Psychology of Drug Use and Effects Exam #4 – Flashcards
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Paraprofessionals
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People working in direct patient care and not possessing a formal degree
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TV and Radio
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The most frequently used vehicles for mass media prevention efforts
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The Amethyst Initiative
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Argues that lowering the legal drinking age from 21 to 18 years of age would reduce binge drinking on college campuses
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A. SOS B. SMART C. RR D. All of these Answer is D. All of these
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Differs from AA in that there is no emphasis on spirituality or a higher power
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Antipsychotic drugs
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Account for a small fraction of psychotherapeutic prescriptions
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Detoxification
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Involved the medical management of alcohol withdrawal symptoms
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Motivational enhancement
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A non-medical treatment for alcohol use disorders in which verbal psychotherapy is used to encourage the individual to move forward in the stages of changes alcohol-use patterns
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Acamprosate
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A pharmacotherapy for alcoholism that affects the NMDA receptor and the metabotrophic glutamate receptors
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Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
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A self-help group for alcohol abusers that was founded by Dr. Bob and Bill W.
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SMART
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A self-help group that is purported to be based on methods that are scientifically validated and is led by a coordinator who has maintained a period of sobriety or has never had an alcoholic problem
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social detoxification
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An approach in which a persons withdrawal is monitored by professional staff in a treatment setting, but no drugs are administered
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St. John's Wart
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A herb that has been used extensively in Europe for mild to moderate depression
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sponsorship
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One of the last steps in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and involves a stable one-to-one relationship between a member with more sobriety and one with less
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Denial
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The greatest barrier to changing a substance abuse problem
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Maintenance
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The last stage of the stages of change model
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Lithium
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The only drug in psychiatry for which there is effective prophylaxis against disease reoccurrence
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harm reduction
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Policies focus on decreasing the negative consequences of Drug Use for the individual and the community
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tertiary prevention
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Includes treating persons who are beyond the early stages of substance abuse or dependence
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secondary prevention
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Used in the legal system response to substance misuse
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primary prevention
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Pertains to the avoidance of substance abuse before it has a chance to occur
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EAP
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These programs are examples of worksite prevention programs
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Affect-oriented
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These programs often involve values clarification and decision making
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Affect oriented
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These programs typically emphasize exploration of one's own needs and beliefs regarding drugs
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Spontaneous remission
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Refers to the resolution of a problem without the use of formal treatment
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electroshock therapy
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Was an early treatment for severe depression and is still used today
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Chlorpromazine
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Was synthesized in 1950 by Paul Charpentier, was initially used as an anesthesia in surgery, and was later widely used for its calming effects on agitated psychotic patients
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Primary
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A TV spot emphasizing the need to not let friends drive drunk would be an example of what type of prevention?
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Roofies
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A common name for flunitrazepam
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Gingko biloba
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A dietary supplement that has been touted to improve memory and cognitive function
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over-the-counter
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A drug that does not require a prescription to purchase
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Sedative
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A drug that induced sleep
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Anxiolytic
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A drug that reduces anxiety
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Harm reduction
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A needle exchange program would be an example of the ______________ approach to substance abuse
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Outpatient treatment
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About 60% of the drug abusers in treatment receive their treatment in ______________________.
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Catecholamine
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According to the ________________hypothesis, tricyclics antidepressants are believed to block the uptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft
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Moral
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According to the __________ model, treatment consists of spiritual or legal intervention
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Social learning
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According to the ____________ model, treatment includes arranging a person's environment so that nonabuse of psychoactive substances is reinforced.
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45%
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According to the national Comorbidity Survey Replication, what percentage of U.S. adults with one mental disorder also met criteria for at least one other disorder
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Dopaminergic
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According to the predominant theory regarding the action of antipsychotics, psychosis is induced by increasing levels of _________________ activity.
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Precontemplation
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According to the stages of change model, individuals in the ______________stage often have not acknowledged a problem
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Aspirin
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Acetylsalicylic avid is better known as what?
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Sociocultural
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Advertising and education approaches to the problem of driving after drinking follow the _________ model of prevention.
