Question 1

Psychological disorders that researchers believe are learned, such as phobias, are most likely to be treated with

Accepted Answer

psychotherapy

Question 2

Mental health therapies that involve prescribed drugs or other procedures that act directly on a patients nervous systems are

Accepted Answer

Biomedical therapies

Question 3

A therapist who takes an eclectic approach is one who

Accepted Answer

Uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches

Question 4

The first psychological therapy was introduced by

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud

Question 5

A central therapeutic technique of psychoanalysis is

Accepted Answer

Free associations

Question 6

According to psychoanalysts, resistance refers to the

Accepted Answer

Blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material during therapy

Question 7

An important component of psychoanalysis is

Accepted Answer

Dream analysis

Question 8

To understand his patients\' repressed conflicts, Freud sought to identify the _____ of their dreams

Accepted Answer

Latent content

Question 9

Which form of therapy is most likely to be criticized for offering interpretations that cannot be proven or disproven

Accepted Answer

psychoanalysis

Question 10

Psychodynamic therapy is ____ than traditional psychoanalysis

Accepted Answer

briefer

Question 11

Which form of therapy would most likely help depressed patients by teaching them how to resolve disagreements with their friends

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal psychotherapy

Question 12

Unlike psychoanalytic therapists, humanistic therapists tend to focus on the ____ more than the ____.

Accepted Answer

Present; past

Question 13

Instead of focusing on the cure of psychological disorders, ____ therapies seek to promote personal growth and self-fulfillment

Accepted Answer

humanistic

Question 14

Empathic understanding of the patient\'s subjective experiences is a major goal of a

Accepted Answer

Client-centered therapist

Question 15

Carl Rogers referred to a caring, nonjudgmental attitude as

Accepted Answer

Unconditional positive regard

Question 16

A procedure that trains people to make new responses to stimuli that currently trigger unwanted responses is called

Accepted Answer

Counterconditioning

Question 17

Systematic desensitization is a form of ____, which is a type of ____.

Accepted Answer

Counterconditioning; behavior therapy

Question 18

A token economy is to operant conditioning as ___ is to classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization

Question 19

Gina is so fearful of taking tests for college courses that she experiences mild anxiety when registering for a course, intense anxiety when studying for a test, and extreme anziety when answering actual test questions. Her greatest fear, however, is experienced while waiting for a professor to and out tests. During the process of systematically desensitizing her test anxiety, the therapist is likely to ask Gina first to imagine.

Accepted Answer

Registering for a college course

Question 20

Which of the following techniques have behavior therapists used to help people overcome a fear of flying?

Accepted Answer

Virtual reality exposure therapy

Question 21

Virtual reality exposure therapy is a form of

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization

Question 22

In treating alcohol dependency, therapists have clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug.

Accepted Answer

Aversive conditioning

Question 23

Connor is constantly chewing tobacco. To reduce his appetite for this product, a behavior therapist would most likely use

Accepted Answer

Aversive conditioning

Question 24

Therapists practice ______ by using positive reinforces to reward closer and closer approximations of a desired behavior.

Accepted Answer

Behavior modification

Question 25

Which of the following is the best description of behavior modification?

Accepted Answer

Patients\' actions are influenced by controlling the consequences of those actions

Question 26

A token economy represents an application of the principles of

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning

Question 27

The assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions is most clearly central to

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapies

Question 28

Cognitive therapists would be most likely to encourage depressed clients to

Accepted Answer

Stop blaming themselves for negative circumstances beyond their control

Question 29

Dylan is a second-year undergraduate who feels so incompetent that he believes his life is worthless and hopeless. Dylan would profit the most from

Accepted Answer

Beck\'s cognitive therapy

Question 30

Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for

Accepted Answer

Enabling people to discover that others have problems similar to their own

Question 31

Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person\'s role within a social system?

Accepted Answer

Family therapy

Question 32

By overestimating the actual benefits of their psychotherapeutic threatment, clients are most likely attempting to satisfy their motivation for

Accepted Answer

Self-justification

Question 33

The placebo effect refers to

Accepted Answer

The beneficial consequences of merely expecting that a treatment will be effective

Question 34

In the 1950s, Hans Eysenck challenged the effectiveness of psychotherapy because it appeared to be

Accepted Answer

No more beneficial than no treatment at all

Question 35

Research has shown that clients\' level of satisfaction with psychotherapy

Accepted Answer

Is unrelated to the level of training and experience of their therapists

Question 36

Ron is a 22-year-old mechanic who suffers from claustrophobia. The most effect way to treat Ron\'s problem would involve _____ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Behavior

Question 37

Rapidly moving one\'s eyes while recalling traumatic experiences is most descriptive of

Accepted Answer

EMDR

Question 38

Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Depression

Question 39

Psychologist with expertise in research, the assessment of psychological disorders. And the practice of psychotherapy are typically

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychologists

Question 40

Psychopharmacology involves the study of how

Accepted Answer

Drugs affect mind and behavior

Question 41

One group of ocean voyagers is given a new but untested pill for seasickness and a second group is given an inactive pill. Neither the voyagers nor the experimental researchers know which group has received the new pill. In this experiment, the investigators are making use of

Accepted Answer

The double-blind technique

Question 42

Double-blind studies enable researchers to assess the extent to which drug therapy outcomes are attributable to

Accepted Answer

The placebo effect

Question 43

Xanax and Ativan are ____ drugs.

Accepted Answer

Antianxiety

Question 44

Xanax would most likely be prescribed in order to help

Accepted Answer

Jerome overcome feelings of nervous apprehension and an inability to relax.

Question 45

Which of the following individuals is most likely to benefit from Prozac?

Accepted Answer

Shannon, who feels helpless and apathetic and thinks her life is meaningless and worthless

Question 46

Psychosurgery involves

Accepted Answer

Removing or destroying brain tissue

Question 47

Professor Bensfield emphasizes that recovery from bipolar disorder involves a continuous interplay among patients\' physical reactions to mood-stabilizing drugs, their positive expectations that their lives will improve, and the supportive responses of patients\' families and friends. The professor\'s emphasis best illustrates a(n) ______ approach to therapy.

Accepted Answer

Biopsychosocial

Question 48

Dr. Judd is convinced that psychological disorders result largely from stressful social situations rather than from disturbances within the individual personality. Dr. Judd\'s belief is most consistent with the assumptions that underlie

Accepted Answer

Preventive mental health

Question 49

Preventive mental health attempts to reduce the incidence of psychological disorders by

Accepted Answer

Establishing programs to alleviate poverty and other demoralizing situations

Question 50

Transference refers to a client\'s

Accepted Answer

Expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships

Question 51

Lynn has begun to buy small gifts for her therapist, and she feels extremely jealous of the time he spends with his other patients. To a psychoanalyst, this is most indicative of

Accepted Answer

Transference

Question 52

Humanistic therapists are likely to teach clients to

Accepted Answer

Take more responsibility for their own feelings and actions

Question 53

Carl Rogers encouraged client-centered therapists to ____ during the process of therapy.

Accepted Answer

Genuinely express their own true feelings

Question 54

The healing power of insight and self-awareness is LEAST likely to be emphasized by _____ therapists.

Accepted Answer

Behavior

Question 55

Systematic desensitization involves

Accepted Answer

Associating a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli.

Question 56

In a therapeutic setting, a client who wants to lose weight eats some favorite foods laced with a nausea-producing drug. Yet, outside the therapist\'s office, the client knows he or she can eat those foods without fear of nausea. This awareness contributes to the limited effectiveness of

Accepted Answer

Aversive conditioning

Question 57

Reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is most central to the process of

Accepted Answer

Behavior modification

Question 58

Several years after his wife\'s death, Mr. Stattler remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Stattler\'s depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for not being able to prevent his wife\'s death. The therapist\'s approach is most representative of

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy

Question 59

Stress inoculation training focuses on helping people to

Accepted Answer

Replace negative self-talk with more positive comments

Question 60

Which form of psychotherapy is LEAST likely to occur in therapist-led small groups?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis

Question 61

People often enter psychotherapy during a period of crisis in their lives. This helps us understand why they

Accepted Answer

Tend to overestimate the effectiveness of their psychotherapy

Question 62

Although Shawn felt terribly depressed when he began psychotherapy, he was much happier by the time he had completed therapy. It would be reasonable to attribute some of his improvement to

Accepted Answer

Regression toward the mean

Question 63

The best outcome studies for evaluating the effectiveness of psychotherapy typically use

Accepted Answer

Randomized clinical trials.

Question 64

Meta-analysis refers to

Accepted Answer

A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different studies.

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