question

which statement is least accurate regarding language? A. Language is the primary method people communicate with one another. B. It is based on a series of symbols that can be strung together in an infinite number of ways C. Language is universal in terms if the meaning of particular sounds D. Language allows culture to exist

answer

C. Language us universal in terms of the meanings of particular sounds

question

A person who was preoccupied with understanding gestures would concentrate on: A. The word choice of those who spoke to him. B. The way individuals used their bodies. C. how another individual was dressed D. how other individuals pronounced words

answer

B. the way individuals used their bodies

question

The term coined by sociologists William Ogburn To describe a situation in which non material culture changes slower than material culture was_____. A. Cultural lag B. Cultural imperatives C. Cultural response D. Cultural Adaptation

answer

A. Cultural Lag

question

In recent years, cultures have become more similar to each other as a result of travel and communication. Sociologists use the term, _______, to describe this process. A. Cultural bridging B. Cultural Adaptation C. Cultural Dissolution C. Cultural Leveling

answer

D. Cultural Leveling

question

Central to a groups material culture is its technology. True or false

answer

true

question

Max Weber termed the readiness to invest capital in order to make more money the _____. A.Protestant ethic B. Spirit of capitalism C. the spirit of verstehen D. entrepreneurial ethic

answer

B. spirit of capitalism

question

tradition and the scientific method share many similarities, including systematic observation and common sense. True or false

answer

False

question

Karl Marx did not think himself as a sociologist, preferring instead to concentrate his research efforts on history, philosophy, economics, and political science. True or false

answer

true

question

Meegan is taking a course at a university in Hew Dehli, India as a part of a student exchange programs. She is having difficulty accepting many of the local customs including the status of bovines and the apparent lack of respect women receive. Meegan is making a sincere effort, however, to understand the Indian customs and to place this behavior within a broader social context. In view of this, Meegan is engaging _______. A, the sociological perspective B. ethnocentrism C. the relativist fallacy D. the social imperative

answer

A. The sociological perspective

question

The university that dominated sociology as an academic discipline where Albion Smalls headed the department was _____. A, the University of California Berkeley B. Harvard University C. Princeton University D. The university of Chicago

answer

D. the university of Chicago

question

Sociologist believe that the key to explaining our behavior is_____. A. IQ and aptitude B. our socially constructed self C, our biological makeup D. temperament and personality

answer

B. our socially constructed self

question

According to Piaget, the stage of development that is dominated by touching, listening, and looking, and the inability to recognize cause and effect is the ______ stage. A. Formal operational B. Preoperational C. Sensorimotor D. concrete operation

answer

C. sensorimotor

question

As we proceed on our life course, sociologists believe the events we experience are largely influenced by _____. A. our social location and time period we were born in B. our biological makeup C. Our basic IQ and aptitude D. the ability to dominate our peers

answer

A. our social location and time period we were born in

question

Jena Piaget, the swiss psychologist, developed a four stage process of moral development that included the sensoirmotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages True or false

answer

True

question

A position that someone occupies such as a judge, astronaut, student, or professor is called ____. A. role B. class C. category D. Status

answer

D. Status

question

IN the small town of Brandon sociologists are collecting data on single-parent families vs. two parent families. They are comparing their incomes and number of children each has. Each of the components they are studying are part of what sociologists refer to as the family______. A. status B.Dynamics C. structure D. Functions

answer

C. structure

question

Why do functionalists argue that the incest taboo is a nearly universal norm? A.The incest taboo facilitates the socialization of children and avoids role confusion B. incest is universally regarded as a deviant act C. it prevents the transference of genetic defects. D. It reinforces patriarchal authority

answer

A. the incest taboo facilitates the socialization of children and avoids role confusion

question

Edgar and Jayne are coupled in their 40s. they are busy raising a family of three children. They also spend considerable time each week at their parents' homes doing yard maintenance and running errands for their parents. Edgar and Jane are memebers of the _______ generation. A. Unbrella B. Yuppie C. Baby Boom D. Sandwich

answer

D. Sandwich

question

How has the age of the average first-time bride and groom in the United States changed since 1890? A. The Bride is older, but the groom is younger than at any other time. B. both the bride and the groom are older than at any other time C. Both the bride and groom are younger than at any other time D. The groom is older, but eh bride is younger than at any other time

answer

B. bothe the bride and groom are older than at any other time

question

It is still customary in U.S. society for a bride to accept her husband's last name and for the bride's family to pay for the wedding. What is the line of authority this represent? A. Patriarchy B. Matriarchy C. and egalitarian society D. a bilineal society

answer

A. patriarchy

question

Jane is a nurse, wife, and mother. This would be an example of ____. A. her ascribed statuses B. her achieved statuses C. her roles D. status inconsistency

answer

B. her achieved statuses

question

Which of the following represents an ascribed status? A. High school drop out B. sociology major C. Mother D. American of Japanese descent

answer

D. American of Japanese descent

question

According to Durkheim, when a society increases in size, its division of labor becomes more specialized. People begin to depend on one another and become interdependent. This form of social cohesion he termed? A. Gemeinschaft B. organic solidarity C. mechanical solidarity D. Gesellschaft

answer

B. Organic solidarity

question

Although societies change, people's orientation to life, what they do, feel, and think, remains the same True or false

answer

False

question

Hilda is studying at the library. She has placed her coat on the chair next to her and has spread books in front of the other chairs. Hilda is trying to extend her ____ so others do not invade it. A. Intimate space B. personal space C. social space D. Public space

answer

B. personal space

question

With respect to group size, Georg Simmel noted that _____. A. As small groups grow larger, they become less stable B. as small groups grow larger, they become more intimate C. as small groups grow larger, they become more stable D. marriages becomes lass stable with the arrival of children

answer

C. a s small groups grow larger, they beccom more stable

question

different situations require different styles of leadership be used to meet the primary goals of the group. Imagine a tour group that is lost in a desert. Which type of leadership would be best for the tour guide to adopt? A. Democratic B. Authoritarian C. laissez- faire D. expressive

answer

B. authoritarian

question

The ausch experiment demonstrated that individual will power supersedes the power of peer influence, especially in non-threatening situations. True or false

answer

True

question

Groups in which members do less scapegoating and work at a steadier pace, even without supervision, are most likely headed by a(n) ______ Leader. A. laissez faire B. Authoritarian C. dictatorial D. Deocratic

answer

D. Democratic

question

The plow was to the second social revolution as the _____ was to the third social revolution. A. domestication of plants D. domestication of animals C. invention of microchip D. invention of the steam engine

answer

D. invention of the steam engine

question

Stigma, characteristics that discredit people, include violations of norms of ability and violation of norms of appearance True or false

answer

True

question

The relativity of deviance is most aligned with which sociological perspective? A. structural functionalism B. Symbolic interactionism C. The conflict perspective D. the neo-conflict perspective

answer

B. symbolic interactionism

question

Susie is a first year college student. ALthough she wants to be popular, she has refusedinvitations to attend underage drinking parties. She fears the shame and disappointment it may create for her parents if she happened to be arrested. Such a situation deostrates a quality of control theory called ______. A. pushes B. inner contorl C. formal control D. pulls

answer

B, inner control

question

Erving Goffman used the term _____ to refer to characteristics that discredit people. A. master status B. role C. stigma D. Sanction

answer

C. stigma

question

In any society, what is the primary role of norms? A. they codify and attach legal definition to expected behavior B. They make social life possible by making behavior predictable C. they establish a ranking for what is desirable or undesirable, right or wrong D. they make communication possible by attaching consistent meanings to actions

answer

B. they make social life possible by making behavior predictable

question

What percent of the entire nation's income goes to the richest fifth of Americans A. 50 percent B. 30 percent C. 40 percent D. 35 percent

answer

A. 50 percent

question

Why did Joan of Arc, Adolf Hitler, and Jesus Christ all have in common? A. they were all ultimately successful in their ambitions B. they were elected to the positions they held C. they were all driven to success by political ambition. D. they were all charismatic leaders

answer

D. they were all charismatic leaders

question

What is the key factor in a representative democracy? A. Property ownership B. race of the resident C. the citizenship of the resident. D. gender of the citizen

answer

C. the citizenship of the resident

question

What term does William Domhoff use to refer to the top one percent of Americans who belong to the super rich and capitalist class? A. the upper class leders B. the political supreme C. the ruling class D. the power elite

answer

C. the ruling class

question

IN the globalization of capitalism, the dominant European nation is ____. A. Italy B. Great Britain C. Germany D. France

answer

C. Germany

question

Karl Marx would argue that workers experience ___ when they mistakenly identify with the capitalists> A. class improvisation B. social solidarity C. Social bond D. false class consciousness

answer

D. Flase class consciousness

question

A form of caste system that, until recently, was legal in South Africa was called> A. Slavery B. Planned zoning C. Apartheid D.miscegenation

answer

C. apartheid

question

A system of beliefs that justifies a particular arrangement such as slavery is called ______. A. a constitution B. class consciousness C. a theory d. An ideology

answer

D. An idealogy

question

Sally is employed as a computer programmer for the Ellis corporation. She has savings account of $15,000 and owns a few shares of Ellis stock. She thinks of herself as an investor rather than a worker. Marx would maintain that Sally has experienced ____. A. false class consciousness B. misplaced commitment C. a management ideology D. the Hawthorne effect

answer

A. False class ocnsciousness

question

The key to maintaining social stratification is for the privileged class to control ideas and information rather than depending on the use of force. True or false

answer

True

question

The control of the least industrialized nations by the industrialized nations through debts owed to them is referred to as ___. A. imperialism B. neocolonialism C. modernization D. capitalism

answer

B. neocolonialism

question

In a caste system, one can expect the practice of endogamy to be strictly enforced True or false

answer

True

question

A major characteristic of the class system that allows movement up and down the class ladder is ___/ A. compurgation B. primogeniture C. social mobility D. class consciousness

answer

C. Social mobility

question

The major means of control used by the neocolonialists to maintain global stratification is through_____. A. coercion by using military occupation B. Bribing the country's government officials C. debt, with ever mounting interest D. controlling the country's mass media

answer

C. debt, with ever mounting interest

question

Of the following methods, which would be the best way preserve a stratification system? A. demonstrating violation of law through public punishment B. Establishing a well trained and highly armed police force C. controlling ideas, information, technology and social networks through ideology D. brute force coercion to keep dissidents in their place

answer

C. controlling ideas, information, technology, and social networks through ideology

question

The higher a person;s position on the social class ladder, the more likely they will become a victim of crime. true or false

answer

False

question

People who rank close to one another in wealth, power , and prestige constitute what Max Weber called a ______. A. social category B. social class C. social aggregate D. Social group

answer

B. Social class

question

The most like;y segment of the population in the United states to experience poverty today are ______. A. Children B. the elderly C. middle-aged adults D. Young, single males

answer

A. Children

question

Many social analysts are concerned about the increase in child poverty and argue that it is time to focus _______. A. more on changing individuals motivations B. ON the structural factors underlying poverty C. on welfare reform D. more on the life orientations of the poor

answer

B. on the structural factors underlying poverty

question

Most of the U.S. presidents have come from a class of Americans who qualify as being members of the "power Elite" True or false

answer

True

question

Status inconsistency refers to the situation in which: A. individuals exhibit insecurity and inferiority when they are ranked low in social status B. individuals fail o recognize the contradictions of class inequality and democratic values C. individuals are ranked high on one dimension of social class while low on other dimensions D. married couples of different class background experience incompatibility

answer

C, Individuals are ranked high on one dimension of social class while low on other dimension

question

Numerically, the majority of the poor in the United States are _____. A. White B. African American C. Latino D. Native American

answer

C, Latino

question

Roger and executive in a large corporation, was charged with embezzling $50,000 from his corporation, Skippy committed a strong arm robbery of a local convenience store netting about $125. Which of the following conclusions is most likely regarding these two infractions? A. Both Roger and Skippy will probably do time in state prison B. Roger will be tried in federal court for embezzlement and Skippy will be tried in state court C. Roger will probably do time because of the amount he embezzled and Skippy will get probation D. Roger will be tried by an administrative action by his corporation an skippy will be tried in criminal court

answer

D, Roger will be tried by an administrative action by coproation and Skippy will be tried in criminal court

question

As one's social class decreases, their chances of being a victim of crime _____. A, is unaffected B. decrease C. increases D. becomes certain

answer

C. increases

question

John worked at a steel mill for 25 years, A recessionary economy and competition with foreign steelmakers forced the closing of the mill. At the age of 45, John s unable to find work in his town, lives in poverty and must go on welfare, The cause of John's poverty are ____. A. due to his unwillingness to work B. he is not intelligent enough to get a better job c. Changes in the social structure D. changes in John's values system

answer

C. changes in the social structure

question

tracking is a form of gate keeping in which students are sorted by their perceived abilities rather than their achieved skills. True or false

answer

true

question

The most significant predictor of whether a student will attend college is his/her ______. A. test scores B. motivation C. family background D. personality

answer

C. family background

question

Distance learning refers to course s taught to students who are NOT _____. A. Allowed in traditional classrooms B. able to hear C. Able t function at normal levels D. physically present with th instructor

answer

D. physically present with the instructor

question

In research by Rosenthal and Jacobson certain students identified as "spurters" excelled through the school year. How did Rosenthal and Jacobson select the "spurters"? A. They were the students who did the best academeic work in their previous grade B. they were chosen after taken a routine IQ test Spurters were from the families of the highest socio- economic class D. spurters were students from two-parent families of the dominant class.

answer

B. They were chosen after taking a routine IQ test

question

You are taking an IQ test which will be used to determine your intelligence level. The first question asks you to identify all of the equipment you will need to play the game shoeball. The second question asks the rules of the game. Finally, the third question asks you to explain how shoeball is scored and the number of points you need to win the game, This IQ test demonstrates that this IQ test_____. A, Accurately measures your intelligence B. measures intelligence about games in the United states C. only measures fluid intelligence D. has a cultural bias in measuring intellignecce

answer

D, has a cultural bias in measuring intelligence

question

Institutional, rather than individual discrimination is the reason that minority group members are less likely to be given a mortgage. True or false

answer

True

question

The single factor that currently distinguishes most Latinos from other U.S. ethnic groups is ____. A. the Spanish language B. the color of their skin C. their occupational preference D. their name recognition

answer

A. the Spanish language

question

Which of the following organizations conducted the experiment to track syphilis among African American men in the 1930s? A> Tuskegee University B. Howard University C. the NAACP D. the national center for disease control

answer

A. tuskegee University

question

The relocation of Native AMericans to reservations and the trnsfer of American Japanese descent to internment camps during WWII was an example of ______. A, direct transfer B. compartmentalization C. internal colonization D. segregation

answer

A. Direct transfer

question

Because race is basically an arbitrary distinction, biologists and anthropologists have not been able to agree on a classification system to universally distinguish one race from another. true or false

answer

true

question

The majority of students graduating with a degree in library science are women. Research has shown that this sex-typing of majors is primarily due to ______. A. gender discrimination in education B. women being more empathetic C. Gener socialization D, the prestige of nursing

answer

C. gender socialization

question

research show that men will earn more money than equally qualified women, true or false

answer

True

question

The fact that 80 percent of engineering degrees are awarded to men while nearly 90 percent of library science degrees are awarded to women illustrates the phenomenon of ________. A. feminization of the workplace B. gender tracking C. affirmative action D. Political correctness

answer

B. gender tracking

question

Because of the feminist movement and changes in corporate law, women have been able to gain a representative share of CEO Positions in America's fortune 5000 Corporations true or false

answer

false

question

Because gender is especially significant and cuts across all aspects of social life, sociologically it qualifies as being a ______ Status. A. natural B, biological C. physiological D. master

answer

D, master

question

Frederick Engels proposed that patriarchy developed in conjunction with ____. A, the development of private property B. matriarchy C. Partilineal Descent D. palimony

answer

A, the development of private property

question

Sociologists clasify females as a minority group because: A, they are out numbered by men in virtually every society B. they are not as physically strong as men, C, men perform the most difficult and dangerous work in most societies D. they are discriminated against because of their physical characteristics

answer

D. they are discriminated against because of their ohysical characterists

question

Central to the understanding of sexual harassment is understanding_________ . A. the instrumental nature of men B. the biological differences of the sexes C. the needs of women D. the abuse of power

answer

D. the abuse of power

question

Which of the following statements best describe how most sociologists believe that gender differences in behavior between men and women develop? A. gender differences are based on social factors B. gender differences are based on genetic dispositions C. Gender differences are the result of biological differences D. Gender differences are based on physiological differences

answer

A. gender differences are based on social factors

question

While the notion of sex refers to biological characteristics, the concept of gender refers to ______ characteristics. A. Psychological B. physical C. philosophical D. social

answer

D. social

question

Some scientists believe that ____ may cause polar ice caps to melt resulting in the climate boundaries to move about 400 miles north and make animal and plant species extinct. A, acid rain B. Global warming C. the depletion of the ozone layer D. a new energy shortage

answer

B. global warming

question

Cultural lag was a term coined by William Ogburn to refer to a situation in which some pats of culture adapt to an invention or discovery more rapidly than other parts True or false

answer

True

question

As the proportion of the elderly have increased in the United States their needs have stimulated the development of medical technologies to treat Alzheimers disease, This example illustrates how _____. A, Technology can transform existing technologies B. technologies lead to social change C. Social Change inhibits technological development D. Social change results in the development of technology

answer

D. social change results in the deevlopment of technology

question

An invention is the combining of existing elements and materials to form new ones. True or false

answer

True

question

Which statement is most accurate regarding the effect the rapid disappearance of the rain forest will have on global condition? A. it will not affect industrialized nations significantly B. the media is exaggerating the effects of this problem C. ten thousand plant and animal species are lost annually D. this has been halted with the passage of new laws

answer

C. ten thousand plants and animal species are lost annaually

question

Renee lives in a country that has a high birth rate and a high death rate. Her country could be in the _____ stage of demographic transition. A. third B. first C. second D, fourth

answer

B. first

question

The mode of urban growth that views the city as a series of somewhat circular zones occurring out and from its center is called the ______ model. A, sector B. Multiple- nuclei C, urban village D. concentric zone

answer

D. concentric zone

question

The demographics transition Theory states that the food supply increase geometrically while population grows arithmetically True or false

answer

False

question

A place where people find an identity, where they have a key sense that they belong and that others care what happens to them is called a ______. A. vi;;age B.society C. community D, neighborhood

answer

C. Community

question

the key factor in the origin of cities was the _____. A, Development of more efficient agriculture B, establishment of organized religion C, rise of government dedicated to the needs of the people D. origin of large scale warfare that required greater defense of the population

answer

A. development of more efficient agriculture

Soc 111 Final – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards