Psychology: Human Growth and Development Chapter 7 – Flashcards

Piaget believed that children from _______ years of age fall into the _________ stage. a) 5 to 7; preoperational b) 2 to 7; concrete operational c) 5 to 7; concrete operational d) 2 to 7; preoperational

Johnny is a 4-year-old who is having lunch with his mother and sister. When his mother pours the milk that is left in the carton into the children's glasses, she finds that there is not enough to fill both glasses, so she carefully pours half of the milk in the shorter, fatter glass in front of Johnny and half into a thin, taller glass in front of Johnny's sister. Immediately, Johnny complains that his sister got more milk than he did, and even when his mother tries to explain that they both got the same amount, Johnny insists he is right. In this example, Johnny is demonstrating a lack of development in the area of a) egocentrism. b) conservation. c) concrete operational thought. d) preoperational thought.

When a young child begins to learn how to take turns in conversation, stay on topic, and give appropriate responses such as "please" and "thank you," the child is demonstrating knowledge of a) egocentric speech. b) pragmatics. c) social speech. d) fast mapping.

When young children are using speech that is spoken and directed toward themselves, this is called a) egocentric speech. b) syntax. c) fast mapping. d) private speech.

According to Vygotsky, if one child receives assistance, he/she may improve substantially more than another child who does not receive help. The assistance or structuring provided by others is termed a) schema. b) scaffolding. c) scripting. d) mentoring

Which developmental psychologist believed that the nature of the partnership between children, adults, and peers is determined through cultural and societal factors such as preschools, play groups, the emphasis on certain tasks that are valued by the culture and society, and that even the toys that children play with reflect the nature of the society in which the child lives? a) Piaget b) Vygotsky c) Watson d) Skinner