Psychology: The Study of Behavior and Mental Processes – Flashcards
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Clinical Psychologists
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A psychologist who diagnoses and treats people with emotional disturbances
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Developmental Psychologists
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A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
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Experimental Psychologists
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the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
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Counseling Psychologists
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A psychologist who usually helps people deal with problems of living
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Personality Psychologists
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the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting
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Consumer Psychologists
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Study why people buy certain products and not others
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School Psychologists
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help and support students and their ability to learn
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Social Psychologists
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Study how the presence of others can effect one individuals behavioral thoughts
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Forensic Psychologists
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* focuses on the relationship between the laws and psychology * applies psychological concepts to legal issues
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Educational Psychologists
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the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
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Psychology
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the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
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Behavior
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observable and measurable actions of people and animals
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Introspection
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an examination of one's own thoughts and feelings
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Behaviorism
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the school of psychology, founded by John Watson, that defines psychology as the scientific study of observable behavior
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Structuralism
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the school of psychology, founded by Wilhelm Wundt, that maintains the conscious experience breaks down into objective sensations and subjective feelings
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Reinforcement
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a stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the frequency of that response
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Functionalism
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the school of psychology, founded by William James, that emphasizes the purposes of behavior and mental processes
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Psychoanalysis
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the school of psychology, founded by Sigmund Freud, that emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives, and conflicts as determinants of human behavior
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Cognitive Activity
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private, unobservable mental processes such as sensation, perception, thought, and problem solving
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Survey
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a research technique for acquiring data about the attitudes or behaviors of a group of people, usually by asking questions of a representative, random sample
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Biological Perspective
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the psychological perspective that emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior
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Psychoanalytic Perspective
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the perspective that stresses the influence of unconscious forces on human behavior
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Evolutionary Perspective
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the theory focusing on the evolution of behavior and mental processes
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Learning Perspective
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the psychological point of view that emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior
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Cognitive Perspective
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the viewpoint that emphasizes the role of thought processes in determining behavior
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Socio-cultural Perspective
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in psychology, the perspective that focuses on the roles of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status in personality formation, behavior, and mental processes
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Humanistic Perspective
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the psychological view that assumes the existence of the self and emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and the freedom to make choices
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Theory
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a set of assumptions about why something is the way it is and happens the way it does
