question

Which of the following conditions is more common in women than in men?

answer

cystitis

question

Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?

answer

gallbladder

question

Functions of the liver include:

answer

production of substances necessary for blood clotting.

question

You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a young male with abdominal pain. Your priority upon arriving at the scene should be to:

answer

assess the scene for potential hazards.

question

Peritonitis may result in shock because:

answer

fluid shifts from the bloodstream into body tissues.

question

In the presence of ileus, the only way the stomach can empty itself is by:

answer

vomiting.

question

Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are MOST indicative of:

answer

appendicitis.

question

Elderly patients with abdominal problems may not exhibit the same pain response as younger patients because of:

answer

age-related deterioration of their sensory systems.

question

A 35-year-old mildly obese woman is complaining of localized pain in the right upper quadrant with referred pain to the right shoulder. The MOST likely cause of her pain is:

answer

acute cholecystitis

question

Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?

answer

Patients who miss a dialysis treatment often present with weakness.

question

Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who

answer

drink a lot of alcohol.

question

Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?

answer

The initial pain associated with an acute abdomen tends to be vague and poorly localized.

question

In contrast to the parietal peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum:

answer

is supplied by nerves of the autonomic nervous system, which are less able to localize pain or sensation.

question

The MOST common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is:

answer

peritonitis.

question

Injury to a hollow abdominal organ would MOST likely result in:

answer

leakage of contents into the abdominal cavity.

question

The parietal peritoneum lines the:

answer

walls of the abdominal cavity.

question

An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:

answer

provide emotional support en route to the hospital.

question

Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, and produces antibodies?

answer

spleen

question

You respond to the residence of a 70-year-old male who complains of weakness and severe shortness of breath. His wife tells you that he is a dialysis patient, but has missed his last two treatments. After applying high-flow oxygen, you auscultate his lungs and hear diffuse rhonchi. The patient is conscious, but appears confused. His blood pressure is 98/54 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. You should:

answer

leave him in a sitting position, keep him warm, and prepare for immediate transport.

question

Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in:

answer

an ulcer.

question

The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:

answer

removing sodium, and thus water, from the body.

question

A 59-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should:

answer

administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport.

question

Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:

answer

lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen.

question

Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured?

answer

liver

question

Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything to eat or drink because:

answer

substances in the stomach increase the risk of aspiration.

question

A strangulated hernia is one that:

answer

loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues.

question

Which of the following statements regarding gastrointestinal bleeding is correct?

answer

Bleeding within the gastrointestinal tract is a symptom of another disease, not a disease itself.

question

A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your MOST immediate action should be to:

answer

protect her airway from aspiration.

question

Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:

answer

referred pain.

question

Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?

answer

burning or pain in the stomach that subsides immediately after eating

question

Remember that the patient is in pain and is probably anxious; he or she requires all your skills of rapid assessment and:

answer

emotional support

question

Diverticulitis occurs in which quadrant?

answer

left lower quadrant

question

An aortic aneurysm will occur in which area of the body?

answer

lower back and lower quadrants

question

When forming a general impression of the patient during the initial assessment, which important "scale" information should be included?

answer

rule of nines scale

question

Use OPQRST to ask the patient what makes the pain better or worse. The "S" stands for:

answer

the severity of pain.

question

During the baseline vital sign check, the last vital sign to change is:

answer

blood pressure

question

Remember, the condition of a patient with an acute abdomen can change:

answer

rapidly from stable to unstable.

question

During the focused physical exam, the first step listed to assess the abdomen is:

answer

explain to the patient what you are about to do.

question

Where will you find localization of pain for a patient with a kidney stone?

answer

radiating to the genitalia

question

A bladder infection called cystitis is more common than kidney infection, especially in women. Patients with cystitis usually have:

answer

lower abdominal pain

question

When the waste product that is normally excreted into the urine remains in the blood, this can lead to which of the following conditions?

answer

uremia

question

The type of pain where the patient experiences tenderness when direct pressure is applied but severe pain when that pressure is released is called:

answer

rebound tenderness

question

In which condition does the junction between the esophagus and the stomach tear, causing severe bleeding and potentially death?

answer

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

question

acute abdomen

answer

condition of sudden onset of pain within the abdomen, usually indicating peritonitis; immediate medical or surgical treatment is necessary

question

appendicitis

answer

inflammation of the appendix

question

cholecystitis

answer

inflammation of the gallbladder

question

cystitis

answer

inflammation of the bladder

question

diverticulitis

answer

inflammation in small pockets at weak areas in the muscle walls

Shaps EMT ch 14 – Flashcards

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