question

Morphine and heroine duplicate the action of

answer

endorphine

question

when you watch dogs play in the park, or watch how your professors conduct their classes, you are engaging in a form of

answer

naturalistic observation

question

melatonin is a

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hormone

question

which perspective focuses on free will and self-acuzation

answer

humanism

question

a teacher tells the school psychologist that Kate is late to class, does not turn in her homework, squirms around a lot in her seat, and swings her feet constantly. This is an example of which goal of psychology

answer

describing behavior

question

Periods of REM sleep alternate with periods of non-REM sleep in a cycle that recurs about every _____ minutes or so

answer

90

question

Upon just walking up, you report a vivid visual event. What term do psychologists use for such phenomena

answer

hypnopompic image

question

which part of a neuron is attached to the soma and carries messages out to other cells

answer

axon

question

in a laboratory, smokers are asked to "drive" using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the drivers seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the dependent variable is _______.

answer

the use of a driving simulator

question

a person will often take a barbiturate as a ________.

answer

sleep aid

question

a biological cylce, or rhythm, that is approximately 24 hours long is called a(n) ______ cycle.

answer

circadian

question

who claimed that behavior is affected by reinforcement?

answer

B.F Skinnier

question

the question "What is happening?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology

answer

description

question

tracey has been unable to participate in her gymnastitics class and has become very uncoordinated since she was involved in an accident where she suffered a head injury. As a result of the accident, she was likely to have suffered damage to her _______.

answer

cerebellum

question

a detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a ______.

answer

case study

question

which of the following is the section of the brain located at the rear and bottom of each cerebral hemisphere and contains the visual centers of the brain?

answer

occipital lobe

question

CPAP stands for _____.

answer

Continuous positive airway pressure

question

drugs derived from opium are called______.

answer

narcotics

question

which neurotransmitter is associated with sleep, mood, and appetite?

answer

serotonin

question

which statement is correct concerning marijuana?

answer

Marijuana usage can lead to psychological dependence

question

a person who has suffered a major stroke is now experienceing sevre personality problems because of the damage would BEST be advised to see a _____.

answer

psychiatrist

question

messages from the brain to the muscles and glands in the body begin their journey in the _____.

answer

motor cortex

question

the peripheral nervous system consists of _____.

answer

all of the nerve cells that are not in the brain and spinal cord

question

an auto accident rendered Chris's nervous system unable to send messages for him to breathe, so he is on a respirator. Which brain structure was damaged in the accident.

answer

medulla

question

which of the following is a group of several brain structures located in the inner margin of the upper brain and is involved in learning, emotion, and memory, and motivation

answer

limbic system

question

Vido has a master's degree and is interested in working on the causes of poverty. What type of professional is Vido most likely to become

answer

psychiatric social worker

question

the thick band of neurons that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the_____.

answer

corpus callosum

question

Which of the following is common ethical guidelines suggested by the American Psychological Association?

answer

Participants must be allowed to make an informed desicion

question

Sara has been experiencing a serious memory problem. An interdisciplinary team has ruled out a range of causes and believes that a neurotransmitter is involved. Which neurotransmitter is most likely in this problem

answer

acetylcholine

question

you are telling a joke to your friend who is laughing uproariously and then suddenly collapses to the floor. You are not surprised to later learn that he has a sleep disorder known as ______.

answer

narocolepsy

question

the term neurotransmitter refers to _____.

answer

a chemical found in the synaptic vesicles that is released into the synapse

question

the need to take a drug in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms is called _____.

answer

physical dependence

question

critical thinking means making judgements based on _____.

answer

reason and logical evaluation

question

you are listening to a person who keeps telling you to relax, attempting to create a situation in which you are likely to follow suggestions. What treatment are you undergoing?

answer

hypnosis

question

a specialized cell that makes up the nervous system that receives and sends messages within that system is called a _____.

answer

neuron

question

the effect of alcohol is to enhance the effect of _____, which causes the general inhibition of the nervous system associated with getting drunk.

answer

GABA

question

you attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and self-actualization. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented

answer

humanism

question

psychologist who give potential employees tests that determine what kind of job those employees might best perform are interested i the goal of ______.

answer

prediction

question

the cerebellum ______.

answer

coordinates involuntary rapid fine- motor movement

question

double- blind studies control for ____.

answer

both the placebo effect and the experimenter effect

question

in the early part of the past century, psychologist who broke down though processes into their basic elements and analyzed them were called structuralists. What term might we use to describe psychologists with similar interests today?

answer

cognitive

question

a chemical found in the synaptic vesicles which, when released, has an effect on the next cell is called a _____.

answer

neurotransmitter

question

which of the following coordinates involuntary rapid fine- motor movement

answer

cerebellum

question

the social-cognitive theory of hypnosis suggest that____.

answer

people are merely playing a role

question

the work of Freud was built around _____.

answer

a theory of personality that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts

question

drugs that speed up the functioning of the nervous system are called

answer

stimulants

question

Jane is experiencing loss of equilibrium, decreased sensory and motor capabilities, and double vision. How many drinks is Jane likely to have had?

answer

8-10

question

ever since he suffered a brain injury by falling from a ladder, Zack's wife has continued to tell the doctor that his personality has changed. He used to be fun loving and carefree, but he is now more critical and yells at his children for seemingly little reason. Zack is likely to have suffered damage to the _____ of his cortex.

answer

frontal lobe

question

Ali is in the hospital about to undergo a brain-imaging process that involves taking many X-rays from different angles aided by the use of a computer. What type of imaging technique is being used

answer

computed tomography

question

pain - controlling chemicals in the body are called____.

answer

endorphins

question

a(n) _____ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

answer

correlation

question

the school os psychology called structuralism used a technique called _____ , which involved reporting the contents of consciousness to study a person's experiences

answer

introspection

question

unintended changes in participants' behavior due to cues inadvertently given by the experimenter are called____.

answer

experimenter effect

question

which of the following is classified as a depressant

answer

alcohol

question

a psychologist is interested in finding out why identical twins have different personalities. This psychologist is most interested in the goal of _____.

answer

explanation

question

voluntary muscles are controlled by the ____ nervous system.

answer

somatic

question

the deepest stage of sleep is ____ sleep

answer

stage 3 (N3)

question

REM sleep refers to _____

answer

sleep periods in which a person's eye moves rapidly

question

the two most important symptoms of substance dependence are:

answer

tolerance and withdrawal

question

Humanist Abraham Maslow suggests that when people reach self- accusation; they:

answer

develop to their fullest potential

question

the area of the frontal lobe that is devoted to the production of fluent speech is _____.

answer

Broca's

question

a perfect correlation, whether positive or negative, is _____ in the real world.

answer

rare

question

_____ receive messages from other neurons and _____ send messages to other neurons.

answer

dendrites; axons

question

which of these individuals has the highest risk of sleep apnea?

answer

John, 62 years old, who is overweight

question

as molly is walking across campus, a car swerves toward her. Her heart races and sweat breaks out as she jumps out of harm's way. This mobilization of energy is due to the action of Molly's ______.

answer

sympathetic nervous system

question

LSD is similar to which of the following drugs?

answer

PCP

question

the goals of psychology are to ___.

answer

describe, explain, predict, and control behavior

question

which of the following neurotransmitters are associated with alcohol.

answer

GABA

question

if you are awakened from sleep and you feel as though you had not even been asleep, then you were most likely in which stage of sleep?

answer

Stage 1 (N1)

question

REM behavior disorder results from ____.

answer

failure of the brain mechanisms to block brain signals to the muscles

question

which of the following lobes are involved in planning, memory, and personality?

answer

frontal lobes

question

The question "How can if be changed?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

answer

control

question

the question "when will it happen again?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology

answer

prediction

question

sally proposes the idea that one's sexual history prior to marriage may be linked to whether one ends up getting divorced. This best represents which step of the scientific method?

answer

forming a hypothesis

question

the fluid-filled space between the synaptic knob of one cell and the dendrites of the next cell is called the _____.

answer

synapse

question

Each of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association EXCEPT_____.

answer

participants cannot be deceived or have information concealed from them at any time during an experiment

question

a researcher stops people at the mall and asks them questions about their attitudes toward gun control. Which research technique is being used?

answer

survey

question

what term do psychologists use to designate our personal awareness of feelings, sensations, and thought?

answer

consciousness

question

sleep research supports three "helpful hints" to avoid insomnia. Which of the following statements is NOT a helpful hint?

answer

try to nap as much as possible

question

which endocrine gland controls all of the other endocrine glands?

answer

pituitary

question

The key to hypnotic induction seems to be related to ____.

answer

state of suggestion

question

what did sigmund freud consider as the key to understanding the nervous disorders he observed?

answer

the unconscious mind

question

____, a hormone involved in the regulation of circadian rthyms, is secreted by the pineal gland.

answer

Melatonin

question

the question "why is it happening?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

answer

explanation

question

which of the following can be an emotional symptom of sleep deprivation?

answer

depression

question

What is the primary difference between a hypnogogic and hypnopompic hallucination?

answer

hynogogic hallucinations occur just after we've fallen asleep, while hypnopompic hallucinations occur between REM sleep and waking up.

question

Dr. Wiseman wants to know about the alcohol consumption patterns among college juniors in the United States. He should ______.

answer

draw a representative sample among college juniors

question

if you have been waking up too early for several weeks, you are probably suffering from _____.

answer

insomnia

question

what do we call the state of a neuron when it is firing a neural impulse?

answer

resting potential

question

which of these is the most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology

answer

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Psychology Mid Term Chapters 1-4 – Flashcards

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