quiz 2 path health – Flashcards
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Cigarette smoking predisposes to malignant neoplasms because smoking
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causes metaplasia and dysplasia in the epithelium
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Common early signs of aplastic anemia include:
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excessive bleeding and recurrent infections
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Cor pulmonale may develop with chronic pulmonary disease because:
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demands on the left ventricle are excessive
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Predisposing factors to thrombus formation in the circulation include: 1. decreased viscosity of the blood 2. damaged blood vessel walls 3. immobility 4. prosthetic valves
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2, 3, 4
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The early signs or symptoms of myocardial infarction frequently include:
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persistent chest pain radiating to the left arm, pallor, and rapid, weak pulse
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When comparing angina with myocardial infarction (MI), which statement is true?
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angina pain is relieved by rest and intake of nitroglycerin, MI is Not
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Manifestations of hemolytic jaundice include:
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increased unconjugated bilirubin in the blood
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Excessive bleeding is common with acute leukemia because of:
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decreased platelets
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Lung expansion in the elderly may be reduced because of decreased: 1. tissue elasticity 2. rib mobility 3. control by the respiratory center 4. skeletal muscle strength
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1, 2, 4
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When a gallstone obstructs the cystic duct, the major effect is:
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severe colicky pain
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The defect, esophageal atresia, results in:
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aspiration of saliva and food into the trachea
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A major factor leading to increased occurrence of cancer in the elderly is:
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cumulative exposure to carcinogens
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The changes resulting from total heart block include:
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spontaneous slow ventricular contractions, not coordinated with atrial contraction
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The typical changes occurring with Crohn's disease include:
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inflamed areas of the wall of the ileum alternating with thick fibrotic or normal areas
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Which statement does NOT apply to emphysema?
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the ventilation/perfusion ratio remains constant
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Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma differs from Hodgkin's lymphoma in that non- Hodgkin's lymphoma usually presents as:
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multiple, scattered, enlarged and painless lymph nodes
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Hypercapnia would cause
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respiratory acidosis
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The term arteriosclerosis is used specifically to refer to:
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degeneration with loss of elasticity and obstruction in small arteries
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Which of the following are present with pernicious anemia?
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hypochlorhydria
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The basis for acute attacks of extrinsic asthma is:
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type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
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The pathophysiology of chronic gastritis includes:
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atrophy of the gastric mucosa with decreased secretions
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Ventricular fibrillation will result in cardiac arrest because:
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insufficient blood is supplied to the myocardium
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Untreated pernicious anemia causes numbness and tingling in the fingers, primarily due to:
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Vitamin B12 deficit causing peripheral nerve demyelination
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Petechiae and purpura are common signs of:
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increased bleeding tendencies
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Early signs of cancer in the ascending colon include:
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occult blood in the stool
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Predisposing factors to osteoporosis in older women include all of the following except: A. decreased estrogen secretion B. genetic factors C. sedentary lifestyle D. decreased parathyroid hormone
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decreased parathyroid hormone
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A primary factor causing encephalopathy with cirrhosis is the elevated:
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serum ammonia
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A diagnosis of essential hypertension is considered when:
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blood pressure remains consistently above 140/90
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The dietary requirement for a child with celiac disease is:
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gluten-free
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Which of the following is most likely to cause left-sided congestive heart failure? A. incompetent tricuspid heart valve B. chronic pulmonary disease C. infarction in the right atrium D. uncontrolled essential hypertension
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uncontrolled essential hypertension
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Typical early general signs/symptoms of anemia are:
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pallor, dyspnea, and fatigue
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Calcium-channel blocking drugs are effective in:
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reducing cardiac and smooth muscle contractions
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A large-sized pulmonary embolus is likely to cause:
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hypotension and right-sided heart failure
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Chronic blood loss causes anemia because of the:
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smaller amount of recycled iron available
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Acute pancreatitis causes massive inflammation and necrosis because of:
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activation and spread of proteolytic enzymes
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Which of the following effects may be expected from a 'beta-blocking' drug?
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blockage of an angiotensin receptor site
