Quiz 3 – Sociology – Flashcards
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Culture shock is
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the feeling of surprise that is experienced when people witness cultural practices different from their own.
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A retirement party, a high-school graduation party, and a confirmation party are all examples of
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rites of passage
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A child spends a lot of time putting objects into his mouth and touching everything in sight. This child is probably in which stage of development, according to Jean Piaget?
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sensorimotor
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Culture lag is
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period of maladjustment during which the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to
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A U.S. sociologist receives a grant to study racial and religious prejudice among the people of Southeast Asia. The sociologist makes a serious and unbiased effort to evaluate the norms, values, and customs of these groups in light of the distinctive cultures of which they are a part. This is an example of
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cultural relativism
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An abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture is called
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language
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A subculture is
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a segment of society that shares a distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and values that differs from the larger group.
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An example of a positive, formal sanction is a
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demotion
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As primary agents of childhood socialization, schools play a critical role in teaching children the values and customs of the larger society. This view of the socialization process is most likely of particular interest to which sociological perspective?
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functionalist perspective
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A Girl Scout works hard on a difficult project, and when she has completed her work, she is given a badge that she can wear on her uniform. This is an example of
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sanction
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"Attacks on bilingualism represent an ethnocentric point of view." This statement would best reflect the views of which sociological perspective?
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conflict perspective
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A hypothesis concerning the role of languages in shaping cultures was created by linguist(s)
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edward sapir
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Anticipatory socialization refers to
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processes of socialization in which a person "rehearses" for future positions, occupations, and social relationships.
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A member of a new fundamentalist church believes that she has found the one true way to achieve salvation and members of other religions are pagans and will go directly to hell when they die. This individual is
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ethnocentric.
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According to Charles Horton Cooley's concept of the looking-glass self, development of one's self-identity based on misperceptions may lead to
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negative self identity
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A woman who was socialized from infancy to become a wife and mother settles comfortably into being a homemaker in her twenties and early thirties. However, her husband dies suddenly, and she finds that she must enter the paid labor force in order to support herself and her two children. This woman will most likely have to undergo a process of
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resocialization
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According to George Herbert Mead, during which stage of development does a child respond to numerous members of the social environment and grasp his or her distinctive social position?
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game stage
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A law is
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governmental social control.
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According to Robin Williams, which of the following is not one of the basic American values?
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frugality
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A child grows up in a dysfunctional family, where he observes abuse, constant fighting, character assassination, and humiliation. This represents an informal process of
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anticipatory socialization
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A teacher plans a trip to the theater for a junior high school class. As part of the preparation, the teacher tells students how they should dress and how they will be expected to act inside the theater. This is an example of
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socialization
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A basketball arena, an airliner, a slice of pizza, and a television set would all be considered examples of
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material culture
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A dominant ideology is a
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set of cultural beliefs that help to maintain powerful social, economic, and political interests
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An argot is a specialized language used by members of a subculture. Doctors and nurses, for example, have developed a language system that is not easily understood by patients, but enables medical professionals to communicate more easily, rapidly, and precisely with one another. Which sociological perspective is likely to emphasize the value of this specialized medical language?
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functionalist perspective
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According to Jean Piaget's cognitive theory of development, the stage in which children begin to use words and symbols to distinguish objects and ideas is called the
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preoperational stage
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According to George Herbert Mead's stages of the self, the preparatory stage occurs
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when children imitate the people around them, particularly family members.
