Soc 100 ch 8 – Flashcards

Which of the following statements offers an essentialist explanation for gender differences?

We often think that the role of women in Western societies prior to the 1960s was pretty much the same thing - a matter of doing what women were expected to do. During World War II, however, the role of women silently upended conventional ideas about gender roles. Women worked as bomb makers, in factories, and were later revealed as having been a key part of the code breaking effort that won the war. These examples lend insight into how we create our identities through interactions and not through fixed definitions. As such, they reflect ideas posited by

In 2014, the top 10 models in the fashion industry all had earnings well over $1 million, with a few - Kate Moss and Heidi Klum - earning over $10 million. In her interview with Dalton Conley, Ashley Mears points out that top male fashion models quickly hit a limit as to how far they can go in modeling work, while a small number of women can continue on to be top, obviously well paid, models. According to Mears, this particular career is an example of what in reverse?

What does the example of the nadle in Navajo tribes teach us about gender?

Feminists argue that gender matters because ________

In 2011, a Toronto police officer, during a crime prevention talk, said "women should avoid dressing like sluts in order not to be victimized." The remark prompted formation of a protest movement dubbed SlutWalk, whose stated objective was to stop oppression by slut-shaming and "of being judged by our sexuality and feeling unsafe." While controversial in many respects, the effort sparked a larger debate on rape culture, socially acceptable dress and appearance, and the idea of slut shaming. The idea that women are supposed to dress within a particular set of largely unspoken social boundaries, and thereby avoid being called sluts, speaks to the

The American Psychological Association's classification of homosexuality as a deviant personality type, which was only changed in 1973, as well as the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in 2003 decriminalizing homosexual sex both reflect Michel Foucault's assertion that

The model family in the 1950s in America was a happy, simple one. Mom stayed home and raised the kids. Dad went to work and made a good living. Even the dog was happy. In this Father Knows Best model, we can clearly see the structure of

Nursing is a profession that has seen a significant increase in the number of men as nurses. Since 1970, the U.S. Census Bureau reports that there has been about an eight percent jump in the number of male nurses. The pay disparity also exists, with male nurses being paid about 20 percent more than their female counterpart. This change in gender balance in this profession seems counter to the idea that

Prior to the 1800s, it was believed that both male and female orgasms were required to ensure successful conception. When the female could not achieve orgasm, a midwife was sometimes called to assist the woman in achieving orgasm by use of genital massage with essential oils. The idea that both male and female orgasm was needed challenges our current model of a

Marissa Mayer was appointed the chief executive officer (CEO) of Yahoo Corporation in July 2012. While not the highest paid CEO in the United States, her position suggests that more women are

At a party, you listen in on a conversation about sex. One person states that he has had sex in some pretty far-out places. He is referring to

Which of the following statements is most closely associated with a conflict theory approach to gender studies?

When a child is born, doctors make a decision about what sex they are. Usually, this is very straightforward. When a doctor is faced with a decision based on the size and configuration of the genitalia, such decisions usually require a number. As noted in the text, a phallus less than 2 centimeters in length is considered a micropenis, and the doctor may recommend that the infant be raised as a girl. While this decision may or may not be a good choice, a sociologist might view the doctor's rationale as resulting from

We often see sex and gender as immutable - sex is a biological fact that in turn determines the gender of an individual. As the examples of Deirdre McCloskey and David Reimer demonstrate, however, neither sex nor gender are as straightforward as many people would like to believe. A lot of how we understand sex and gender is found in how we understand the differences between

The gender pay gap generates considerable discussion. As defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), this gap is the "difference between male and female earnings expressed as a percentage of male earnings." Critics of the pay gap note that women do not work as many hours as men, that children necessitate women as primary caregivers (as the sole persons able to bear children), and that the entire problem "can be explained away by simply taking account of college majors." All of this debate underscores what basic idea?

Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique championed women's right to work in the early 1960s. For many black feminists, Freidan's book ignored thousands of working women and instead suggested that

Same-sex marriage has been widely accepted in many states, and the numbers of persons marrying those of the same sex has skyrocketed and become easily visible. In Brazil, we see that the travesti take on distinctly female characteristics, declare themselves as men, and yet have penetrative sex with men who have an exclusively male appearance. How do these two different examples help describe the difference between homosexuality and homosexual behavior?

Which of the following jobs could be described as a "pink-collar" job in the United States?