Scientific Investigations Terms
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Accuracy
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How well the results of an experiment agree with the accepted value
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Analysis
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This is a process of interpreting experimental results.
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Bar Graph
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This is a graphical means of quantitative comparison by rectangles with lengths proportional to the measure of the data or things compared
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Beaker
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This is a container used for mixing or heating of chemical solution
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Conclusion
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This is an answer deduced from the analysis of data
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Data Set
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This is a compilation of information, usually quantitative, that represents measures of a variable or set of variables.
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Dependent Variable
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In an experiment, the condition that results from changes in the independent variable.
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Equipment Error
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This is an error due to some type of equipment malfunction. Often the calibration of the instrument has not been carried out or is faulty.
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Evidence
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This is data from an experiment, which is used to verify or reject the original hypothesis in the conclusion.
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Experiment
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Scientific procedure followed to obtain results for analysis. This is also a means to test a hypothesis.
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Experimental Variable
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This is the condition which is changed within experiment
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Flask
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This is a container used for storage of chemical solutions.
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Graduated Cylinder
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This is a container used for measurement of the volume of a liquid.
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Graph
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This is the image obtained by plotting all the points of an equation or inequality. A visual representation of scientific data.
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Hypothesis
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This is a testable prediction of the outcome of scientific processes based on analysis
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Independent Variable
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This is the manipulated variable in an experiment or study whose presence or degree determines the change in the dependent variable. When graphed this is graphed usually on the horizontal axis.
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Inquiry
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This is the act of trying to find the answer to an unknown question by the use of experimentation and research.
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Investigation
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This is the process of researching or studying a concept. Examination, inquiry
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Lab Apron
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This is what is worn during scientific investigations to protect the clothes and body.
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Lab Safety
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This is the act of being responsible while working on a scientific investigation; following directions, wearing apron and goggles, knowing the location of emergency equipment, etc.
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Legend
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This is used to identify range, data series, and variables within a graph
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Line Graph
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A graph that is represented by points connected by segments
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Material Safety Data Sheet
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This is an official lab safety form that tells the important properties of chemical substances, such as reactivity, health risk, and flammability
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Meniscus
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This is the bottom of the curve of a fluid formed due to adhesion
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Microscope
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Equipment used to magnify and observe small objects
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Observation
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This is a process of watching an experiment and noting what occurs
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Pie Chart
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This is the preferred method of representing percentage data
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Precision
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This is the ability of a measurement to be reproduced consistantly
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Procedures
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This is the process of steps taken in completing a task, such as a lab investigation.
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Qualitative Data
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This is information from an experiment, such as observations or behaviors, that cannot be recorded with a numerical value
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Quantitative Data
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This is information from an experiment that can be assigned a number or a quantity and can often be used to construct a graph.
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Research
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This is what people do when they are searching for information. People often look in more than one location.
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Research Question
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This is the start of scientific research. It usually starts with: How, What, When, Who, Which, Why, or Where
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Ruler
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This is a straight measuring device, marked at intervals, used to measure distances
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Safety Goggles
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These are what is worn in the lab to protect the eyes
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Scientific Law
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A phenomenon of nature that has been proven to invariably occur whenever certain conditions exist.
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Scientific Method
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A process used to gather evidence and lead to understanding
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Test Tube
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This is a small container used for observation of chemical reactions.
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Theory
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This is a scientific conclusion based on much supporting evidence
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Thermometer
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Equipment used to measure the temperature of an object
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Toxin
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This is a poisonous substance that is produced by living cells or organisms and is capable of causing disease when introduced into living tissues.
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Validity
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This is the degree at which a test measures what it is intended to measure.
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X Axis
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In a line graph comparing two variables, the independent variable is plotted along this axis
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Y Axis
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In a line graph comparing two variables, the dependent variable is plotted along this axis
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Bias
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Personal and unscientific judgment that may alter the results of an experiment
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Control
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an experiment, the standard in which all of the conditions are kept the same
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Data
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Information obtained from experiments, sometimes called experimental results
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Safety Symbol
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Symbol that warns you about a danger that may exist from chemicals, electricity, heat, or experimental procedures
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Sample
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Part of a population that is studied to inform about the inform
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Scientific Experiment
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Procedure that tests a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions
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Variable
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A condition of an experiment that is either changed or held constant