Leonardo da Vinvi
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He was called the "Renaissance Man" He was a scientist and an inventor as well as an artist. He designed imitation wings so people could fly. He painted the famous Mona Lisa. The painting his Last Supper shows clearly the different feelings of Jesus and his followers.
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Michelangelo
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He was also a "Renaissance Man" of many talents. He was a sculptor, a painter, and an architect. He included veins and muscles in the arms and legs of his sculptures. He was a devout Christian. He designed the dome of a church in Rome. He also has his paintings covering the ceiling of the Sistine chapel.
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Sistine Chapel
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The building where new popes have been selected for more than five hundred years. Michelangelo's most famous paintings.
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The Book of Genesis
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Has scenes that span from the Creation to the Flood.
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How was Renaissance art different from the art that preceded it?
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Renaissance art was more realistic and lifelike. Their paintings seemed to have depth because they studied perspective.
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How did scholars promote the investigation of nature?
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Through reason and observation
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What did humanists study?
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They studied the classics-writings of the ancient Greeks and Romans. In the works of the classics, Renaissance scholars found an earlier way of thinking similar to their own.
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What did humanists recreate?
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Classical styles in art, literature, and architecture.
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What did humanists believe?
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They believed that by studying the classics they could better understand people and the world.
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What is the study of literature?
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Philosophy and art as the humanities.
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Who were the humanists?
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Humanists emphasized the importance of human values instead of religious beliefs.
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What were the classics?
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Classics were writings of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
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Why were the humanists often at odds with the church?
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Their promotions of secular, or non-religious values.
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Why did Galileo accept his sentence of house arrest?
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He respected his Christian faith, but continued to write and study from his home.
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What are the humanities?
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The study of literature, philosophy, and art.
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What was unique about Michelangelo's Moses?
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It looked realistic, he included veins and muscles on the sculpture's arms and legs.
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What did Michelangelo paint on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
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A painting that illustrates the Book of Genesis with scenes that span from the creation to the flood.
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Why would the church want a Michelangelo's painting on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
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He was a really good artist whose paintings were very realistic.
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William Shakespere
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Most famous, English dramatists. He is best known for Poetry and drama. His writing shows human natures. He is good at expressing thoughts and feelings of characters well.
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Renaissance man
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Someone who has lots of skills.
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What happened to the Europeans?
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they started to read for the first time and got inspired to study math, astronomy and other fields of science. They started to develop new inventions, domes that can rise higher than buildings.
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Johan Gutenberg
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He invented the moveable type printing press and was German. This printing press would print books quicker. It helped the idea of the Renaissance spread throughout Italy.
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How did life in Europe change during the Renaissance?
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It was an age of growth in Europe. New, powerful city states emerged. People became wealthier and had more than enough money to spend. The middle class had more free time so they spent learning foreign languages, reading, playing musical instruments and studying other things of interest. A lot of are changed in Europe.
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List and explain two results of the increase in trade in Europe.
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Merchants brought goods and ideas,, and they made it safer to travel
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What did Renaissance humanists believe about people's abilities?
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They believed that all people have the ability to control their own lives and achieve greatness.
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ethics
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a group of subjects that focus on human life culture.
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What subjects from ancient times did humanists study and explore?
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"Humanities" (the study of life and culture) such as grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, ethics.
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How did the rise of commerce and banking affect life in towns and cities?
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The quality of life improved because wealthy merchants and bankers invested in buildings and art which supported education and culture.
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How did the Renaissance humanists' beliefs sometimes conflict with those of the Catholic Church?
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humanism went against church's teachings such as god made rules, follow rules without question, life after death is more important than life, and not to question things.
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What did Michelangelo intend in his work?
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He intended for his work to look real. He added muscles and veins to make it look real.
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In your opinion does he reflect the Renaissance way of thinking.
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Yes because in his are he uses classical beauty and naturalism.
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What did Renaissance humanists believe about people's abilities.
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Renaissance humanists believed about people's abilities, that all people have the ability to control their own lives and achieve greatness.
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What subjects from ancient times did humanists study and explore?
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Humanists studied and explored "Humanities" (The study of life and culture) such as grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, and ethics.
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How did the Renaissance humanists beliefs sometimes conflict with those of the catholic church?
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Humanism went against church's teachings such as god made rules, follow rules without question, life after death is more important than life, and not to question things.
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What was the goal of Renaissance artists, like Michelangelo?
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Renaissance patrons wanted art that showed joy in human beauty and life's pleasures.
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Name one characteristic of Renaissance art?
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Perspective. Artists use perspective to show depths, emotion, motion, and life-like characteristics.
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How did merchants and bakers use their increased wealth in a way that contributed to the Renaissance?
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Merchants and bankers would sponser or pay the artist, and in this way contribute to having them do art. Like when Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel.
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What where the Renaissance artists inspired more by?
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They were inspired more by classical art than medieval art.
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Classical art
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The art of Greeks and Romans.
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Classical culture
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art, architecture, government, and language.
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secularism
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A belief system that rejects religion, or the belief that religion should not be part of the affairs of the state or part of public education.
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When did the Renaissance begin?
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At the end of the Middle Ages.
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What was the reason for growth of trade in Europe?
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European cities were located on trade routes.
