Flashcards About Psychology Final Test
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Although the B.P.S. disbanded in 1967, they created the study of Phrenology which assumed that mental faculties are located in brain "organs" on the surface of the brain and can be detected by visible inspection of _______ on the head.
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bumps
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________ is a method of investigation developed by Structuralists.
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introspection
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When we learn to understand the mind and feelings, we can also learn to _______ and _______ behavior.
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Predict / Control
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This therapeutic technique encourages patients to recline and talk about whatever comes to mind.....
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"Free Association"
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While surveys uses questionnaires to collect information about people's attitudes, beliefs, feelings, behaviors, and lifestyles, case studies include intensive studies of a person or a group...that would mean that ________ ________ observes subjects with little interference in their "natural habitat."
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Naturalistic Observation
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With a neuron as the functional unit of the nervous system, the Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the ______ and ________.
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Brain / Spinal Cord
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Within the brain the _________ has regulatory areas for thirst, hunger, body temperature, water balance, and blood pressure.
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Hypothalamus
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B.F. Skinner was the most 'forceful leader' of behaviorism and coined the term "______ ________" stating that psychology should concern itself with the observable behavior of people and animals, not with unobservable events that take place in their minds.
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Operant Conditioning
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Whereas B.F. Skinner and Sigmund Freud's theories suggest that personality developed in stages influenced by inborn, _______ drives and conscious and unconscious experiences, Freud also supports John Watson's importance of nurture or the ________ in child development!
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Biological / Environmental
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This part of the human brain allows both hemispheres to communicate with one another and enable humans to function as 'a whole. If the ______ ______ is cut, the human brain will no longer be able to communicate and "transfer" human thoughts, sensations, feelings, and objectives from one side of the brain to the other....
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corpus collosum
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Considered by many to be biggest advancement in sleep study- the discovery of ____ _____.
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rapid eye movement
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The discovery of _______ ________ enabled scientists to begin to understand how drugs work on the brain.
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opiate receptors
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The 'bare' minimum of stimulation that it would take for an organism to perceive something happening around it.
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absolute threshold
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Binocular disparity is a depth cue that requires both eyes to see; whereas, a __________ is a person that is totally color-blind.
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monochromat
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The Ponzo illusion and the ___-____ illusion are both examples of visual illusions.
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Muller-Lyer
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____ _____ refers to the notion that humans are not born with built-in mental content
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tabula rasa
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Which of the following best describes the ego? A. The ego tries to meet the needs of the id while taking into account the reality of the situation. B. The ego ignores the needs of the id by taking into account the reality of the situation. C. The ego is the moral part of us. D. The ego is the vain, prideful part of us.
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A
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Erik Erikson's theories are similar to those of ______ ______ in that they both suggest that development occurs by mastering a series of conflicts.
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Sigmund Freud
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Which of the following is the positive outcome of Stage 2 in of Erikson's developmental model? A. The child will be unquestionably obedient. B. The child will learn to accept without guilt. C. The child will develop the confidence needed to cope with future situations that require choice, control, and independence. D. The child may be ashamed of their behavior and doubt their abilities.
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C
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________ , a term developed by Rosalind Cartwright, developed the _______ Problem Solving View used to describe all the mental processes involved in acquiring, storing, and using knowledge and in 'solving' dream analysis. Transforming sensory information into meaningful perceptions involves....
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Cognitive (Cognition)
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Child development studies began in earnest in the 1900s when psychologist such as Erik Erickson began to assess child development from the perspective of mental health focusing the most important conflict we face during development is _______ _______.
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identity crisis
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With developmental psychology studying behavior across the life span, _________ is the scientific study of the biology of behavior and mental processes.
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psychobiology
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Although John Bowlby introduced the concept of ______ ______, Harry Harlow studied the emotion of love and the attachment of mother and child. Harlow's monkey experiment found that children in institutions expressed similar feelings of 'deprivation' to his host, monkeys. The major implication in studying attachment theory is it sheds light on the potential impact of childhood experiences on future relationships.
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maternal deprivation
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When a child assimilates a concrete object into an existing scheme.... known as?
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symbolic play
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Jean Piaget noted that younger children frequently answer questions differently than older children because they think differently...according to Piaget's model of _______, the process of trying to fit objects into an existing schema, we learn from our experiences and mistakes.
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assimilation
