Question 1

Dr. Reid believes that principles of natural selection help explain why infants come to fear strangers about the time they become mobile. Dr. Reid is most likely a

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologist

Question 2

A pair of adopted children or identical twins reared in the same home are most likely to have similar

Accepted Answer

Religious behaviors

Question 3

The sequence of the 4 nucleotide letters

Accepted Answer

Is virtually the same in all humans

Question 4

If a fraternal twin becomes schizophrenic, the likelihood of the other twin developing serious mental illness is much lower than with identical twins. This suggests that

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is influenced by genes

Question 5

Of the following, the best way to separate the effects of genes and environment in research is to study

Accepted Answer

Identical twins raised in different environments

Question 6

Through natural selection, the traits that are most likely to be passed on to succeeding generations are those that contribute to

Accepted Answer

Reproduction and survival (a and b)

Question 7

Which of the following, is not true regarding gender and sexuality?

Accepted Answer

Gender differences in sexuality are noticeably absent among gay men and lesbian women

Question 8

Evolutionary psychologists attribute gender differences in sexuality to the fact that woman have

Accepted Answer

Lower reproductive potential than do men.

Question 9

According to evolutionary psychology, men are drawn a sexually to women who seem __, while woman are attached to men who seem __.

Accepted Answer

Youthful and fertile; mature and affluent

Question 10

__ twins, who develop from a single fertilized egg, __ twin develop from separate fertilized eggs.

Accepted Answer

Identical and fraternal

Question 11

When evolutionary psychologists use the word \"fitness\" they are specially referring to

Accepted Answer

Our ability to survive and reproduce

Question 12

Temperament refers to a person\'s characteristic

Accepted Answer

Emotional reactivity and intensity

Question 13

In a hypothetical world where all schools are of uniform quality, all families equally loving and all neighborhoods equally healthy , the heritability of person-to a person differences would be:

Accepted Answer

Large

Question 14

The sudfield that studies the specific genes that influence behavior is:

Accepted Answer

Molecular genetics

Question 15

Which of the following, most accurately expresses the extent of parental influence on personality?

Accepted Answer

It is more limited than popular psychology supposes.

Question 16

Gender refers to

Accepted Answer

The biological and social definition of male and female.

Question 17

The fertilized egg will develop into a boy if, at conception

Accepted Answer

The sperm contributes a Y chromosome.

Question 18

Which theory states that gender becomes a lens through which children view their experiences?

Accepted Answer

Gender schema theory

Question 19

The hormone testosterone

Accepted Answer

Stimulates growth of the male sex organs.

Question 20

Research studies have found that when infant rats and premature human babies are regularly touched or massaged, they

Accepted Answer

gain weight more rapidly, develop neurologically, and have more agreeable temperaments

Question 21

Each cell of the human body has a total of

Accepted Answer

46 chromosomes

Question 22

Genes direct our physical development by synthesizing

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 23

The human genome is best defined as

Accepted Answer

The complete instructions for making an organism

Question 24

Most human traits are

Accepted Answer

Influenced by many genes acting together

Question 25

Mutations are random errors in __ replication that lead to a change in the sequence of __.

Accepted Answer

Gene; nucleotides

Question 26

Casual hit-and-run sex is most frequent among:

Accepted Answer

Males with traditional masculine attitudes

Question 27

Evolutionary explanations of gender differences in sexuelity have been criticized because:

Accepted Answer

They offer \"after-the-effect\" explanations, standards of attractiveness vary with time and place, and they underestimate cultural influences on sexuality.

Question 28

Several studies of long-separated identical twins have found that these twins :

Accepted Answer

Have many similarities, in everything from medical histories to personalities

Question 29

Adoption studies show that the personalities of adopted children:

Accepted Answer

Bear more similarities to their biological parents than to their adoptive parents.

Question 30

Of the following, parents are most likely to influence their children\'s

Accepted Answer

Faith

Question 31

Chromosomes are composed of small segments of __ called __.

Accepted Answer

DNA; genes

Question 32

When the effect of one factor (such as environment) depends on another (such as heredity), we say there is a(n) __ between the 2 factors

Accepted Answer

Interaction

Question 33

Compared to children raised in Western societies those raised in communal societies ,such as Japan or China:

Accepted Answer

Grow up with a stronger integration of the sense of family into their self-concepts, exhibit greater shyness toward strangers, exhibit greater concern for loyalty and social harmony

Question 34

The \"selection effect\"in peer influence refers to the tendency of children and youth to:

Accepted Answer

Seek out friends with similar interests and attitudes

Question 35

Which of the following is not true regarding cultural diversity?

Accepted Answer

Culture does not have a strong influence on how strictly social roles are defined

Question 36

Woman and men are most likely to be attracted to strongly gender-typed mates in cultures characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Gender inequality

Question 37

An evolutionary psychologist would be most interested in studying :

Accepted Answer

Why most parents are so passionately devoted to their children

Question 38

Children who are raised by parents who discourage traditional gender-typed:

Accepted Answer

Nevertheless organize themselves into \"girl worlds\" and \"boy worlds\"

Question 39

Genetically female children often play in \"masculine line\" ways if they were exposed to excess __ during preternal development

Accepted Answer

Testerone

Question 40

Providing a child with a stimulating educational environment during early childhood is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent neutral connections from degenerating.

Question 41

If chromosomes are the \"books\" of heredity, the \"words\" are the __ and the \"letters\" are the __.

Accepted Answer

Genes; nucleotides

Question 42

To say that the hereditary of a trait is approximately 50% means that

Accepted Answer

Of the variation in the trait within a group of people, 50% can be attributed to genes

Question 43

After comparing divorce rates among identical and fraternal twins, Dr. Alex has concluded that genes do play a role. Dr. Alex is most likely an

Accepted Answer

Behavior geneticist

Question 44

Despite growing up in the same house environment, Karen and her brother John have personalities as different from each other as 2 people selected randomly from the population. Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

The interaction of their individual genres and nonshared experiences accounts for the common finding that children in the same family are usually very different

Question 45

I am a rat whose cortex is lighter and thinner than my litter mates. What happened to me?

Accepted Answer

You were raised in a deprived environment.

Question 46

Chad, who grew up in the U.S, is more likely to encourage __ in his future children than Asian-born Hidiyaki, who is more likely to encourage __ in his future children

Accepted Answer

Independence; emotional closeness

Question 47

One of the best ways to distinguish how much genetic and environment factors affect behavior is to compared children who have

Accepted Answer

The same genes but different environments

Question 48

My sibling and I developed from a single fertilized egg. Who are we?

Accepted Answer

Same- sex identical twins.

Question 49

A psychologist working from the evolutionary perspective is likely to suggest that people are biologically predisposed to

Accepted Answer

Protect their offspring, fear heights, and be attracted to fertile-appearing members of the opposite sex.

Question 50

The heritability of a trait will be largest among genetically __ individuals who grew up in __ environments.

Accepted Answer

Dissimilar; similar.

Question 51

I am part of an \"alphabet\" that consists of only four letters, the sequence of which is nearly identical in akk humans. What am I?

Accepted Answer

A nucleotide

Question 52

Of the relatively few genetic differences among humans__ are differences among races.

Accepted Answer

Less than 10%

Question 53

Responding to the argument that gender differences are often by-product of a culture\' s social and family structures, an evolutionary psychologist is most likely to point to

Accepted Answer

Our greatest human capacity for learning.

Question 54

A person whose twin has Alzheimer\'s disease has __ risk of sharing the disease if they are identical twins than if they are fraternal twins.

Accepted Answer

Much greater.

Question 55

Which of the following is an example of an interaction?

Accepted Answer

Swimmers with certain personality traits swim fastest during competition, while those with other personality traits swim faster during solo time trials.

Question 56

Which of the following most accurately summarizes the findings of the 40- year fox breeding study described in the text?

Accepted Answer

By selecting and mating the tamest males and females, the researchers have produced affectionate, unaggressive offspring.

Question 57

Compared to men, women are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

Be less accepting of casual sex

Question 58

When his son cries because another child has taken his by saying ,\"Big boys don\'t cry.\" Evidently, Brandon is an advocate of __ in accounting for the development of gender -linked behaviors

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory

Question 59

The fact that after age 2, language forces children to begin organizing their words on the basis of gender is most consistent with which theory of how gender-linked behaviors develop?

Accepted Answer

Gender schema theory

Question 60

Three year old Jack is inhibited and shy. As an adult, Jack is likely to be:

Accepted Answer

Cautious and unassertive.

Question 61

Identical twin

Accepted Answer

Develop from a single egg that splits in 2

Question 62

Fraternal twins

Accepted Answer

Develop from a separate eggs. Like bro and sis who share fetal environment

Question 63

The nature-nurture issue: sex reassignment

Accepted Answer

John was a boy but they cut off his penis. everyone change him to a girl (Joan). People can try to reassign genders but it\'s in our genes.

Question 64

Do Parents Matter? Peer Influence

Accepted Answer

Doing a twin studies that were separated at birth. Have the same personality, so it not environment. Peer influence on personality while parents influence moral beliefs

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