Psychology: Introduction to Psychology – Flashcards
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Which of the following is the most accurate definition of behavior?
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C. Behavior is an action that can be observed and measured.
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How many years of residency does a psychiatrist have to complete before being licensed to practice psychiatry?
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4
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Social science is a branch of science that deals with the nature of __________.
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human society
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The goals of psychology are the same as the goals of science, except that in psychology, the focus is on __________ and __________.
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C. behavior . . . cognitive processes
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According to Freud, slips of the tongue __________.
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C. represent a meaningful unconscious thought
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William James was one of the leading founders of which school of thought?
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B. functionalism
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Which school of thought focused on objective sensations, such as sight and taste, and subjective feelings, such as emotional responses, to study the conscious mind?
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B. structuralism
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Which philosopher believed that sense perceptions and observations are essential for knowledge?
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D. Aristotle
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The __________ perspective believes that certain behavior patterns have a hereditary basis.
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B. evolutionary
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The __________ perspective focuses on how people process, store, and use information.
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C. cognitive
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A team of psychologists is studying how negative feedback affects self-esteem in independent cultures, such as the United States, and interdependent cultures, such as Japan. These psychologists are most likely working from the __________ perspective.
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B. sociocultural
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A psychologist working from the cognitive perspective would most likely believe that anxiety is caused by __________.
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D. erroneous perceptions or thoughts
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Sociocultural psychologists study the influence of all of the following except __________.
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IS NOT A. ethnicity
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Researchers helped further the biological perspective when they demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the brain could evoke emotional responses in animals. This is an example of how __________ can influence perspectives.
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D. new discoveries
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Opposition to a certain perspective can __________.
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C. delay or stifle the emergence of the perspective
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All of the following were barriers to minority participation in early psychology except __________.
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A. school desegregation
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Which of the following statements is not true about minorities in psychology today?
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A. Minorities make up half of the population earning degrees in psychology
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In the 19th century, women were expected to conform to a certain role that entailed __________.
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C. getting married and having children
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Which of the following did the doll experiment not suggest?
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D. African Americans felt more secure and positive because of school segregation.
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A team of psychologists study personality development in the United States and generalize their research findings to describe personality development in China, Japan, and Korea. This is an example of __________ bias.
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C. cultural
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The psychologist best known for being the first female president of the American Psychological Association and for being denied a doctoral degree from Harvard because of her gender is __________.
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A. Mary Whiton Calkins
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Which of the following statements is not true about licensure in psychology?
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IS NOT B. A standardized test is administered by most state licensing boards.
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A __________ psychologist helps children with learning problems and works with teachers and parents to create healthy learning environments.
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C. school
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All of the following are possible occupations for a psychologist with a bachelor's degree except __________.
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C. clinical psychologist
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The requirements for a master's degree in psychology generally include __________.
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IS NOT B. three years of undergraduate work, a thesis on a subfield, and counseling experience
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Imagine you have a friend who is interested in math and techniques used to analyze research findings. What subfield of psychology best matches this person's interests?
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A. psychometric psychology
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Of the following statements, in which does rehabilitation psychology specialize?
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IS NOT C. helping patients overcome negative attitudes toward medical advice
